Risk Değerlendirme Metotlarının İnşaat Sektöründe İş Güvenliği Kapsamında Karşılaştırılması

Öz

İş sağlığı ve güvenliği (İSG) iş kazalarının ve meslek hastalıklarının en düşük seviyeye indirgemeyi amaçlayan geçmişi insanlık tarihi ile paralel olan bir kavramdır. İşçinin sağlık, güvenlik ve refahı iş güvenliği kapsamındadır. İnsanoğlu geçmişten günümüze hayatını idame ettirebilmek adına iş yapmak mecburiyetinde kalmıştır. Yapılacak işler yapısı ve yerleşkesi itibariyle belirli veya belirsiz riskler barındırmaktadır. İSG temelinde bu risklerin minimum seviyede kalması için alınması gereken aksiyonları araştırmaktadır. Mesleki tehlikelere maruz kalan işçilerin işle ilgili hastalık ve yaralanma geliştirme riski daha yüksektir. Risk değerlendirmesi çalışan ve işverenin maruz kaldığı risklerin belirlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesi açısından en önemli yapılardan birisidir. Nicel ve nitel olmak üzere iki kategoriye ayrılan risk değerlendirme metotlarının iş sağlığı ve güvenliği kapsamında karşılaştırılmaları de detaylı analizlerini içeren çalışmada metodolojiler arasındaki farklılıklar ortaya konulmuş, buna bağlı olarak da uygulama aşamasında yapılması gerekenler ortaya konulmuştur. İş güvenliği risk değerlendirmesi işyerinde risk kontrolünün uygulanması, mesleki faaliyetler ve işçi sağlığının korunması adına zorunlu niteliktedir. İşveren bu çalışmayı kendi bünyesinde yapabileceği gibi dışarıdan hizmet alarak da yaptırabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; iş sağlığı ve güvenliği açısından ortaya çıkabilecek tehlike ve risklerin analizinde kullanılan risk değerlendirme yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması ve sonucunda alınması gereken önlemlerin belirlenmesinde etkinliklerini değerlendirmektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İnşaat,Tehlike Önleme,İş güvenliği,Risk Değerlendirmesi

Comparison of Risk Assessment Methods within the Scope of Occupational Safety in the Construction Sector

Öz

Occupational health and safety (OHS) history dates back to ancient human history due to a decrease the occupational accidents and diseases. Human is obliged to do work in order to sustain life. The works in general consist of the works done with body strength. OHS is a basis to reduce occupational accidents in an acceptable level, and it covers employee health, safety, and welfare in the workplace. There are certain or uncertain risks in terms of workplace structure and location. OHS investigates the actions to be taken to minimize these risks on the basis of workplace safety. Workers exposed to occupational hazards have a higher risk of developing work-related illnesses and injuries. Risk assessment is one of the most important structures in terms of identifying and evaluating the risks to which the employee and employer are exposed. Comparisons of risk assessment methods, which are divided into two categories as quantitative and qualitative, in the scope of occupational health and safety and the detailed analysis of the study, the differences between the methodologies have been revealed and accordingly, the and the necessary applications have been put forward. Occupational safety risk assessment is mandatory for the implementation of risk control in the workplace, professional activities and protection of worker health. The employer can carry out this work in-house or by taking external services. The aim of this study is to compare the risk assessment methods used in the analysis of hazards and risks that may arise in terms of occupational health and safety and to evaluate their effectiveness in determining the measures to be taken as a result.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Construction,Hazard Prevention,Occupational Safety,Risk Assessment

Kaynakça

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