The effect of crump weir's geometry changes on hydraulic flow characteristics: A review
Yıl 2024,
Sayı: 53, 168 - 175, 15.02.2024
Arwa Mola
,
Ahmed Y. Mohammed
Öz
Water is one of the natural resources that man has known since ancient times and relied on daily. Its availability is an urgent necessity to sustain life and achieve human development. It is the prima food source for many people who live near the river and depend on fishing and agriculture for their livelihood. Therefore, dams are built across rivers to store water and create an artificial lake behind the dam to provide and utilize water and increase the discharge. The current studies focus on one of these types of weirs, the crump weir. Some of these studies deal with adding changes to the geometric shape, such as adding holes with different numbers, changing the height, making the weir in a V-shape, and changing the angle of inclination before and after the weir using artificial intelligence technology. The results showed an increase in the discharge coefficient (Cd) and the flow energy dissipation.
Kaynakça
- Malla Obaida. Arwa Abdul Razzaq Jamal, Effect of Hydraulic Variables on the Scour For Piano Key Weir Type C. M.Sc. thesis, Department of Dams And Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Mosul, (2021).
- K.Pathirana, M. Munas, and A. L. A. Jaleel. "Discharge coefficient for sharp-crested side weir in supercritical flow." J. Institution Eng 39, no. 2, 2006: 17-24.
- C. Rickard, R. Day, J. Purseglove, River Weirs – Good Practice Guide. Environment Agency, Rio House, Waterside Drive, Aztec West, Almondsbury, Bristol. 2003.
- H. H. Bengtson, Sharp-Crested Weirs for Open Channel Flow Measurement. 2011.
- M. Razi, M. Adib, D. Tjahjanto, W. Mohamed, W. Afnizan, S.N. Husin, Evaluation of unsteady open channel flow characteristics over a crump weir. In International Conference on Civil Engineering Practice (ICCE08), Kuantan, Pahang, (2008).
- A. G.Adeogun, A. A. Mohammed. Review of methods of measuring streamflow using hydraulic structures. In Hydraulic Structures-Theory and Applications. IntechOpen, 2019.
- E. S. Crump, A new method of gauging stream flow with little afflux using a submerged weir of triangular profile. Proc. Inst, of Civ. Engrs., 1(1),223-242, 1952.
- J.Tummers, Evaluating the effectiveness of restoring longitudinal connectivity for fish migration and dispersal in impacted river systems (Doctoral dissertation, Durham University). 2016.
- W.R. White, R. Iredale, G. Armstrong, Fishpasses at flow measurement structures. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Water Management, vol. 159, no. 3, pp. 165-171. Thomas Telford Ltd, 2006.
- H. Al-Naely, A. Majdi, Z. A, Al-Khafaji, study of the development of the traditional Crump Weir by Adding Opening Holes within the weir body.
- Anonymous. Edwin Samuel Crump, Who Was Who. London: Black. p. 263. 1972.
- Wodd Meteorological Organization Use of Weirs and Flumes in Stream Gauging Technical Note No. 117, Report of the Commission for Hydrology, WMO-No. 26. TP, Geneva: Switzerland p 27, 1971.
- A. Chadwick, J. Morfett, M. Borthwick, Hydraulics in Civil and Environmental Engineering. 4th ed. Pondicherry, India: Integra Software Services Pvt. Limited; 2004.
- P. Wessels, A. Rooseboom, Flowgauging structures in South African rivers Part 2: Calibration. Water SA, 35(1), 2009:11–19.
- H. Richard, French, "Open-Channel Hydraulics. McGraw Hill, Civil Engineering Series. 1985: Page; 1-24, 325-365, 393-365.
- A. Maritz, F. Van Vuuren, modelling of composite type variation of the Crump weir. environmental engineering. Civil Engineering Siviele Ingenieurswese, 2015(7), 2015: 36-45.
- K. John Vennard, L. Robert, Street, Elementary Fluid Mechanics. Sixth Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 1982.
- R. Silesh I, Flow Over a Crump Weir. The University of Alabama. Alabama, 2009.
- J. N. Hussein, Experimental study of height and surface roughness effects of crump weirs on overflow characteristics. Journal of Babylon University/ Engineering Sciences, 22(4), 2014: 845-859.
- H. AL-Naely, Z. Al-Khafaji, S. Khassaf, Effect of Opening Holes on the Hydraulic Performance for Crump Weir. International Journal of Engineering (IJE), IJE TRANSACTIONS C: Aspects 31 (12), 2018: pp:2022-2027.
- R J, Keller, Sloping Crest Crump Weir Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 115 (2) 1989: pp: 231–238.
- H. M. M. Al-Khateeb, J. H, Sahib, H. H. H, Al-Yasisri, An experimental study of flow over V-shape crump weir crest. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 584, 2019, August: No. 1, p. 012060). IOP Publishing.
- R. J. Keller, Sloping Crest Crump W E I R. University of Leeds, Copyright ASCE, 2015.
- J. A, Hudson, Choice and Calibration of Stream Flow Structures for Two Mountain Experimental Basins Flow measurement and instrumentation. IAHS Publ. no. 193, 1990.
- S. N. Hassan, The Effect of Total Solids on the Discharge Coefficient of Spillway, Broad crested weir and Crump weir, Environmental Engineering Department College of Engineering University of Al-Mustansiriya Baghdad. Iraq, 2013.
- A. Al-Shukur M. Al-jumaily, Z. Shaker, Experimental investigation of flow characteristics over crump weir with Different conditions. Saudi Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2(10), 2017: 373-379.
- S. Khalifa, Y. Adeogun, B. K. Ismail, A. Ajibike, M. A., M. M, Muhammad, Performance Evaluation of Flow over Crumhilppolkm. 2022.
- S A, Servais, Physical modelling of low-cost modifications to the Crump weir to improve fish passage: Development of favorable swimming conditions and investigation of the hydrometric effect PhD. Thesis, Engineering Systems Department, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, England,2006.
- A. B rakeni, E. Filippov, M.Meridja, flow through crump weir . larhss Journal, (38), 2019: P-ISSN 1112-3680/E-ISSN 2521-9782, 93-102.
- B. Achour, T. Bouziane, K. Nebbar, Debitmetre tringulare a paroi epaisse dans un canal rectangular (Première partie). Larhyss LARHYSS Journa, 2003: P-ISSN 1112-3680/E-ISSN 2521-9782, (2).
The effect of crump weir's geometry changes on hydraulic flow characteristics: A review
Yıl 2024,
Sayı: 53, 168 - 175, 15.02.2024
Arwa Mola
,
Ahmed Y. Mohammed
Öz
Water is one of the natural resources that man has known since ancient times and relied on daily. Its availability is an urgent necessity to sustain life and achieve human development. It is the prima food source for many people who live near the river and depend on fishing and agriculture for their livelihood. Therefore, dams are built across rivers to store water and create an artificial lake behind the dam to provide and utilize water and increase the discharge. The current studies focus on one of these types of weirs, the crump weir. Some of these studies deal with adding changes to the geometric shape, such as adding holes with different numbers, changing the height, making the weir in a V-shape, and changing the angle of inclination before and after the weir using artificial intelligence technology. The results showed an increase in the discharge coefficient (Cd) and the flow energy dissipation.
Kaynakça
- Malla Obaida. Arwa Abdul Razzaq Jamal, Effect of Hydraulic Variables on the Scour For Piano Key Weir Type C. M.Sc. thesis, Department of Dams And Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Mosul, (2021).
- K.Pathirana, M. Munas, and A. L. A. Jaleel. "Discharge coefficient for sharp-crested side weir in supercritical flow." J. Institution Eng 39, no. 2, 2006: 17-24.
- C. Rickard, R. Day, J. Purseglove, River Weirs – Good Practice Guide. Environment Agency, Rio House, Waterside Drive, Aztec West, Almondsbury, Bristol. 2003.
- H. H. Bengtson, Sharp-Crested Weirs for Open Channel Flow Measurement. 2011.
- M. Razi, M. Adib, D. Tjahjanto, W. Mohamed, W. Afnizan, S.N. Husin, Evaluation of unsteady open channel flow characteristics over a crump weir. In International Conference on Civil Engineering Practice (ICCE08), Kuantan, Pahang, (2008).
- A. G.Adeogun, A. A. Mohammed. Review of methods of measuring streamflow using hydraulic structures. In Hydraulic Structures-Theory and Applications. IntechOpen, 2019.
- E. S. Crump, A new method of gauging stream flow with little afflux using a submerged weir of triangular profile. Proc. Inst, of Civ. Engrs., 1(1),223-242, 1952.
- J.Tummers, Evaluating the effectiveness of restoring longitudinal connectivity for fish migration and dispersal in impacted river systems (Doctoral dissertation, Durham University). 2016.
- W.R. White, R. Iredale, G. Armstrong, Fishpasses at flow measurement structures. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Water Management, vol. 159, no. 3, pp. 165-171. Thomas Telford Ltd, 2006.
- H. Al-Naely, A. Majdi, Z. A, Al-Khafaji, study of the development of the traditional Crump Weir by Adding Opening Holes within the weir body.
- Anonymous. Edwin Samuel Crump, Who Was Who. London: Black. p. 263. 1972.
- Wodd Meteorological Organization Use of Weirs and Flumes in Stream Gauging Technical Note No. 117, Report of the Commission for Hydrology, WMO-No. 26. TP, Geneva: Switzerland p 27, 1971.
- A. Chadwick, J. Morfett, M. Borthwick, Hydraulics in Civil and Environmental Engineering. 4th ed. Pondicherry, India: Integra Software Services Pvt. Limited; 2004.
- P. Wessels, A. Rooseboom, Flowgauging structures in South African rivers Part 2: Calibration. Water SA, 35(1), 2009:11–19.
- H. Richard, French, "Open-Channel Hydraulics. McGraw Hill, Civil Engineering Series. 1985: Page; 1-24, 325-365, 393-365.
- A. Maritz, F. Van Vuuren, modelling of composite type variation of the Crump weir. environmental engineering. Civil Engineering Siviele Ingenieurswese, 2015(7), 2015: 36-45.
- K. John Vennard, L. Robert, Street, Elementary Fluid Mechanics. Sixth Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 1982.
- R. Silesh I, Flow Over a Crump Weir. The University of Alabama. Alabama, 2009.
- J. N. Hussein, Experimental study of height and surface roughness effects of crump weirs on overflow characteristics. Journal of Babylon University/ Engineering Sciences, 22(4), 2014: 845-859.
- H. AL-Naely, Z. Al-Khafaji, S. Khassaf, Effect of Opening Holes on the Hydraulic Performance for Crump Weir. International Journal of Engineering (IJE), IJE TRANSACTIONS C: Aspects 31 (12), 2018: pp:2022-2027.
- R J, Keller, Sloping Crest Crump Weir Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 115 (2) 1989: pp: 231–238.
- H. M. M. Al-Khateeb, J. H, Sahib, H. H. H, Al-Yasisri, An experimental study of flow over V-shape crump weir crest. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 584, 2019, August: No. 1, p. 012060). IOP Publishing.
- R. J. Keller, Sloping Crest Crump W E I R. University of Leeds, Copyright ASCE, 2015.
- J. A, Hudson, Choice and Calibration of Stream Flow Structures for Two Mountain Experimental Basins Flow measurement and instrumentation. IAHS Publ. no. 193, 1990.
- S. N. Hassan, The Effect of Total Solids on the Discharge Coefficient of Spillway, Broad crested weir and Crump weir, Environmental Engineering Department College of Engineering University of Al-Mustansiriya Baghdad. Iraq, 2013.
- A. Al-Shukur M. Al-jumaily, Z. Shaker, Experimental investigation of flow characteristics over crump weir with Different conditions. Saudi Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2(10), 2017: 373-379.
- S. Khalifa, Y. Adeogun, B. K. Ismail, A. Ajibike, M. A., M. M, Muhammad, Performance Evaluation of Flow over Crumhilppolkm. 2022.
- S A, Servais, Physical modelling of low-cost modifications to the Crump weir to improve fish passage: Development of favorable swimming conditions and investigation of the hydrometric effect PhD. Thesis, Engineering Systems Department, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, England,2006.
- A. B rakeni, E. Filippov, M.Meridja, flow through crump weir . larhss Journal, (38), 2019: P-ISSN 1112-3680/E-ISSN 2521-9782, 93-102.
- B. Achour, T. Bouziane, K. Nebbar, Debitmetre tringulare a paroi epaisse dans un canal rectangular (Première partie). Larhyss LARHYSS Journa, 2003: P-ISSN 1112-3680/E-ISSN 2521-9782, (2).