Efficiency Assessment of Hydroelectric Power Plant in Turkey by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

Yıl 2019, Özel Sayı 2019, 34 - 45, 31.10.2019

Şeyma Emeç , Tuba Adar , Gökay Akkaya , Elif Kılıç Delice

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.594716

Cited By: 1

Öz

Renewable energy resources are increasingly used
due to the reasons such as limited reserves of fossil energy sources, causing
environmental problems, causing economic and political reasons foreign
dependence and price instabilities. Nowadays, hydraulic, wind, solar,
geothermal and biomass energy are the most widely used renewable energy sources.
Hydroelectric power is a clean and renew-able energy source. Hydroelectric
power plants (HEPPs) are the plants constructed to obtain electricity by
benefiting from the flow energy of water. Moreover, hydroelectric power is a
source with Turkey’s largest renewable energy potential. Meeting approximately
20.81% of the energy consumed in Turkey from hydroe-lectric power plants makes
this energy source even more important. In this study, efficiencies of 51
hydroelectric power plants constructed in Turkey were assessed by using Data
Envelopment Analysis (DEA). In accordance with this purpose, three input
variables and two output variables were used. Efficiency measurement was
performed by using CCR model developed by Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes. The
improvement rates that inefficient power plants should apply to input and
output variables in order to reach the efficiency limit, were determined by DEA
method. As a consequence, the efficiencies of HEPP plants with 32% of Turkey’s
total installed power were tried to be measured by using DEA model in this
study. In application, DEA model was operated separately for 51 HEPP power
plants and the models were solved by using GAMS package program. When the
results obtained were examined, it was observed that 19,61% of 51 HEPP power
plants were operating effectively. Suggestions for improvement are presented
for inefficient HEPP power plants.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Renewable energy, Hydroelectric power plants, Efficiency analysis, Data envelopment analysis, Performance evaluation

Türkiye'deki Hidroelektrik Santrallerin Etkinliklerinin Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) ile Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Enerji ihtiyacı nüfusun sürekli artması ve
teknolojide yaşanan gelişmeler doğrultusunda artmaktadır. Enerji, üretim,
tarım, ulaşım her türlü sektörün temel girdilerindendir. Fosil enerji kaynaklarının rezervlerinin sınırlı olması, çevre
sorunlarına yol açması, dışa bağımlılıkta ekonomik ve siyasi nedenlere yol
açması ve fiyat istikrarsızlıkları gibi nedenlerden dolayı yenilenebilir enerji
kaynakları kullanımı gittikçe artmaktadır.
Hidrolik, rüzgar, güneş, jeotermal
ve biyokütle enerjisi, günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılan yenilenebilir enerji
kaynaklarıdır. Hidroelektrik enerji temiz ve yenilenebilir bir enerji
kaynağıdır. Hidroelektrik santraller (HES) ise, suyun akış enerjisinden
faydalanılarak, elektrik enerjisi elde etmek için kurulan santrallerdir.
Ayrıca, hidroelektrik enerji Türkiye’nin en büyük yenilenebilir enerji
potansiyeline sahip olan kaynaktır. Türkiye’de tüketilen enerjinin yaklaşık %20,81’inin
hidrolik santrallerinden karşılanması bu enerji kaynağını daha da önemli hale
getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki kurulu 51 adet Hidroelektrik
santralinin etkinlikleri Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) kullanılarak
değerlendirilmiştir.  Bu amaç doğrultusunda,
üç girdi iki çıktı değişkeni belirlenmiştir. Etkinlik ölçümü, Charnes, Cooper
ve Rhodes'un geliştirdiği CCR modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. VZA yöntemiyle, etkin olmayan santrallerin
etkinlik sınırına ulaşabilmeleri için girdi ve çıktı değişkenlerinde
gerçekleştirmeleri gereken iyileştirme oranları saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada, Türkiye toplam kurulu gücünün %32'sine sahip
HES santrallerinin etkinlikleri Veri Zarflama Analizi modeli kullanılarak
ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Uygulamada VZA modeli 51 adet HES santrali için ayrı
ayrı çalıştırılmış ve GAMS paket programı kullanılarak modeller çözülmüştür.
Elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde 51 adet HES santralden %19,61’ü
etkin bir şekilde çalıştığı gözlenmiştir. Etkin olmayan HES santralleri için
ise geliştirmeye yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yenilenebilir enerji, Hidroelektrik enerji santralleri, Etkinlik analizi, Veri zarflama analizi, Performans değerlendirme

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