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Finansal Başarısızlık ve KPI Puanları Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi: SASB Ulaşım Sektöründe Bir Uygulama

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 38, 265 - 288, 28.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/ekoist.2023.38.1249214

Öz

Şirketler faaliyetlerini gerçekleştirirken ekonomik dalgalanmalar ve krizler sebebiyle finansal sıkıntılarla karşılaşabilirler. Bu duruma düşmek istemeyen şirketler için finansal yöntemler geliştirilmiştir. Şirketlerin yayınladıkları finansal raporlar finansal başarısızlığın belirlenmesinde temel oluşturmakla birlikte iklim değişikliği, küresel ısınma gibi çevresel sorunlar finansal olmayan raporlara olan talebi arttırmıştır. Böylece finansal raporlara ek olarak ekolojik ve çevre odaklısorunlarının belirlenmesi için sürdürülebilirlik raporlarına ihtiyaç duymuşlardır. Şirketler sürdürülebilirlik raporları sayesinde paydaşlara ve ilgili gruplara yenilikçi ve çevreci yaklaşımlarını paydaşlara açıklamışlardır. Şirketlerin sürdürülebilirlik raporları yayınlaması ile hem müşteri profilini hem de şirketin itibarını arttırdığı düşünülmektedir. Sürdürülebilirlik muhasebesi ve raporlaması ile ilgili konuların paydaşlara aktarılmasında Sürdürülebilirlik Muhasebe Standartları Kurulu (SASB) çatı görevi görmektedir. SASB, 11 sektör ve 77 endüstri dalında sürdürülebilirlik muhasebesi standartları geliştirmek için faaliyet gösteren bir kuruluştur. Çalışmada öncelikle SASB’da yer alan 11 sektörden ulaşım sektörü seçilmiş ve sürdürülebilirlik ölçüm parametreleri (KPI) belirlenmiştir. Ardından, SASB - KPI puanları ile finansal başarısızlık olasılıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmek amacıyla, ekonomik KPI göstergesi olarak finansal tablolar seçilmiştir. Uygulama aşamasında ulaşım sektöründe 43 şirket mevcut olup, 40 şirketin verisine ulaşılmıştır. Ancak bir şirket 2017 yılında kurulduğundan değerlendirmeye alınmamış, kalan 39 adet şirketin 2016-2020 yılları arasında yayınladıkları beş yıllık finansal tablolar esas alınmıştır. Şirketlerin finansal başarısızlık göstergesi olarak bağımlı- bağımsız değişkenler seçilmiş, logit ve probit modeller uygulanarak, sonuçlar yorumlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Aktaş, R. Doğanay M., & Yıldız B. (2003) Mali Başarısızlığın Öngörülmesi: İstatistiksel Yöntemler ve Yapay Sinir Ağları Karşılaştırılması, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, Erişim Adresi: https:// dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/36158 google scholar
  • Awad, M. & Khanna, R. (2015). Efficient Learning Machines: Theories, Concepts, And Applications For Engineers And System Designers, New York, Apress Media google scholar
  • Blattberg, R C., Kim B. & Neslin S. (2008). Database Marketing Analyzing and Managing Customers, USA, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC google scholar
  • Brocket, A. & Rezaee, Z. (2012). Corporate Sustainability: İntegrating Performance and Reporting, USA, John Wiley & Sons. google scholar
  • Brooks, C. (2008). İntroductory Econometrics for Finance Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Chen, P., Frohn, J. (2002). Goodness of Fit Measures and Model Selection in Qualitative Response Models. In: google scholar
  • Klein, I., Mittnik, S. (eds) Contributions to Modern Econometrics. Dynamic Modeling and Econometrics in Economics and Finance, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3602-1_4 google scholar
  • Cleophas T. J, & . Zwinderman, A. H. (2015). Machine Learning in Medicine - a Complete Overview, Switzerland, Springer İnternational Publishing google scholar
  • Dissanayake, D.(2020) Sustainability key performance indicators and the global reporting initiative: usage and challenges in a developing country context, Emerald Publishing Limited google scholar
  • EPA. (12.07.2020). https://www.epa.gov/sustainability/learn-about-sustainability#what google scholar
  • Franceschini, F., Maurizio, G, & Domenico, M. (2007). Management By Measurement Designing Key İndicators and Performance Measurement Systems, Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Springer. google scholar
  • Fülöp, G & Hernadi, B. (2013). Sustainability Accounting: A Success Factor In Corporate Sustainability Strategy New Challenges Of Economic And Business Development, 229241. Erişim Adresi: https://www.bvef.lu.lv/fileadmin/user_upload/lu_portal/projekti/bvef/ konferences/konference_2013/rep ort/2Session/Fulop_Hernadi.pdf google scholar
  • Garson, D. (2014). Logistics Regression Binary & multinomial Statistical USA Associates Publishing. google scholar
  • Gujarati, D. (2004). Basic econometrics:Student solutions manual for use with Basic econometrics McGraw-Hill, Güriş, S. Çağlayan E. & Güriş, B. (2020). R ile Temel Ekonometri, Der Yayınları:İstanbul. google scholar
  • Güriş, S. & Çağlayan E. (2010) Ekonometri Temel Kavramlar İstanbul, Der Yayınları. google scholar
  • Güriş, S. , Çağlayan Akay, E. , Ün, T. & Kızılarslan, Ş. (2017). Multivariate Probit Modeli ile Finansal Başarısızlığın Yeniden İncelenmesi: Borsa İstanbul Örneği . Sosyal Bilimler Araştırma Dergisi , 6 (3) , 199-210 . Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ssrj/issue/31284/348491 google scholar
  • Hair, J. F, Jr.. Black W., Babin B.J, & Anderson R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis, Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate google scholar
  • Hardle, W. K., & Simar L. (2015). Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelber. Harrell, F. E. (2015). Regression Modeling Strategies With Applications to Linear Models, Logistic and Ordinal Regression, and Survival Analysis, Springer İnternational Publishing Switzerland google scholar
  • Hawkins, D. (2006). Corporate Social Responsibility Balancing Tomorrow’s Sustainability And Today’s Profitability, New York Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
  • Heiberger, R.M, & Holland, B. (2015). Statistical Analysis and Data Display An İntermediate Course with Examples in R, Springer Science+Business Media, New York google scholar
  • Hilbe, J. M. (2015). Practical Guide to Logistic Regression CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton. google scholar
  • Husein, M. F. & Pambekti, G. T. (2014) Precision of the models of Altman, Springate, Zmijewski, and Grover for predicting the financial distress, Journal of Economics, Business, and Accountancy Ventura Vol. 17, No. 3, December, http://dx.doi.org/10.14414/jebav.v17i3.362 google scholar
  • Idowu, S.O., Capaldi, N. & Schmidpeter, R. (2017). Dimensional Corporate Governance: An Inclusive Approach in Summary. In: Capaldi, N., Idowu, S., Schmidpeter, R. (eds) Dimensional Corporate Governance. CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance. Springer, Cham. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-319-56182-0_17 google scholar
  • Kleinbaum,D, G. & Klein, M. (2002). Logistic Regression A Self-Learning Text, Springer-Verlag New York. KPI, (22.11 2020). https://kpiinstitute.org/history/ google scholar
  • Lodhia, S. & Nigel, M., (2014). Corporate Sustainability Indicators: an Australian Mining Case Study. Journal of Cleaner Production 84 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.05.050 google scholar
  • Öktem, B.(2018). Sürdürülebilirlik Raporlaması, İstanbul, Türkmen Kitabevi. google scholar
  • Pampel, F.C. (2000). Logistic Regression A Primer Sage Publications International Educational And Professional Publisher Thousand Oaks London google scholar
  • Paulen, B. & Jeff, F. (2009). Pro SQL Server 2008 Analytics Delivering Sales and Marketing Dashboards, New York Apress Springer-Verlag. google scholar
  • Pilot, M. J. (2015). Driving Sustainability To Business Success, Hoboken, New Jersey John Wiley & Sons, İnc google scholar
  • Platt, H. & Platt, M. B. (2002). Predicting Corporate Financial Distress: Reflections On Choice-Based Sample Bias, Journal Of Economics And Finance, Volume 26 Number 2 Summer, https:// doi.org/10.1007/BF02755985 google scholar
  • Rencher, A. C & Schaalje G.B. (2008) Linear Models İn Statistics, John Wiley & Sons, İnc., Hoboken. google scholar
  • Samsonowa, T.(2012). Industrial Research Performance Management Key Performance İndicators in the İCT İndustry, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. google scholar SASB, (03.06.2020) https://www.sasb.org/investor-use/ google scholar
  • SASB, (03.06.2020). https://www.sasb.org/governance/#1494450643529-b800512a-ba91 google scholar
  • SASB, (10.03.2022) https://www.sasb.org/about/ google scholar
  • SASB. (03.06.2020). https://www.sasb.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/SASB-Conceptual-Framework.pdf google scholar
  • Schaltegger, S & Wagner, M. (2006). Integrative Management Of Sustainability Performance, Measurement And Reporting International Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Performance Evaluation Vol. 3, No. 1 https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAAPE.2006.010098 google scholar
  • Sustaınability Accounting Standard (22.01.2021) SICS-Industry-List 2018. https://www.sasb.org/ google scholar
  • Villiers, C.D & Warren, M. (2018) Introduction To Sustainability Accounting And Integrated Reporting, Sustainability Accounting And Integrated Reporting, New York Routledge , Taylor & Francis google scholar
  • Wooldridgre, J.M. (2013) Introductory Econometrics , USA South-Western google scholar

Analyzing the Relationship Between Financial Failure and KPI Score: An Application in the SASB Transportation Sector

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 38, 265 - 288, 28.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/ekoist.2023.38.1249214

Öz

Companies can encounter financial difficulties while carrying out their activities due to economic fluctuations and crises. Financial methods have been developed for companies that want to avoid this situation. In addition to the financial reports companies publish forming the basis for identifying financial failure, environmental problems such as climate change and global warming have increased the demand for non-financial reports as well. Thus, sustainability reports are needed in addition to financial reports in order to determine a company’s ecological and environmentoriented problems. Companies use sustainability reports to announce their innovative and environmentalist approaches to stakeholders and related groups, and publishing sustainability reports is thought to allow companies to increase both their customer profiles as well as their reputation. The Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) acts as a framework with regard to how to convey to stakeholders issues related to sustainability accounting and reporting. SASB is an organization that operates to develop sustainability accounting standardsin 11 sectors and 77 industry branches. The currentstudy hasselected the transportation sector from among those in SASB and has identified sustainability measurement parameters in terms of key performance indicators (KPIs). In order to analyze the relationship between SASB’s KPI scores and the likelihood of financial failure, the study has chosen financial statements as the economic KPI indicator. During the implementation phase, the study reached out to 43 companies in the transportation sector and accessed data from 40 companies. However, one company was not taken into consideration due to having been founded in 2017; thus, the implementation is based on the remaining 39 companies’ five-year financial statements published between 2016-2020. The study also selected dependent and independent variables as indicators of companies’ financial failure and interpreted the results by applying logit and probit models.

Kaynakça

  • Aktaş, R. Doğanay M., & Yıldız B. (2003) Mali Başarısızlığın Öngörülmesi: İstatistiksel Yöntemler ve Yapay Sinir Ağları Karşılaştırılması, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, Erişim Adresi: https:// dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/36158 google scholar
  • Awad, M. & Khanna, R. (2015). Efficient Learning Machines: Theories, Concepts, And Applications For Engineers And System Designers, New York, Apress Media google scholar
  • Blattberg, R C., Kim B. & Neslin S. (2008). Database Marketing Analyzing and Managing Customers, USA, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC google scholar
  • Brocket, A. & Rezaee, Z. (2012). Corporate Sustainability: İntegrating Performance and Reporting, USA, John Wiley & Sons. google scholar
  • Brooks, C. (2008). İntroductory Econometrics for Finance Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Chen, P., Frohn, J. (2002). Goodness of Fit Measures and Model Selection in Qualitative Response Models. In: google scholar
  • Klein, I., Mittnik, S. (eds) Contributions to Modern Econometrics. Dynamic Modeling and Econometrics in Economics and Finance, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3602-1_4 google scholar
  • Cleophas T. J, & . Zwinderman, A. H. (2015). Machine Learning in Medicine - a Complete Overview, Switzerland, Springer İnternational Publishing google scholar
  • Dissanayake, D.(2020) Sustainability key performance indicators and the global reporting initiative: usage and challenges in a developing country context, Emerald Publishing Limited google scholar
  • EPA. (12.07.2020). https://www.epa.gov/sustainability/learn-about-sustainability#what google scholar
  • Franceschini, F., Maurizio, G, & Domenico, M. (2007). Management By Measurement Designing Key İndicators and Performance Measurement Systems, Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Springer. google scholar
  • Fülöp, G & Hernadi, B. (2013). Sustainability Accounting: A Success Factor In Corporate Sustainability Strategy New Challenges Of Economic And Business Development, 229241. Erişim Adresi: https://www.bvef.lu.lv/fileadmin/user_upload/lu_portal/projekti/bvef/ konferences/konference_2013/rep ort/2Session/Fulop_Hernadi.pdf google scholar
  • Garson, D. (2014). Logistics Regression Binary & multinomial Statistical USA Associates Publishing. google scholar
  • Gujarati, D. (2004). Basic econometrics:Student solutions manual for use with Basic econometrics McGraw-Hill, Güriş, S. Çağlayan E. & Güriş, B. (2020). R ile Temel Ekonometri, Der Yayınları:İstanbul. google scholar
  • Güriş, S. & Çağlayan E. (2010) Ekonometri Temel Kavramlar İstanbul, Der Yayınları. google scholar
  • Güriş, S. , Çağlayan Akay, E. , Ün, T. & Kızılarslan, Ş. (2017). Multivariate Probit Modeli ile Finansal Başarısızlığın Yeniden İncelenmesi: Borsa İstanbul Örneği . Sosyal Bilimler Araştırma Dergisi , 6 (3) , 199-210 . Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ssrj/issue/31284/348491 google scholar
  • Hair, J. F, Jr.. Black W., Babin B.J, & Anderson R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis, Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate google scholar
  • Hardle, W. K., & Simar L. (2015). Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelber. Harrell, F. E. (2015). Regression Modeling Strategies With Applications to Linear Models, Logistic and Ordinal Regression, and Survival Analysis, Springer İnternational Publishing Switzerland google scholar
  • Hawkins, D. (2006). Corporate Social Responsibility Balancing Tomorrow’s Sustainability And Today’s Profitability, New York Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
  • Heiberger, R.M, & Holland, B. (2015). Statistical Analysis and Data Display An İntermediate Course with Examples in R, Springer Science+Business Media, New York google scholar
  • Hilbe, J. M. (2015). Practical Guide to Logistic Regression CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton. google scholar
  • Husein, M. F. & Pambekti, G. T. (2014) Precision of the models of Altman, Springate, Zmijewski, and Grover for predicting the financial distress, Journal of Economics, Business, and Accountancy Ventura Vol. 17, No. 3, December, http://dx.doi.org/10.14414/jebav.v17i3.362 google scholar
  • Idowu, S.O., Capaldi, N. & Schmidpeter, R. (2017). Dimensional Corporate Governance: An Inclusive Approach in Summary. In: Capaldi, N., Idowu, S., Schmidpeter, R. (eds) Dimensional Corporate Governance. CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance. Springer, Cham. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-319-56182-0_17 google scholar
  • Kleinbaum,D, G. & Klein, M. (2002). Logistic Regression A Self-Learning Text, Springer-Verlag New York. KPI, (22.11 2020). https://kpiinstitute.org/history/ google scholar
  • Lodhia, S. & Nigel, M., (2014). Corporate Sustainability Indicators: an Australian Mining Case Study. Journal of Cleaner Production 84 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.05.050 google scholar
  • Öktem, B.(2018). Sürdürülebilirlik Raporlaması, İstanbul, Türkmen Kitabevi. google scholar
  • Pampel, F.C. (2000). Logistic Regression A Primer Sage Publications International Educational And Professional Publisher Thousand Oaks London google scholar
  • Paulen, B. & Jeff, F. (2009). Pro SQL Server 2008 Analytics Delivering Sales and Marketing Dashboards, New York Apress Springer-Verlag. google scholar
  • Pilot, M. J. (2015). Driving Sustainability To Business Success, Hoboken, New Jersey John Wiley & Sons, İnc google scholar
  • Platt, H. & Platt, M. B. (2002). Predicting Corporate Financial Distress: Reflections On Choice-Based Sample Bias, Journal Of Economics And Finance, Volume 26 Number 2 Summer, https:// doi.org/10.1007/BF02755985 google scholar
  • Rencher, A. C & Schaalje G.B. (2008) Linear Models İn Statistics, John Wiley & Sons, İnc., Hoboken. google scholar
  • Samsonowa, T.(2012). Industrial Research Performance Management Key Performance İndicators in the İCT İndustry, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. google scholar SASB, (03.06.2020) https://www.sasb.org/investor-use/ google scholar
  • SASB, (03.06.2020). https://www.sasb.org/governance/#1494450643529-b800512a-ba91 google scholar
  • SASB, (10.03.2022) https://www.sasb.org/about/ google scholar
  • SASB. (03.06.2020). https://www.sasb.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/SASB-Conceptual-Framework.pdf google scholar
  • Schaltegger, S & Wagner, M. (2006). Integrative Management Of Sustainability Performance, Measurement And Reporting International Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Performance Evaluation Vol. 3, No. 1 https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAAPE.2006.010098 google scholar
  • Sustaınability Accounting Standard (22.01.2021) SICS-Industry-List 2018. https://www.sasb.org/ google scholar
  • Villiers, C.D & Warren, M. (2018) Introduction To Sustainability Accounting And Integrated Reporting, Sustainability Accounting And Integrated Reporting, New York Routledge , Taylor & Francis google scholar
  • Wooldridgre, J.M. (2013) Introductory Econometrics , USA South-Western google scholar
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ekonometri (Diğer)
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESI
Yazarlar

Buse Öktem 0000-0003-4541-0313

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Temmuz 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Sayı: 38

Kaynak Göster

APA Öktem, B. (2023). Finansal Başarısızlık ve KPI Puanları Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi: SASB Ulaşım Sektöründe Bir Uygulama. EKOIST Journal of Econometrics and Statistics(38), 265-288. https://doi.org/10.26650/ekoist.2023.38.1249214