Car Parking Regulations Intended for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 15, 505 - 510, 31.03.2019

Ali Öz

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.541828

Öz

 

While improvement
works for internal combustion engines intended for decreasing exhaust gases
which cause on-road vehicles based climate change are going on, the use of
alternative fuel and alternative energy resources is on the increase. But there
are certain criteria to negotiate for this kind of vehicles to be approved.
These are the constraints such as; high initial investment cost for vehicles,
limited fuel storage capacities and limited range. In addition to these, the
problems such as safety and liability, high fuel filling costs, limited
fuel/charging stations, infrastructure (network improvement) investments,
developments in current trends mustn’t be ignored. In addition to conventional
petrol and diesel engines, hybrid and full electric vehicle practices are
becoming widespread in today’s cars. Another issue is that cars are parked
during 90-95% of the day and parking functions require a number of structural
changes. In this context, charging units and safe parking conditions are
required to be provided in the parking lots in order to perform the charging
operations of full electric vehicles (BEV), and especially rechargeable hybrids
(PHEV, ReEV, EREV and RXBEV). In this study, the safety and functional
integrity of external rechargeable hybrid and electric vehicles and charging
units as well as parking lots will be examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, car park

Hibrid ve Elektrikli Araçlara Yönelik Otopark Düzenlemeleri

Öz

Karayolu araçları odaklı iklim değişikliğine
neden olan egzoz gazlarının azaltılmasına yönelik içten yanmalı motorlarda
iyileştirme çalışmaları bir taraftan devam ederken, bir diğer taraftan
alternatif yakıtların ve enerji kaynaklarının kullanılması da gittikçe artan
bir evreye girmiştir. Ancak bu tür araçların kabul görebilmesine yönelik
aşılması gereken bazı kısıtlar da bulunmaktadır. Bunlar; taşıtlar için yüksek
ilk yatırım maliyeti, sınırlı yakıt depolama durumları ve sınırlı menzil gibi
sorunlar kısıt olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bunlara ilave olarak emniyet ve
yükümlülük konuları, yüksek yakıt dolum maliyetleri, sınırlı dolum/şarj
istasyonları, altyapı (şebeke iyileştirme) yatırımları, mevcut trendlerdeki
gelişmeler gibi aşılması gereken sorunların da olduğu göz ardı edilmemelidir.
Günümüz otomobillerinde konvansiyonel benzin, dizel motorlara ek olarak hibrid
ve tam elektrikli araç uygulamaları da yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bir başka hususta otomobillerin
günün yaklaşık %90-95’ini park halinde geçiriyor olması, parkların işlevlerinde
de bir takım yapısal değişikleri gerektirmektedir. Bu bağlamda özellikle şarj
edilebilir hibridler (PHEV, ReEV, EREV ve RXBEV)
ile tam elektrikli araçların (BEV) şarj işlemlerinin
gerçekleştirilebilmesi için park alanlarına konuşlandırılacak şarj üniteleri ve
güvenli park koşullarının oluşturulması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada harici şarj
edilebilir hibrid ve elektrikli araçlar ile şarj üniteleri ve otopark üçlüsünün
güvenlik ve işlevsel açıdan bütünselliği irdelenecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hibrid taşıtlar, elektrikli taşıtlar, otopark

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