The Existence, Fate and Removal of Coronaviruses in Wastewaters: A Review on COVID-19

Abstract

The coronavirus COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes respiratory disease, was first detected on December 12, 2019, during the epidemic caused by the city of Wuhan, China, and spread to the world. Studies conducted by healthcare professionals on COVID-19 have focused on preventing the direct spread of the virus and treating infected patients. However, in some studies, viruses were detected in human feces, wastewater samples, and possible cases of contamination through wastewater were reported. In this context, it should not be ignored that treated or raw wastewater containing viruses, sewage sludge, reuse of water and discharge to receiving water environments may cause secondary contamination. Therefore, it is important to apply an effective disinfection to prevent the spread of the virus through the discharge waters and recycled wastewater of wastewater treatment plants. To prevent the virus from spreading to the environment, virus removal methods from wastewater should be applied. Therefore, this research offered details about the current situation by taking into account the availability and treatment of the virus in wastewater. 

Keywords

• Coronavirus
• COVID-19
• Wastewater
• Disinfection
• Sewage
• Removal

Atıksularda Koronavirüslerin Varlığı, Akıbeti Ve Giderimi: COVID-19 Üzerine Bir Derleme

Öz

Solunum hastalığına neden olan koronavirüs COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) ilk olarak 12 Aralık 2019’da Çin’in Wuhan şehrinde neden olduğu salgın hastalık sırasında tespit edilmiştir ve dünyaya yayılmıştır. Sağlık uzmanları tarafından COVID-19 üzerine yapılan araştırmalar, virüsün doğrudan yayılmasını önlemeye ve enfekte hastaları tedavi etmeye odaklanmıştır.Fakat, bazı çalışmalarda insanların dışkısında ve atıksu örneklerinde virüs tespit edilmiş ve atıksu yoluyla olası bulaşma vakaları bildirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, virüs içeren arıtılmış veya ham atıksular, arıtma çamurları, suyun tekrar kullanımı ve alıcı su ortamlarına deşarj edilmesi ikincil bulaşmaya neden olabileceği göz ardı edilmemelidir. Atıksu arıtma tesislerinin deşarj suları ve geri kazanılmış atıksular yoluyla virüsün yayılmasını engellemek için etkili bir dezenfeksiyon uygulanması bu nedenle önem arz etmektedir. Virüsün çevreye yayılmasını önlemek için atıksudan virüs giderme yöntemleri uygulanmalıdır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada, COVID-19 virüsü hakkında genel bilgiler verildikten sonra, virüsün atıksularda bulunabilirliği ve arıtımına yönelik yöntemler ele alınarak güncel durum hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Koronavirüs
• COVID-19
• Atıksu
• Dezenfeksiyon
• Kanalizasyon
• Giderim

Kaynakça

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