Smart Ships in Maritime Transportation: The Perspective of Ship Captains

Abstract

The importance of "smart" ships in maritime transportation, which are defined as "unmanned", "uncrewed" or "autonomous" ships, controlled remotely with the help of smart decision support sensors and devices, is increasing day by day. In this study; within the main content of using mentioned smart ships in maritime transportation, subcontents of the effects of smart ships on potential ship accidents, changes in the amount of cargo that can be transported and unemployment of seafarers were examined via ship captains. In the study; phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research models was used and the collection of data was provided by a questionnaire and document analysis technique consisting of open-ended questions prepared within the interview technique. The main findings obtained as a result of the interpretation of the collected data with content and descriptive analysis methods are that smart ships will reduce potential grounding and collision type accidents, but they will almost not affect potential fire accidents, will increase the accident types of potential flooding / sinking and damage to the load. In addition, versatile seafarers will be needed in every situation and the amount of cargo to be transported will not be affected.

Keywords

• Smart ship
• unmanned ship
• autonomous ship
• ship management

Deniz Taşımacılığında Akıllı Gemiler: Gemi Kaptanlarının Bakış Açısı

Öz

Deniz taşımacılığında “insansız”, “mürettebatsız”, “özerk” veya “otonom” gemi, kavramları ile de ifade edilen, akıllı karar destek sensörleri ve cihazları yardımıyla uzaktan kumandalı “akıllı” gemilerin önemi her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bahse konu akıllı gemilerin deniz taşımacılığında kullanılması ana teması dâhilinde; akıllı gemilerin olası gemi kazalarına etkileri, taşınabilecek yük miktarının değişimi, gemi adamlarının işsiz kalması alt temaları, gemi kaptanlarının bakış açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma modellerinden olgu bilim deseni kullanılmış olup, verilerin toplanması, görüşme tekniği dâhilinde hazırlanan açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan anket ve doküman analizi tekniği ile sağlanmıştır. Toplanan verilerin içerik ve betimsel analiz yöntemleri ile yorumlanması sonucunda elde edilen başlıca bulgular, akıllı gemilerin olası karaya oturma ve çatma türü kazaları azaltacağı, olası yangın kazasına neredeyse etkisi olmayacağı, ancak olası su alma / batma ve yükün zarar görmesi kaza türlerini ise arttıracağı yönündedir. Bunun yanı sıra yönetici düzeyinde çok yönlü gemi adamlarına her durumda ihtiyaç olacağı ve taşınacak yük miktarının ise etkilenmeyeceği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akıllı gemi
• insansız gemi
• özerk gemi
• otonom gemi
• gemi yönetimi

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