Nutrition in Individuals With Down Syndrome

Öz

Down syndrome (DS) is the 21st chromosome anomaly with mental retardation as well as physical problems. Individuals having DS are prone to many diseases such as leukemia, congenital heart disease, vision and hearing problems, obesity, hypotonia, sleep apnea, anemia, celiac disease as a result of problems in organ functions. Although there are many endocrine causes to increase in the prevelace of obesity in the individuals having DS, the nutritional order also affects this condition. The growth and growth of the individuals with DS proceeds slower than that of the normal population. As a result of hypotonia presence, dental problems, oral anatomy differences, chewing, absorption and swallowing problems in their diet, food selection and transition time to solid food vary. There are some changes in macro and micronutrient consumption in nutritional situations and their tendency to some foods has increased. Biochemical examinations of the micronutrients of the individuals with DS show some inadequacies In the individuals with DS, the development of some diseases was prevented by means of using curcumin, epicateşin-3-gallat, resveratrol and hydroxytirosol as supplements. The growth, development and improvement in the life quality of individuals with DS can ve increased by means of providing the appropriate food choices specified to their diseases. In this review, the frequently observed diseases and nutritional situations are mentioned in the individuals with DS.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Down Syndrome
• nutrition
• diet
• obesity

Down Sendromlu Bireylerde Beslenme

Öz

Down sendromu (DS) mental retardasyonla birlikte fiziksel problemlerilerin de gözlendiği 21.kromozom anomalisidir. DS’li bireyler lösemi, konjenital kalp hastalıkları, görme ve işitme problemleri, obezite, hipotoni, uyku apnesi, anemi, çölyak hastalığı gibi organ işlevlerinde sorunlar sonucu birçok hastalığa yatkındır. DS’li bireylerde obezitenin prevelansındaki artışın endokrin sebebleri olmakla beraber beslenme düzeni de bu durumu etkilemektedir. DS’li bireylerin büyüme ve gelişmeleri normal bireylere göre daha yavaş ilerlemektedir. Beslenmelerinde hipotoni varlığı, diş problemleri, ağız anatomi farklılıkları sonucu çiğneme, emme ve yutma problemleri sebebiyle besin seçimleri ve katı gıdaya geçiş süresi değişmektedir. Beslenme durumlarında makro ve mikro besin tüketimlerinde değişimler vardır ve bazı besinlere eğilimleri artmıştır. DS’li bireylerin mikro besin öğelerinin biyokimyasal incelemelerinde bazı öğelerde yetersizlik saptanmaktadır. DS’li bireylerde takviye olarak kurkumin, epikateşin-3-gallat, resveratrol ve hidroksitirozol kullanımıyla bazı hastalıkların gelişimi önlenilmiştir. DS’li bireylere hastalıklarına özgü uygun besin seçimleri sağlanarak büyüme, gelişme ve yaşam kalitelerinde artış sağlanmaktadır. Bu derlemede DS’li bireylerde sık gözlenen hastalıklar ve beslenme durumlarından bahsedilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Down Sendromu
• beslenme
• diyet
• obezite

Kaynakça

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