Su Şebekelerinde Çoklu Sızıntı Tespiti ve İzolasyonu için Etkin Bir Gözetleyici Tasarımı

Öz

Bu çalışma, boru hattı ağlarının sızıntı tespiti ve izolasyonu için verimli bir gözetleyici tasarımı sunmaktadır. Tasarlanan gözetleyici, dağıtık şekilde bulunan sızıntılara sahip çok katmanlı boru hattı ağlarına uygulanabilir. Birbirinden farklı sızıntıların konumu ve akış hızı verimli bir şekilde tahmin edilebilir. "Ayrıklaştırma Temelli Gözetleyici" olarak adlandırılan tasarlanan gözetleyici sistemin ayrıklaştırılmış modeline dayanmaktadır. Bilgisayar uygulamaları için, 150 metrelik bir boruda farklı konumlara ve akış hızlarına sahip iki sızıntı dikkate alınmıştır. Ölçüm ve kestirimlerden 5 saniye sonra doğru sızıntı tahminleri elde edilmiştir. Literatür gözetleyicileri ile karşılaştırıldığında, tasarlanan gözetleyici tarafından hızlı yakınsama ile eşzamanlı durum ve parametre tahminleri elde edilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gözetleyici tasarımı
• Boru hattı ağları
• Sızıntı tespiti

An Efficient Observer Design for Multi Leak Detection and Isolation in Water Supply Networks

Öz

This paper introduces an efficient observer design for leak detection and isolation of pipeline networks. The designed observer can be applied to the multistage pipeline networks with distributed leaks. The position and flow rate of the several leaks can be estimated efficiently. The designed observer is based on the discretized model of the system so called "Discretization Based Observer". For computer applications, two leaks with different positions and flow rates have been considered in a 150 meter pipe. After 5 seconds measurements and estimations, accurate leak estimations have been obtained. Comparing to the literature observers, simultaneous state and parameter estimations are obtained with fast convergence by the designed observer.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Observer design
• Pipeline networks
• Leak detection

Kaynakça

1. Aamo, O. M., Salvesen, J., and Foss, B. A. (2006). Observer design using boundary injections for pipeline monitoring and leak detection. IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 39(2):53–58.
2. Aamo, O. M. (2016). Leak detection, size estimation and localization in pipe flows. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 61(1):246–251.
3. Ashton, S., Shields, D., and Daley, S. (1998). Fault detection in pipelines using nonlinear observers.
4. Besançon, G., Georges, D., Begovich, O., Verde, C., & Aldana, C. (2007). Direct observer design for leak detection and estimation in pipelines. European Control Conference, pp. 5666-5670, IEEE.
5. Beyhan, S. (2013). Runge-kutta model-based nonlinear observer for synchronization and control of chaotic systems. ISA Transactions, 52(4):501 – 509.
6. Billmann, L. and Isermann, R. (1987). Leak detection methods for pipelines. Automatica, 23(3):381–385.
7. Birk, J. and Zeitz, M. (1988). Extended-Luenberger observer for non-linear multivariable systems. International Journal of Control, 47(6):1823–1836.
8. Cetin, M., Beyhan, S., and Iplikci, S. (2017). Soft sensor applications of rk-based nonlinear observers and experimental comparisons. Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, 23(1):109–116.

9. Cetin, M. and Iplikci, S. (2015). A novel auto-tuning pid control mechanism for nonlinear systems. ISA transactions, 58:292–308.
10. Chaudhry, M. H. (1979). Applied hydraulic transients. 2nd Ed. New York, USA, Von Nostrand Reinhold Co.
11. Chen, J. and Patton, R. J. (2012). Robust model-based fault diagnosis for dynamic systems, volume 3. Springer Science & Business Media.
12. Cox, H. (1964). On the estimation of state variables and parameters for noisy dynamic systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 9(1):5 – 12.
13. Drakunov, S. V. (1983). An adaptive quasioptimal filter with discontinuous parameters. Automatic Remote Control, 44(9):1167–1175.
14. Gauthier, J., Hammouri, H., and Othman, S. (1992). A simple observer for nonlinear systems applications to bioreactors. Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on, 37(6):875 –880.
15. Gertler, J. J. (1988). Survey of model-based failure detection and isolation in complex plants. IEEE Control systems magazine, 8(6):3–11.
16. Guillen, M., Dulhoste, J. F., Besancon, G., S., I. R., Santos, R., and Georges, D. (2014). Leak detection and location based on improved pipe model and nonlinear observer. In 2014 European Control Conference (ECC), pages 958–963.
17. Hauge, E., Aamo, O. M., Godhavn, J.-M., et al. (2009). Model-based monitoring and leak detection in oil and gas pipelines. SPE Projects, Facilities & Construction, 4(03):53–60.
18. Iplikci, S. and Bahtiyar, B. (2016). A field-programmable gate array implementation of a real-time nonlinear runge–kutta model predictive control. Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, 38(5):555–564.
19. Iplikci, S. (2013). Runge-Kutta model-based adaptive predictive control mechanism for non-linear processes. Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, 35(2):166–180.
20. Isermann, R. (1984). Process fault detection based on modeling and estimation methods-a survey. automatica, 20(4):387–404.
21. Luenberger, D. (1966). Observers for multivariable systems. Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on, 11(2):190 – 197.
22. Navarro, A., Begovich, O., Sánchez, J., and Besancon, G. (2017). Real-time leak isolation based on state estimation with fitting loss coefficient calibration in a plastic pipeline. Asian Journal of Control, 19(1):255–265.
23. Shields, D., Ashton, S., and Daley, S. (2001). Design of nonlinear observers for detecting faults in hydraulic sub-sea pipelines. Control Engineering Practice, 9(3):297–311.
24. Simon, D. (2006). Optimal State Estimation: Kalman, H-Infinity, and Nonlinear Approaches. Wiley-Interscience.
25. Slotine, J., Hedrick, J., and Misawa, E. (1987). On sliding observers for nonlinear systems. ASME Journal of Dynamic Systems and Control, 109:245–252.
26. Tanaka, K. and Wang, H. (1997). Fuzzy regulators and fuzzy observers: a linear matrix inequality approach. In Proceedings of the 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, volume 2, pages 1315 –1320, San Diego, California USA.
27. Thau, E. E. (1973). Observing the state of nonlinear systems. International Journal of Control, 17:471–479.
28. Verde, C. (2004). Minimal order nonlinear observer for leak detection. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control(Transactions of the ASME), 126(3):467–472.
29. Verde, C. (2005). Accommodation of multi-leak location in a pipeline. Control Engineering Practice, 13(8):1071–1078.