Güç Sistemlerinde Hat Kopmasının Sebep Olduğu Gerilim Kararlılığındaki Bozucu Etkinin İncelenmesi ve Sistem Kararlılık Seviyesinin İyileştirilmesi

Öz

Güç sistemlerinde gerilim kararsızlığına sebep olan pek çok durum söz konusudur. Bu durumlardan biri de güç sistemlerinde meydana gelme olasılığı her an mümkün olan hat kopmalarıdır. Bu çalışmada, IEEE 9 baralı güç sisteminde hat kopmalarının kararlı çalışma durumu üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. İlk olarak güç sisteminin normal çalışma durumundaki statik ve dinamik analizleri yapılmıştır. Statik analiz olarak sürekli güç akış analizi, dinamik analiz olarak zaman domeni simülasyon metodu kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra her bir iletim hattı devre dışı bırakılarak analizler tekrarlanmıştır. Her bir iletim hattının kopması durumunda, sistemin maksimum yüklenme kapasitesindeki ve gerilim kararlılığındaki değişimler incelenmiştir. Son olarak sistemin kararlılık seviyesinin iyileştirilmesi amacıyla güç sistemine SVC (Statik Var Konpanzatör) bağlanmıştır. Güç sistemine SVC bağlı olduğu durumda, sistemin maksimum yüklenme kapasitesi incelenmiş ve bu durumun gerilim kararlılığına olan etkileri analiz edilmiştir. Tüm analizler MATLAB® PSAT (Power System Analysis Toolbox) programında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan analizler hat kopmasının maksimum yüklenme kapasitesini azalttığını ve gerilim kararlılığını bozduğunu göstermiştir. Güç sistemine SVC entegrasyonu ile her iki sorunun da düzeltilebileceği gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hat kopması
• Gerilim kararlılığı
• Maksimum Yüklenme Kapasitesi
• SVC
• PSAT.

Investigation of Disruptive Effect on Voltage Stability Caused by Line Contingency in Power Systems and Improvement of System Stability

Öz

There are many situations that cause voltage instability in power systems. One of these situations is line contingency that may occur in power systems. In this study, the effects of line contingency on the steady state are investigated in the IEEE 9 buses power system. Firstly, the static and dynamic analyses of the power system are made in normal operating condition. Continuous power flow analysis was used as static analysis and time domain simulation method were used as dynamic analysis. Then each transmission line is deactivated and the analyses are repeated. The changes in the maximum loading capacity and voltage stability of the system are investigated in case of each transmission line contingency. Finally, Static Var Compensator (SVC) is connected to the power system to improve the stability level. When the SVC is connected to the power system, the maximum loading capacity of the system is examined and the effects of this situation on the voltage stability are analyzed. All analyses are performed in the MATLAB® PSAT (Power System Analysis Toolbox). The results showed that the line contingency reduces the maximum loading capacity and deteriorates the voltage stability. It has been observed that both the problems can be eliminated with the SVC integration into the power system.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Line contingency
• Voltage stability
• Maximum Loading Capacity
• SVC
• PSAT

Kaynakça

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