A Study on Environmental and Social Impacts of Mini-hydro Power Plants

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the environmental and social impacts of Namnam hydroelectric power plant constructed as river-run-off type of mini-hydropower plants in Kavaklı village, Ula district, Mugla province of Turkey. In order to determine the environmental and social impacts of the power plant, discussions and field visits were made among the local residents, officials and technical personnel. Then, environmental and social impacts were analyzed scientifically using of regulation degree and environmental impact value scores. For the Namnam hydroelectric power plant, class and status of the regulation degree was 1 and “high”. Environmental impact score was calculated as -15. In this case, it was demonstrated that the Namnam hydroelectric power plant has stimulated some environmental concerns, but has a significant positive social impact on the society. This power plant makes a contribution to green energy production. Therefore, when the positive and negative aspects of the constructed Namnam hydroelectric power plant are evaluated, it can be concluded that there is a gain for our country. In addition, suggestions were made considering the results of the study carried out.

Keywords

• mini hydroelectric power plants
• regulation degree
• environmental impact value
• social effects
• Namnam hydroelectric power plant

Mini-hidroelektrik Santrallerin Çevresel ve Sosyal Etkileri Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin Muğla ili, Ula ilçesi, Kavaklı köyü mevkiinde nehir tipi mini hidroelektrik santral olarak inşa edilen Namnam hidroelektrik santralin çevresel ve sosyal etkilerini incelenmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Santralin çevresel ve sosyal etkilerini belirleyebilmek için yörede yaşayanlar, yetkililer ve teknik personel arasında tartışmalar ve arazi ziyaretleri yapılmıştır. Daha sonra, çevresel ve sosyal etkiler için düzenleme derecesi ve çevresel etki değeri puanları kullanılarak bilimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. İncelenen Namnam hidroelektrik santrali için düzenleme derecesi 1. Sınıf, durumu ise “yüksek”, çevresel etki değerinin puanı ise -15 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu durumda, Namnam hidroelektrik santralin bazı çevresel kaygıları tetiklediği, ancak topluma önemli derecede pozitif sosyal etki yaptığı ortaya konmuştur. Santral yeşil enerji üretimine bir katkı sunmaktadır. Bu nedenle, inşa edilmiş Namnam hidroelektrik santralin olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri değerlendirildiğinde ülkemiz için bir kazanç olduğu sonucuna ulaşılabilir. Ayrıca, yürütülen çalışmanın sonuçları dikkate alınarak olumsuz çevresel etkileri en aza indirecek veya ortadan kaldıracak önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mini-hidroelektrik santral
• mini hidroelektrik santraller
• düzenleme derecesi
• çevresel etki değeri
• sosyal etkiler
• Namnam hidroelektrik santral

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