Elektrikli Araçlarda Kablosuz Enerji Transferinin Batarya Şarj Durumuna Etkisi

Öz

Yerleşik piller, elektrikli araçları sürüş menzili ve şarj süresi açısından sınırlar. Bu çalışmada, kablosuz enerji transferi (KET) sistemleri ile şarj edilen elektrikli araçların batarya şarj durumları incelenmiştir. Batarya şarj durumlarına göre bu sistemlerin yeterliliği ve etkisi görülecektir, çünkü batarya şarj durumu aracın menzili ile doğrudan ilgilidir. Kablosuz şarjın pil durumuna etkisini ölçmek amacıyla yapılan simülasyonda güç tüketimini esas alan araç modeli ile basit bir pil modeli kullanıldı. Bu iki model de Mathworks kütüphanesinde bulunan araç ve batarya modelleridir. Şehir içi ve otoyol sürüş döngüleri olmak üzere iki farklı durumun benzetimi yapılmıştır. Farklı güç seviyelerinin batarya şarj durumuna etkisi gözlenmiştir. Şehir içi sürüşlerinde araç menzilinin sınırsız olması orta seviye güçlerde mümkündür. Araçların durma noktalarında bataryalara aktarılan şarj ile 20 kilowattlık güç seviyelerinde döngü boyunca tüketilen şarjın bu sistem tarafından şarj edilme miktarı ile aynı seviyelerdedir. Şarj etme sorunundan kurtulmak için orta güç seviyelerindeki kablosuz güç transferinin yeterli olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Otoyollarda ise kapsama alanı artırılarak sınırsız menzil elde etmek üzere bir yaklaşım oluşturulabilir. Sonuç olarak kablosuz enerji transferi yüksek kapasiteli bataryalara olan bağımlılığı önemli ölçüde azaltacak ve batarya şarj sürelerini en kısa süreye indirerek hem elektrikli araç maliyetlerini azaltacak hem de menzil kaygısını ortadan kaldıracaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elektrikli Araç
• Sürüş Menzili
• Kablosuz Enerji Transferi

The Effect of the Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicles on State of Charge

Öz

Built-in batteries limit electric vehicles in terms of the vehicle's final destination and battery recharge time. This study investigated the battery charge status of electric vehicles charged with wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. The adequacy and impact of these systems will be seen according to the battery charge status because the battery charge status is directly related to the range of the vehicle. A simple battery model and a vehicle model based on power consumption were used in the simulation to measure the effect of wireless charging on battery status. These two models are vehicle and battery models in the Mathworks library. Two different situations are simulated namely urban and highway driving cycles. Different power levels have been observed to affect the battery charge status. It is possible to have an unlimited vehicle range at medium power levels in urban driving. The charge transferred to the batteries at the stopping points of the vehicles and the charge consumed during the cycle at power levels of 20 kilowatts are at the same level as the amount charged by this system. It has been found that wireless power transfer at medium power levels is sufficient to get rid of the charging problem. On highways, an approach can be created to achieve unlimited range by increasing the coverage area. As a result, wireless energy transfer will significantly reduce the dependency on high-capacity batteries and reduce the battery charging times to the shortest time, reducing electric vehicle costs and eliminating range anxiety.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Electric Vehicles
• Driving Range
• Wireless Power Transfer

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