Endemik ve Tıbbi Bir Bitki Olan Hypericum adenotrichum Spach’ın In Vitro Çimlenme ve Fide Gelişimi

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 23, 440 - 447, 30.04.2021

Bengi Erdağ

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.878367

Öz

Bu çalışmada, endemik ve tıbbı bir bitki olan Hypericum Adenotrichum Spach’ın in vitro tohum çimlenmesi ve fide gelişimi için uygun bir yöntem geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Stratifikasyon, ışık, karanlık, farklı sıcaklık ve farklı besin ortamlarının, H. Adenotrichum’un tohum çimlenmesini etkilediği tespit edildi. En yüksek çimlenme değeri, steril edilen tohumların 2 ay süre ile 4ºC’de stratifikasyon uygulamasının ardından 18 º C’de 16/8 fotoperiyot altında ¼ MS/Galzy besi ortamında inkübe edilmesi ile elde edildi. Çoğunlukla inkübasyonun 7. Gününde radikula çıkışı gözlemlenen tohumlar, fide gelişimi için farklı in vitro besi ortamlarına aktarıldı (22 º C and 16/8 fotoperiot). En yüksek fide başına ortalama sürgün sayısı, ortalama yan kök sayısı, ortalama sürgün uzunluğu ve sürgün başına ortalama yaprak sayısına sahip olduğu için ¼ MS/Galzy ortamının fidelerin gelişimi için en uygun ortam olduğu tespit edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hypericum adenotrichum, endemic, germination, in vitro

Destekleyen Kurum

Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi

Proje Numarası

FBE-09013

Teşekkür

Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimine teşekkürü bir borç biliriz

In Vitro Germination and Seedling Development of An Endemic Medicinal Plant Hypericum adenotrichum Spach

Öz

In this study, it has been aimed to describe an appropriate procedure for in vitro seed germination and seedling development of H. adenotrichum which is an endemic plant under in vitro conditions. It has been determined that stratification, light, dark, different temperature and different nitruent media have effects on seed germination. The highest germination value has been held when sterilized seeds were incubated in ¼ MS/Galzy nitruent medium under 16/8 photoperiod and 18 º C conditions after stratification at 4ºC for 2 months. The seeds having emerged radicles were transferred different in vitro media (22 º C and 16/8 photoperiod) on mainly 7th days of incubation. ¼ MS/Galzy medium was found to be the most suitable media for seedling development because it has the highest number of shoots per seedling, mean number of lateral roots, mean length of shoots and number of leaves per shoots.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hypericum adenotrichum, endemic plant, in vitro, seedling, MS

Proje Numarası

FBE-09013

Kaynakça

• Wartidiningsih, N., Geneve, R.L., & Kester, S.T. (1994). Osmotic priming or chilling stratification improves seed germination of purple coneflower. HortScience HortSci, 29(12), 1445-1448.
• Bewley, J.D., & Black, M. (1994). Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination (2nd ed.). Plenum Press, New York, 445 p.
• Fay, M.F. (1994). In what situation is in vitro culture appropriate to plant conservation?. Biodivers Conserv, 3, 176-183. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291887.
• Erdağ, B., Emek Y., & Aydoğan, S.K. (2010). Clonal propagation of Dorystoechas hastata via axillary shoot proliferation. Turkish Journal of Botany, 34(3) 233-240. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-0906-36.
• Kurt, S., & Erdağ, B. (2009) In vitro germination and axillary shoot propagation of Centaurea zeybekii. Biologia, 64(1), 97-101. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-009-0003-0
• Özkan, E.E, Demirci, B, Gürer, Ç.Ü, Kültür, Ş., Mat, A., & Başer, K.H.C. (2013). Essential oil composition of five endemic Hypericum species from Turkey. Med Aromat Plants 2(2), 121. https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0412.1000121.
• Crockett, S.L., Schaneberg, B., & Khan, I.A. (2005). Phytochemical profiling of new and old world Hypericum (St. John's Wort) species. Phytochem. Anal. 16(6), 479–485. https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.875.
• Çırak, C., Ivanauskasb, L., Janulisb, V., & Radusiene, J. (2009). Chemical constituents of Hypericum adenotrichum Spach, an endemic Turkish species. Natural Product Research, 23(13), 1189-1195. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410802393209
• Yamaner, Ö., Erdağ, B., & Gökbulut, C. (2013). Stimulation and production of hypericins in in vitro seedlings of Hypericum adenotrichum by some biotic elicitors. Turkish Journal of Botany, 37(1), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1202-1.
• Yamaner, Ö., & Erdağ, B. (2013). Effects of sucrose and polyethylene glycol on hypericins content in Hypericum adenotrichum. Eurasia J Biosci., 7(1), 101-110.
• Yamaner, Ö., Erdağ, B. (2018). Chrome elicitation for secondary metabolites stimulation in Hypericum adenotrichum Spach. European J Biotechnol Biosci. 6(5), 52-55.
• Schmidt, L., & Joker, D. (2001). Technical note no. 59 – Glossary of seed biology and technology. Danida Forest Seed Centre, Humlebaek, Denmark p.14.
• ISTA (International Seed Testing Association) (1999). Biochemical test for viability. Seed Science and Technology, 27, supplement.
• Murashige, T., & Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, 15(3), 473–497.
• Gamborg, O.L., Miller, R.A., & Ojima, K. (1968). Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Experimental Cell Research, 50(1), 151- 158.
• Galzy, R. (1964). Technique de thermothérapie des viroses de la vigne. Ann Epiphyties, 15(3), 245-256.
• Avşar, M.D. (2002). Dallı Servide (Cupressus sempervirens L. var. horizontalis (Mill.) Gord.) suda yüzdürme ile dolu tohumların ayrılabilmesinde yüzdürme tekniği ve süresinin etkileri. KSÜ Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 5(2), 28-36.
• Arechiga, M.R., Alam, O.S., & Carlos, V.Y. (1997). Effect of light on germination of seven species of cacti from the Zapotitlan Valley in Puebla, Mexico. Journal of Arid Environments, 36(4) 571-578.
• Baskin, C.C., & Baskin, J.M. (1988). Germination ecophysiology of herbaceous plant species in a temperature region. American Journal of Botany, 75(2) 286-305. https://doi.org/10.2307/2443896
• Colbach, N., Chauvel, B., Dürr, C., & Richard, G. (2002). Effect of environmental conditions on Alopecurus myosuroides germination. I. Effect of temperature and light. Weed Research, 42(3), 210-221.
• Thanos, C.A., Marcou, S., Christodoulakis, & D., Yannitsaros, A. (1989). Early post-fire regeneration in Pinus brutia forest ecosystems of Samos Island (Greece). Acta Oecologica Oecol. Plantarum, 10(1), 79-94.
• Felippe, G.M. (1978). Estudos de germinacao, crescimento e floracao de Bidens pilosa L. Revista do Museo Paulista, 25, 183-217.
• Farmer, R.E., Charrette, P., Searle, I.E., & Trajan, D.P. (1984). Interaction of light, temperature and chilling in the germination of black spruce. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 14(1), 131-133.
• Amritphale, D., Iyengar, S., & Sharma, R.K. (1989). Effect of light and storage temperature on seed germination in Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Haines. Journal of Seed Technology, 13(1), 39-44.
• Willis, A.J., Groves, R.H., & Ash, J.E. (1997). Seed ecology of Hypericum gramineum, an Australian Forb. Australian Journal of Botany, 45(6), 1009-1022
• Faron, M., Perecin, M., Lago, A., Bovi, & O., Maia, N. (2004). Temperatura, Nitrato de Potássio e Fotoperíodo na germinação de sementes de Hypericum perforatum L. e H. brasiliense Choisy. Bragantia, 63(2), 193-199.
• Guedes, A. P. (2009). Essential oils from plants and in vitro shoot cultures of Hypericum androsaemum L., H. perforatum L. and H. undulatum Schousboe ex. Willd. Universidade do Minho, PhD thesis, Portugal.
• Perez-Garcia, F., Huertas, M., Mora, E., Pena, B., Varela, F., & Gonzalez-Benito, M.E. (2006). Hypericum perforatum L. seed germination: interpopulation variation and effect of light, temperature, presowing treatments and seed desiccation. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 53: 1187–1198.
• Çırak, C., Kevseroğlu, K., & Ayan, A.K., (2007). Breaking of seed dormancy in a Turkish endemic Hypericum species: Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum by light and some pre-soaking treatments. Journal of Arid Environments, 68, 159–164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-005-2012-3.
• Hartmann, H.T., & Kester, D.E. (1990). Plant propagation: principles and practies (2nd ed.). Prentice Hall, California, p. 770.
• Rehman, S., & Park, H. (2000). Effect of scarification, GA and chilling on the germination of golden-tree (Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.) seeds. Scientia Horticulturae, 85(4) 319-324.
• Osińska, E., & Suchorska-Tropiło, K. (2002). The effect of temperature on seed germination of four species of Hypericum genus. Folia Horticulturae, 14(2), 163-167.
• Greenway, H., & Munns, R. (1980). Mechanisms of salt tolerance in non-halophytes. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 31, 149–190.
• Fadel, D., Kintzios, S., Economou, A.S., Moschopoulou G., & Constantinidou, H.I.A. (2010). Effect of different strength of medium on organogenesis, phenolic accumulation and antioxidant activity of spearmint (Mentha spicata l.). The Open Horticulture Journal, 3, 31-35.
• Beyl, C.A. (2005). Getting Started with Tissue Culture: Media Preparation, Sterile Technique, and Laboratory Equipment. In: Plant Development and Biotechnology. (Gray, D.J., & Trigiano, R.N., Ed.), CRC Pres, U.S.A, p.19-37.
• Rahman, M., Soomro, U.A., Zahoor-ul-Haq, M., & Gul, S. (2008). Effects of NaCl salinity on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 4 (3), 398-403.
• Kaymakanova, M. (2009). Effect of salinity on germination and seed physiology in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 23(2), 326-329.
• Jamil, M., Lee, D.B., Jung, K.Y., Ashraf, M., Chun Lee, S., & Rha, E. (2006). Effect of salt (NaCl) stress on germination and early seedling growth of four vegetables species. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 7(2), 273-282.
• Ebrahim, N., Shibli, R., Makhadmeh, I., Shatnawi, M., & Abu-Ein, A. (2007). In vitro propagation and in vivo acclimatization of three coffee cultivars (Coffea arabica L.) from Yemen. World Applied Sciences Journal, 2(2), 142-150.
• Chawla, H.S. (2002). Introduction to Plant Biotechnology (2nd ed.). Science Publishers Inc., Enfield, New Hampshire, p. 750.
• Al-Khayri, J.M. (2001). Optimization of biotin and thiamine requirements for somatic embryogenesis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 37, 453-456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-001-0079-x.