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İmalat Çeliğinin Açısal Sert Dolgu Prosesinde Artık Gerilmelerin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 33, 318 - 322, 31.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.955391

Öz

Bu çalışmada, düz plakalardaki sert dolgu prosesinin açısal kaynak dikişleri sonucunda oluşan kalıcı gerilme ve deformasyonlar incelenmiştir. Sonlu elemanlar yöntemiyle yapılan çalışmada sıcaklık dağılımları, gerilme dağılımları ve kalıcı deformasyonlar hesaplanmıştır. Doğrulama maksadıyla literatürdeki deneyler kullanılmıştır. Deneysel ve model sonuçları arasında çok yüksek bir uyum elde edilmiştir. Daha önceki çalışmalarda sadece boyuna ve enine kaynak dikişleri incelendiğinden, açısal kaynak dikişlerinin gerilme ve deformasyonlara nasıl etki edeceği bu çalışmada ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca kaynak prosesi sonrasında soğuma zamanı dikkate alınarak gerilmelerdeki değişiklikler de hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular arasında; uzun kaynak dikişlerinin daha yüksek sıcaklıklara, deformasyonlara ve gerilmelere neden olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca soğuma sonrasında gerilmelerin hem çekme hem de basma anlamında daha da arttığı görülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Goldak J, Chakravarti A, Bibby M. “A new finite element model for welding heat sources”. Metallurgical. Transactions. B, 15B, 299-302, 1984.
  • Arora H, Singh R, Brar GS. “Prediction of temperature distribution and displacement of carbon steel plates by FEM”. Materials Today: Proceedings, 18, 3380-3386, 2019.
  • Chen BQ, Hashemzadeh M, Soares CG. “Numerical and experimental studies on temperature and distortion patterns in butt-welded plates”. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, 72 (5–8), 1121–1131, 2014.
  • Ghosh A, Chattopadhyaya S. “Conical gaussian heat distribution for submerged arc welding process”. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technology, 1(1), 109–123, 2010.
  • Hashemzadeh M, Chen BQ, Soares CG. “Comparison between different heat source types in thin-plate welding simulation”. Developments in Maritime Transportation and Exploitation of Sea Resources - Proceedings of IMAM 2013, 15th International Congress of the International Maritime Association of the Mediterranean, Coruna, Spain, 14-17 October 2013.
  • Varma Prasad VM, Joy Varghese VMJ, Suresh MR, Kumar DS. “3D simulation of residual stress developed during TIG welding of stainless steel pipes”. Procedia Technologies, 24, 364–371, 2016.
  • Xavier CR, Junior HGD, Castro JAD. “An experimental and numerical approach for the welding effects on the duplex stainless steel microstructure”. Materials Research, 18(3), 489-502, 2015.
  • Zubairuddin M, Albert SK, Vasudevan M, Mahadevan S, Chaudhari V, Suri VK. “Numerical simulation of multi-pass GTA welding of grade 91 steel”. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 27, 87-97, 2017.
  • Kaptanoğlu M ,Odabaşı A, Aydoğmuş Z. “Prediction of optimal process parameters in hardfacings obtained by using submerged arc welding technique”. Harran Üniversitesi Mühendislik Dergisi, 1(1), 25-35, 2016.
  • Lazić V, Arsić D, Nikolić RR, Hadzima B. “Experimental determination of residual stresses in the hard-faced layers after hard-facing and tempering of hot work steels”. Procedia Engineering, 153, 392-399, 2016.
  • Lazić V, Arsić D, Nikolić RR, Hadzima B. “Experimental determination of deformations of the hard faced samples made of steel for operati2015, ng at elevated temperatures”. Procedia Engineering, 111, 495-501, 2015.
  • Savaş A. “Investigating the thermal and structural responses in hard-facing application with the GTAW process,” Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 59(3), 343-353, 2021.
  • Zargar SH, Farahani M, Givi MKB. “Numerical and experimental investigation on the effects of submerged arc welding sequence on the residual distortion of the fillet welded plates”. Procedia International Mechanical Engineering Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 230(4), 654-661, 2016.
  • Günay D, Elmas M, Aydemir A, Çağlar N, Özer H. “Stress analysis in the transverse fillet weld joints”. Pamukkale University Engineering College Journal of Engineering, 3(2), 323–330, 1997.
  • Savaş A. “Selection of welding conditions for minimizing the residual stresses and deformations during hard-facing of mild steel”. Brodogradnja, 72(1), 1-18, 2021.
  • Savaş A. “Analysis of the permanent stresses and distortions during the autogenous GTAW process”. World Journal of Engineering 18(2), 361–370, 2020.

Investigating the Residual Stresses During Angular Hard Facing of Mild Steel

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 33, 318 - 322, 31.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.955391

Öz

In this study, permanent stress and deformations resulting from angular weld seams of the hardfacing process in flat plates were investigated. Temperature distributions, stress distributions, and permanent deformations were calculated in the study carried out with the finite element method. Experiments in the literature were used for validation. A very high agreement was obtained between the experimental and model results. Since only longitudinal and transverse welds were examined in previous studies, how angular welds will affect stress and deformations has been demonstrated in this study. In addition, the changes in stresses were calculated considering the cooling time after the welding process. Among the findings, it has been observed that long weld seams cause higher temperatures, deformations, and stresses. In addition, after cooling, it is seen that the stresses increase even more in terms of both tension and compression.

Kaynakça

  • Goldak J, Chakravarti A, Bibby M. “A new finite element model for welding heat sources”. Metallurgical. Transactions. B, 15B, 299-302, 1984.
  • Arora H, Singh R, Brar GS. “Prediction of temperature distribution and displacement of carbon steel plates by FEM”. Materials Today: Proceedings, 18, 3380-3386, 2019.
  • Chen BQ, Hashemzadeh M, Soares CG. “Numerical and experimental studies on temperature and distortion patterns in butt-welded plates”. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, 72 (5–8), 1121–1131, 2014.
  • Ghosh A, Chattopadhyaya S. “Conical gaussian heat distribution for submerged arc welding process”. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technology, 1(1), 109–123, 2010.
  • Hashemzadeh M, Chen BQ, Soares CG. “Comparison between different heat source types in thin-plate welding simulation”. Developments in Maritime Transportation and Exploitation of Sea Resources - Proceedings of IMAM 2013, 15th International Congress of the International Maritime Association of the Mediterranean, Coruna, Spain, 14-17 October 2013.
  • Varma Prasad VM, Joy Varghese VMJ, Suresh MR, Kumar DS. “3D simulation of residual stress developed during TIG welding of stainless steel pipes”. Procedia Technologies, 24, 364–371, 2016.
  • Xavier CR, Junior HGD, Castro JAD. “An experimental and numerical approach for the welding effects on the duplex stainless steel microstructure”. Materials Research, 18(3), 489-502, 2015.
  • Zubairuddin M, Albert SK, Vasudevan M, Mahadevan S, Chaudhari V, Suri VK. “Numerical simulation of multi-pass GTA welding of grade 91 steel”. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 27, 87-97, 2017.
  • Kaptanoğlu M ,Odabaşı A, Aydoğmuş Z. “Prediction of optimal process parameters in hardfacings obtained by using submerged arc welding technique”. Harran Üniversitesi Mühendislik Dergisi, 1(1), 25-35, 2016.
  • Lazić V, Arsić D, Nikolić RR, Hadzima B. “Experimental determination of residual stresses in the hard-faced layers after hard-facing and tempering of hot work steels”. Procedia Engineering, 153, 392-399, 2016.
  • Lazić V, Arsić D, Nikolić RR, Hadzima B. “Experimental determination of deformations of the hard faced samples made of steel for operati2015, ng at elevated temperatures”. Procedia Engineering, 111, 495-501, 2015.
  • Savaş A. “Investigating the thermal and structural responses in hard-facing application with the GTAW process,” Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 59(3), 343-353, 2021.
  • Zargar SH, Farahani M, Givi MKB. “Numerical and experimental investigation on the effects of submerged arc welding sequence on the residual distortion of the fillet welded plates”. Procedia International Mechanical Engineering Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 230(4), 654-661, 2016.
  • Günay D, Elmas M, Aydemir A, Çağlar N, Özer H. “Stress analysis in the transverse fillet weld joints”. Pamukkale University Engineering College Journal of Engineering, 3(2), 323–330, 1997.
  • Savaş A. “Selection of welding conditions for minimizing the residual stresses and deformations during hard-facing of mild steel”. Brodogradnja, 72(1), 1-18, 2021.
  • Savaş A. “Analysis of the permanent stresses and distortions during the autogenous GTAW process”. World Journal of Engineering 18(2), 361–370, 2020.
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Atilla Savaş 0000-0001-6900-3259

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Ocak 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 33

Kaynak Göster

APA Savaş, A. (2022). Investigating the Residual Stresses During Angular Hard Facing of Mild Steel. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(33), 318-322. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.955391