THE EFFECT OF GRAPHENE OXIDE ON THE STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF YTTRIUM FERRITE BASED NANOPOWDERS

Abstract

In this study, Yttrium Ferrite based nano electroceramics were prepared by the doping at various ratios of graphene oxide by the hydrothermal method. The obtained doped and undoped samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR, DTA, UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy, temperature dependent electrical resistance changes and dielectric measurements. From the XRD results, it is observed that the obtained samples are polycrystalline with an Orthorhombic structure. The crystal parameters are changed with the doping of graphene oxide. FTIR spectra indicate that the graphene oxide changes the peak intensities. This confirms the incorporation of the graphene oxide into the ceramic structure. The doping of the graphene oxide changes the optical band gaps of the samples. The dielectric constants of the samples are changed with the graphene oxide. The DC electrical conductivity measurements confirm the semiconducting behavior of the samples. The obtained results indicate that the electronic and nanostructure of the synthesized electroceramics can be controlled by the doping of graphene oxide for electronic and energy applications.

Keywords

• Hydrothermal method,Graphene oxide,Hummers method,Nano electroceramic,structural properties

References

1. [1] . Aydin, H.; El-Nasser, H. M.; Aydin, C.; Al-Ghamdi, A. A.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured undoped and Sn-doped ZnO thin films via sol-gel approach. Applied Surface Science, 350, (2015), pp.109-114.
2. [2] . Ahmad, T.; Lone, I. H.; Ansari, S. G.; Ahmed, J.; Ahamad, T.; Alshehri, S. M. Multifunctional properties and applications of yttrium ferrite nanoparticles prepared by citrate precursor route. Materials & Design, 126, (2017), pp. 331-338.
3. [3] . Zhang, C.; Wang, Z.; Yan, H.; Wang, X.; Kang, D.; Li, L. Structural and magnetic properties in YFe0.8Mn0.2O3 ceramics. Materials Letters, 136, (2014), pp. 15-17.
4. [4] . Zhang, Y.; Yang, J.; Xu, J.; Gao, Q.; Hong, Z. Controllable synthesis of hexagonal and orthorhombic YFeO3 and their visible-light photocatalytic activities. Materials Letters, 81, (2012), pp. 1-4.
5. [5] . Shen, T.; Hu, C.; Yang, W. L.; Liu, H. C.; Wei, X. L. Theoretical investigation of magnetic, electronic and optical properties of orthorhombic YFeO3: A first-principle study. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 34, (2015), pp. 114-120.
6. [6] . Ding, J.; Lü, X.; Shu, H.; Xie, J.; Zhang, H. Microwave-assisted synthesis of perovskite ReFeO3 (Re: La, Sm, Eu, Gd) photocatalyst. Materials Science and Engineering: B ,171,(2010), pp. 31-34.
7. [7] . Grabowska, E. Selected perovskite oxides: Characterization, preparation and photocatalytic properties—A review. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 186, (2016) , pp. 97-126.
8. [8] . Racu, A. V.; Ursu, D. H.; Kuliukova, O. V.; Logofatu, C.; Leca, A.; Miclau, M. Direct low temperature hydrothermal synthesis of YFeO3 microcrystals. Materials Letters, 140, (2015) ,pp.107-110.

9. [9] . Jabbarzare, S.; Abdellahi, M.; Ghayour, H.; Chami, A.; Hejazian, S. Mechanochemically assisted synthesis of yttrium ferrite ceramic and its visible light photocatalytic and magnetic properties. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 688, (2014), pp. 1125-1130.
10. [10] . Stevens, F.; Cloots, R.; Poelman, D.; Vertruyen, B.; Henrist, C. Low temperature crystallization of yttrium orthoferrite by organic acid-assisted sol–gel synthesis. Materials Letters, 114, (2014), pp. 136-139.
11. [11] . Zhang, Y.; Feng, J.; Xu, J.; Chen, G.; Hong, Z. Solvothermal Synthesis and Visible-Light Driven Photocatalytic Properties of YFeO3 Nanoparticles. Integrated Ferroelectrics, 151, (2014), pp. 108-115.
12. [12] . Cho, Y. S.; Burdick, V. L.; Amarakoon, V. R. Hydrothermal preparation and morphology characteristics of Y3Fe5O12. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 80, (1997), pp. 1605-1608.
13. [13] . Al-Hazmi, F. S.; Al-Ghamdi, A. A.; Bronstein, L. M.; Memesh, L. S.; Shokr, F. S.; Hafez, M. The influence of sintering temperature on the structure, optical and magnetic properties of Yttrium iron oxide YFeO3 prepared via Lα-alanine assisted combustion method. Ceramics International, 43, (2017), pp. 8133-8138.
14. [14] . Lü, X.; Xie, J.; Shu, H.; Liu, J.; Yin, C.; Lin, J. Microwave-assisted synthesis of nanocrystalline YFeO3 and study of its photoactivity. Materials Science and Engineering: B, 138, (2007), pp. 289-292.
15. [15] . Aydin, C.; El-Nasser, H. M.; Yakuphanoglu, F.; Yahia, I. S.; Aksoy, M. Nanopowder synthesis of aluminum doped cadmium oxide via sol-gel calcination processing. Journal of Alloys and Compounds , 509, (2011), pp. 854-858.
16. [16] . Aydin, C.; Al-Hartomy, O. A.; Al-Ghamdi, A. A.; Al-Hazmi, F.; Yahia, I. S.; El-Tantawy, F.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Controlling of crystal size and optical band gap of CdO nanopowder semiconductors by low and high Fe contents. Journal of Electroceramics, 29, (2012), pp. 155-162.
17. [17] . Aydin, C.; Mansour, S. A.; Alahmed, Z. A.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Structural and optical characterization of sol-gel derived boron doped Fe2O3 nanostructured films. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology , 62, (2012), pp. 397-403.
18. [18] . Aydin, H.; Aydin, C.; Al-Ghamdi, A. A.; Farooq, W. A.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Refractive index dispersion properties of Cr-doped ZnO thin films by sol-gel spin coating method. Optik , 127, (2016), pp. 1879-1883.
19. [19] . Aydin, C.; Khusayfan, N. M.; Al-Ghamdi, A. A.; El-Tantawy, F.; Farooq, W. A.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Facile synthesis, electrical and optical properties of Cu-doped GaN nanorods by sol-gel technique. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 78, (2016) pp. 68-75.
20. [20] . Aydin, C.; Benhaliliba, M.; Al-Ghamdi, A. A.; Gafer, Z. H.; El-Tantawy, F.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Determination of optical band gap of ZnO:ZnAl2O4 composite semiconductor nanopowder materials by optical reflectance method. Journal of Electroceramics, 31, (2013), pp. 265-270.
21. [21] . Aydin, H.; Mansour, S. A.; Aydin, C.; Al-Ghamdi, A. A.; Al-Hartomy, O. A.; El-Tantawy, F.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Optical properties of nanostructure boron doped NiO thin films. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 64, (2012), pp. 728-733.
22. [22] . Orhan, A.; Aydin, C.; Aydin, H.; Al-Ghamdi, A. A.; El-Tantawy, F.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Synthesis and optical properties of iron doped gallium nitride nanostructures by sol gel method. Microsystem Technologies-Micro-and Nanosystems-Information Storage and Processing Systems, 21, (2015) pp. 1219-1224.
23. [23] . Benhaliliba, M.; Benouis, C. E.; Yakuphanoglu, F.; Tiburcio-Silver, A.; Aydin, C.; Hamzaoui, S.; Mouffak, Z. Detailed investigation of submicrometer-sized grains of chemically sprayed (Sn1-xAlx, O-2) (0 <= x <= 0.085) thin films. Journal of Alloys and Compounds , 527, (2015), pp. 40-47.
24. [24] . Guler, O.; Guler, S. H.; Yo, F.; Aydin, H.; Aydin, C.; El-Tantawy, F.; Duraia, E. M.; Fouda, A. N. Electrical and Optical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites Prepared by Ball Mill Technique. Fullerenes Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 23, (2015) pp. 865-869.
25. [25] . Wang, M.; Wang, T.; Song, S. H.; Ravi, M.; Liu, R. C.; Ji, S. S. Effect of calcination temperature on structural, magnetic and optical properties of multiferroic YFeO3 nanopowders synthesized by a low temperature solid-state reaction. Ceramics International , 43, (2017), pp. 10270-10276.
26. [26] . Kaygili, O.; Dorozhkin, S. V.; Ates, T.; Canan Gursoy, N.; Keser, S.; Yakuphanoglu, F.; Birkan Selçuk, A. Structural and dielectric properties of yttrium-substituted hydroxyapatites. Materials Science and Engineering: C , 47, (2015), pp. 333-338.
27. [27] . Kaygili, O.; Tatar, C.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Structural and dielectrical properties of Mg3–Ca3(PO4)2 bioceramics obtained from hydroxyapatite by sol–gel method. Ceramics International, 38, (2012), pp. 5713-5722.
28. [28] . Kaygili, O.; Keser, S.; Ates, T.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Synthesis and characterization of lithium calcium phosphate ceramics. Ceramics International , 39, (2013), pp. 7779-7785.[29] . Aydin, C.; Abd El-sadek, M. S.; Zheng, K. B.; Yahia, I. S.; Yakuphanoglu, F. Synthesis, diffused reflectance and electrical properties of nanocrystalline Fe-doped ZnO via sol-gel calcination technique. Optics and Laser Technology, 48, (2013), pp. 447-452.
29. [30] . Aydın, C. Synthesis of SnO2:rGO nanocomposites by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and change of the morphology, structural, optical and electrical properties. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 771, (2019), pp. 964-972.
30. [31] . Aydin, C. Synthesis of Pd:ZnO nanofibers and their optical characterization dependent on modified morphological properties. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 777, (2019), pp. 145-151.
31. [32] . Aydın, H.; Yakuphanoglu, F.; Aydın, C. Al-doped ZnO as a multifunctional nanomaterial: Structural, morphological, optical and low-temperature gas sensing properties. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 773, (2019), pp. 802-811.
32. [33] . Aydin, H.; Gündüz, B.; Aydin, C. Surface morphology, spectroscopy, optical and conductivity properties of transparent poly(9-vinylcarbazole) thin films modified with graphene oxide. Synthetic Metals, 252, (2019), pp. 1-7.
33. [34] . Aydin, C.; Aydin, H.; Taskin, M.; Yakuphanoglu, F. A Novel Study: The Effect of Graphene Oxide on the Morphology, Crystal Structure, Optical and Electrical Properties of Lanthanum Ferrite Based Nano Electroceramics Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , 19, (2019), pp. 2547-2555.
34. [35] . Aydin, C. The functionalization of morphological, structural and optical properties of Fe doped SnO2 nanocrystals synthesized by the sol–gel method. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 29, (2018), pp. 20087-20096.
35. [36] . Aydin, C. Tin Oxide Based Nano Electroceramics Obtained from Sol–Gel Process: The Modified of the Structural and Opto-Electrical Properties with the Al Doping. Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics, 13, (2018), pp. 1460-1467.
36. [37] . Aydın, C. Variation of structural and electrical properties of gallium nitride-based nanomaterials with nickel dopant at different atomic ratios. Ceramics International, 44, (2018), pp.17473-17478.