Araştırma Makalesi

Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts

31 Ekim 2019
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Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts

Öz

Now recognised as a dangerous side effect of increasing human activity and particularly the use of fossil fuels, is the impact on air quality, which has deteriorated considerably in recent times. In particular, the dramatic rise in road traffic has driven up the levels of air pollution in our towns and cities, leading to serious problems for both public health and the environment. To redress this, Environment Policies developed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and European Commission (EC) have identified clean air as an essential requirement to human health and for the environment – a human right. Therefore, the need for managing emissions resulting from road traffic has seen significant attention. Coincidentally, the increases in the last decades of computational ability has enabled rapid development of transport modelling tools that can be integrated with environmental emissions packages. This has led to the increased ability to test the impact of road emissions on public health and environment. The computational ability to analyse the impact of traffic conditions for both current and forecast operations has enabled engineers to identify improved management and operation techniques for the road intersections with a view to reduce the emissions’ impact. This study presents a new and innovative approach to inform such forecast emissions, representing an approach to develop designs that can reduce emissions by linking various software packages as demonstrated at a trial site at a road intersection at Bath, United Kingdom. The technique linked the transport micro-simulation tool VISSIM with the environmental software EnViVer for emissions analysis. The models are also linked to Geographic Information System software, QGIS, to display changing levels of NOx, CO2 and PM (Particulate Matter) under alternative intersection operational management regimes. This approach has enabled three important outcomes: 1) development of a methodology to directly test emissions and inform air quality thresholds using a series of software tools in an integrated manner, 2) enable the investigation of the air quality outcomes for alternative intersection designs and 3) to produce functions for intersection operational parameters that can predict NOX, CO2 and PM savings. The results have demonstrated that the linking of the computational ability of micro-simulation modelling of road intersections with environmental package has been successful in analysis of operations. The ‘combined’ modelling approach has enabled design development of future intersection operation to with a view to minimising NOX, CO2 and PM. This approach has brought together the crucial traffic parameters of road speed, delay and queuing and related them directly to change in emissions formulation, with the evidenced based prospect of adoption for similar studies in future. To put numbers to the achievement, the results have shown significant achievements for both the NOX level, which is projected to reduce by 14-34%, CO2 by over 13-32% and PM by over 14-26% compared with the base conditions. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teşekkür

This paper is based on two real projects which is funded by two separate streams of research: 1) Highways England funded A46 study to develop operational alternatives to existing, congested location where queues, delays, journey times and emissions were found significant; and 2) Coopoerative Intelligent Transport Systems to reduce Vehicle Emissions: Stage C ‘Evaluation and Appraisal’ which has enabled use of EnViVer software. Author acknowledge the data and software provision to be able to complete this study.

Kaynakça

  1. Amirjamshidi, G., Mostafa, T.S., Misra, A., Roorda, M.J. Integrated model for microsimulating vehicle emissions, pollutant dispersion and population exposure. Transp. Res. Part D Transp. Environ. 2013. 18, 16–24.
  2. Abou-Senna, H., Radwan, E., Westerlund, K., Cooper, C.D. Using a traffic simulation model (VISSIM) with an emissions model (MOVES) to predict emissions from vehicles on a limited-access highway. J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. 2013. 63 (7), 819–831.
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  6. Borrego, C., Tchepel, O., Salmim, L., Amorim, J., Costa, A.M., Janko, J. Integrated modelling of road traffic emissions: application to Lisbon air quality management. Cybernet. Syst. Int. J. 2004. 35 (5–6), 535–548.
  7. Dias, D., Amorim, J.H., Sá, E., Borrego, C., Fontes, T., Fernandes, P., Pereira, S.R., Bandeira, J., Coelho, M.C., & Tchepel, O. Impact of road transport on urban air quality: GIS and GPS as a support for a modeling framework, GIS. Ostrava 2014, 27–29/01, Ostrava.
  8. Department for Transport (DfT). Transport Advisory Unit M1: Principles of Modelling and Forecasting (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/427118/webtag-tag-unit-m1-1-principles-of-modelling-and-forecasting.pdf). 2014. (accessed on 25/06/2018).

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Mühendislik

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Ekim 2019

Gönderilme Tarihi

20 Temmuz 2019

Kabul Tarihi

24 Ekim 2019

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2019

Kaynak Göster

APA
Tenekeci, G. (2019). Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 130-145. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.637594
AMA
1.Tenekeci G. Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts. EJOSAT. Published online 01 Ekim 2019:130-145. doi:10.31590/ejosat.637594
Chicago
Tenekeci, Göktuğ. 2019. “Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts”. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, Ekim 1, 130-45. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.637594.
EndNote
Tenekeci G (01 Ekim 2019) Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 130–145.
IEEE
[1]G. Tenekeci, “Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts”, EJOSAT, ss. 130–145, Eki. 2019, doi: 10.31590/ejosat.637594.
ISNAD
Tenekeci, Göktuğ. “Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts”. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi. 01 Ekim 2019. 130-145. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.637594.
JAMA
1.Tenekeci G. Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts. EJOSAT. 2019;:130–145.
MLA
Tenekeci, Göktuğ. “Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts”. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, Ekim 2019, ss. 130-45, doi:10.31590/ejosat.637594.
Vancouver
1.Göktuğ Tenekeci. Computation and Assessment of Environmental Emissions Resulting from Traffic Operations at Roundabouts. EJOSAT. 01 Ekim 2019;130-45. doi:10.31590/ejosat.637594

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