Analysis and Correlatıon of Element Concentratıons of Marine Sediments between Silivri (İstanbul) and Dardanelles by ICP-OES and LIBS Methods

Abstract

In this work, the LIBS (Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) and ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer) technique applied to the determination of total concentration of some elements (Fe, Zn, Al, Mn, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Na, Mg, K, Ca) derived from soil samples of Marmara Sea. To support to the technique, LIBS data were compared with data have been obtained on the same soil samples by application of Conventional Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The similarity of results obtained between the two sets of data suggested the potential applicability of the LIBS technique to the measurement of elements in soils. According to the study, it has been seen that the elements determined by ICP-OES analysis also determined by LIBS method. It has the advantages of being faster than other traditional methods, being portable, having low analysis costs, not being damaged and re-used during the analysis and short preparation period. However, the LIBS method is an important and practical technique for the determination of elements of natural and anthropogenic origin. In the analysis made by ICP-OES method, the amounts of the elements in ppm are determined, while the results of LIBS analysis show the presence of the element only in %. According to LIBS method, Zn, Mn, Co, Cr and Cu concentrations vary according to each region. In this study, according to ICP-OES analysis, Zn (42.2-111.7 ppm), Mn (163.2-581.1 ppm), Co (37.14-65.87 ppm), Cr (42.5-112.6 ppm), Cu (5.71-24.33 ppm), Ni ( 98.20-175.55 ppm), Al (16568.8-24850.9 ppm), Fe (20936.9-37397.9 ppm), Na (5223.4-12384.7), Mg (4800.4-7385.3 ppm), K (3290.8-5582.0) and Ca (42405.2-154577.0 ppm) ). LIBS analysis results showed that parallels Zn (0-22%), Mn (0-28%), Co (0-21%), Cr (0-23%), Cu (0-19%), Ni (%) 0-2), Al (67-78%), Fe (94-95%), Na (70-87%), Mg (82-90%), K (85-94%), Ca (66-%) 80). The LIBS method is an important technique for identifying elements enriched with anthropogenic factors and elements originating from natural processes. The LIBS method can be used to determine the source of elements in marine or terrestrial environments. In addition, the LIBS method; It has also shown important results in the determination of toxic elements such as Mn, Cr, Co and Cu which increase in marine sediment by anthropogenic factors.

Keywords

• LIBS
• ICP-OES
• Toxic Element
• Marmara Sea
• Çanakkale Strait

Silivri (İstanbul) ve Çanakkale Boğazı Arasındaki Denizel Sedimanların Element Konsantrasyonlarının ICP-OES ve LIBS Yöntemleri İle Analizi ve Korelasyonu

Öz

Bu çalışmada Marmara Denizi deniz sedimanlarının toksik element (Fe, Zn, Al, Mn, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Na, Mg, K, Ca) konsantrasyonları LIBS (Lazer İndüklenmiş Plazma Spektroskopisi) ve ICP-OES (İndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma-Optik Emisyon Spektrometresi) teknikleri ile belirlenmiştir. LIBS tekniği ile elde edilen sonuçların desteklenmesi için aynı sediman örnekleri ICP-OES yöntemi ile de analiz edilmiştir. İki yöntemden de elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırıldığında LIBS yönteminin sediman örnekleri üzerinde kullanılabilirliği görülmüştür. Çünkü ICP-OES ile elde edilen sonuçlar ile LIBS ile elde edilen sonuçlar birbirleri ile paralellik göstermektedir. Geleneksel diğer tüm yöntemlerden hızlı sonuç vermesi, taşınabilir olması, analiz maliyetlerinin düşük olması, kullanılan örneğin analiz sırasında zarar görmemesi ve tekrar kullanılabilmesi ve ön hazırlık sürecinin kısa olması gibi avantajları vardır. Bununla birlikte LIBS yöntemi, doğal ve antropojenik kökenli elementlerin belirlenmesi için önemli ve pratik bir tekniktir. Bu metot günümüzde gıda, çevre, sağlık ve tekstil alanlarında kullaılan yeni bir yöntemdir. ICP-OES yöntemiyle yapılan analiz sonuçlarında elementlerin miktarları ppm cinsinden, LIBS yöntemiyle elde edilen analiz sonuçları ise sadece % cinsinden verilmektedir. Bu çalışmada ICP-OES analizi sonucuna göre Zn (42.2-111.7 ppm), Mn (163.2-581.1 ppm), Co (37.14-65.87 ppm), Cr (42.5-112.6 ppm), Cu (5.71-24.33 ppm), Ni (98.20-175.55 ppm), Al (16568.8-24850.9 ppm), Fe (20936.9-37397.9 ppm), Na (5223.4-12384.7), Mg (4800.4-7385.3 ppm), K (3290.8-5582.0), Ca (42405.2-154577.0 ppm) olarak elde edilmiştir. LIBS analiz sonuçlarıda; Zn (% 0-22), Mn (%0-28), Co (%0-21), Cr (%0-23), Cu (%0-19), Ni (%0-2), Al (%67-78), Fe (%94-95), Na (%70-87), Mg (%82-90), K (%85-94), Ca (%66-80) olarak elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde LIBS yönteminin; Antropojenik faktörlerle deniz sedimentinde artan Mn, Cr, Co ve Cu gibi toksik elementlerin belirlenmesinde önemli sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. Denizel veya karasal ortamlardaki elementlerin kaynağını belirlemek için LIBS metodu, ICP-OES metodu ile paralellik gösterdiği için kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• LIBS
• ICP-OES
• Toksik Element
• Marmara Denizi
• Çanakkale Boğazı

Kaynakça

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