CRISPR/Cas Technology in Resistance to Phytopathogens

Abstract

The intracellular and extracellular plant pathogens cause economically significant loss to agricultural products worldwide. Genome editing technologies, especially the CRISPR/cas system, have recently been used in different fields in order to improve both quality and yield in agricultural products. The CRISPR/cas system which provides defense in microorganisms against bacteria, archaea, phage and foreign plasmids is a tool that offers unique opportunities for research and regulation of agricultural properties. In this review, the effectiveness of the CRSPR/cas system in the fight against phyto-pathogens causing diseases was discussed. In addition, the current status of modifications through the CRISPR/cas system of genes that play a role in resistance and susceptibility to the host plant against fungi, bacteria and viruses was revealed. The CRISPR/cas system has been shown to be effective in providing resistance to phyto-pathogens that have destructive effects on plants. Advances in genome editing and the production of transgene-free plants with CRISPR/Cas will enable the development of new disease management and control strategies in plant pathology. In the future, it will be possible to develop resistant plants to more than one pathogen simultaneously with CRISPR/cas genome editing technology.

Keywords

• CRISPR,
• genome editing
• phyto-pathogens
• plant breeding
• sustainable agriculture

Fitopatojenlere Karşı Dayanıklılıkta CRISPR/Cas Teknolojisi

Öz

Tarım ürünlerinde hem hücre içi hem hücre dışı bitki patojenleri dünya çapında ekonomik olarak önemli kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Genom düzenleme teknolojileri özellikle de CRISPR/cas sistemi, tarım ürünlerinde gerek kalite gerekse verimin iyileştirilmesi amacıyla son zamanlarda farklı alanlarda kullanılmıştır. Bakteri, arkea, faj ve yabancı plazmitlere karşı savunma sağlayan CRISPR/cas sistemi tarımsal özelliklerin araştırılması ve düzenlenmesi için eşsiz fırsatlar sunan bir araçtır. Bu derlemede hastalıklara neden olan fitopatojenlere karşı mücadelede CRSPR/cas sisteminin kullanım etkinliği irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca CRISPR/cas sistemi aracılığıyla fungus, bakteri ve virüslere karşı konukçu bitkide dayanıklılık ve duyarlılıkta rol oynayan genlerin modifikasyonlarının mevcut durumu ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmalar, CRISPR/cas sisteminin bitkilerde fitopatojenlere karşı dayanıklılık sağlamada etkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Genom düzenleme alanındaki ilerlemeler ve CRISPR/cas ile transgen içermeyen bitkilerin elde edilmesi gelecekte bitki patolojisinde yeni hastalık yönetim ve mücadele stratejilerinin geliştirilmesine olanak sağlayabilecektir. Ayrıca gelecekte CRISPR/cas genom düzenleme teknolojisi ile birden fazla patojene eş zamanlı olarak dayanıklı bitkilerin geliştirilmesi de mümkün olabilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CRISPR,
• genom düzenleme,
• fitopatojenler,
• bitki ıslahı,
• sürdürülebilir tarım,

Kaynakça

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