Araştırma Makalesi
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Mortalite ve Prim Marjının Sigorta Sözleşmesinin Finansal Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi: UFRS 17 Kapsamı

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 42, 36 - 50, 25.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.26650/ekoist.2025.42.1536663

Öz

Uluslararası Finansal Raporlama Standardı (UFRS) 17, sigorta sözleşmelerinin muhasebeleştirilmesine yönelik kapsamlı ve önemli değişiklikler getiren bir düzenlemedir. 2017 yılında Uluslararası Muhasebe Standartları Kurulu (International Accounting Standards Board - IASB) tarafından yayımlanan bu standart, sigorta şirketlerinin mali tablolarında şeffaflık ve tutarlılığı artırmayı hedefleyen yeni muhasebe ilkeleri sunmaktadır. UFRS 17, sigorta sözleşmelerinin tanınması, ölçülmesi ve raporlanmasına dair önemli yenilikler getirerek, primlerin ve tazminat yükümlülüklerinin muhasebeleştirilme süreçlerini derinlemesine etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, UFRS 17 çerçevesinde, mortalite yapısı ve prim marjının sigorta sözleşmelerinin finansal performansı üzerindeki etkileri, demografik yapıları farklılık gösteren sekiz ülke özelinde ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın temel amacı, UFRS 17’nin sigorta sektöründe getirdiği yeniliklerin, farklı demografik yapıya sahip ülkelerdeki sigorta sözleşmelerinin finansal sonuçlarına yansımalarını ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla, her bir ülkenin mortalite yapıları, nüfus dinamiklerini modellemek için yaygın olarak kullanılan Lee - Carter Modeli aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen mortalite tahminleri, yaşam olasılıkları ve ömür beklentilerini içeren simülasyonlarla desteklenmiş, bu simülasyonlar önümüzdeki 20 yıl için olası demografik değişiklikleri yansıtacak şekilde kurgulanmıştır. Simülasyon verileri kullanılarak hayat sigortası alanında bir uygulama gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu uygulama, UFRS 17’nin öngördüğü muhasebe ilkeleri doğrultusunda gelecekteki nakit akışlarını ve finansal performansı modellemek amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları, mortalite oranlarındaki değişikliklerin ve prim marjlarının sigorta sözleşmelerinin finansal performansı üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkiler yarattığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Biffis, Enrico, & Michel Denuit., (2006). Lee-Carter Goes Risk-Neutral. Cass Business School Research Paper. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ ssrn.848304 google scholar
  • Chevallier, F., E. Dal Moro, Y. Krvavych, & I. Rudenko. (2018). Probability of Sufficiency of the Risk Margin for Life Companies under IFRS 17. 31st International Congress of Actuaries. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3192502 google scholar
  • Denuit, Michel. (2008). Comonotonic approximations to quantiles of life annuity conditional expected present value. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 42(2), 831-838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2007.09.006 google scholar
  • England, P. D., R. J. Verrall, & M. V. Wüthrich. (2019). On the lifetime and one-year views of reserve risk, with application to IFRS 17 and solvency II Risk Margins. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 85,74–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2018.12.002 google scholar
  • Engsner, Hampus, Kristoffer Lindensjö, & Filip Lindskog. (2020). The Value of a Liability Cash Flow in Discrete Time Subject to Capital Requirements. Finance Stoch, 24, 125–167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00780-019-00408-0 google scholar
  • Engsner, Hampus, Mathias Lindholm, & Filip Lindskog.(2017). Insurance valuation: a computable multi-period cost-of-capital approach. google scholar
  • Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 72,250–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2016.12.002 google scholar
  • Fleischmann, Anselm & Hirz, Jonas. (2018, July 29). The IFRS17 Guide for the Perplexed Actuary. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ ssrn.3222293 google scholar
  • IASB(2017a). (2017). IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts. International Accounting Standards Board. google scholar
  • IASB(2017c). (2017). IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts:Basis for Conclusions. International Accounting Standards Board. google scholar
  • Lazoǧlu, Çiǧdem, and Uǧur Karabey. 2024). Evaluating the ımpact of stochastic ınterest rates and COVID-19 on financial performance under IFRS 17. Journal of Demographic Economics, Published online 2024:1^20. https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2024.25 google scholar
  • Lee, Ronald D., & Lawrence R. Carter. (1992). Modeling and forecasting U. S. Mortality. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 87(419), 659–671. https://doi.org/10.2307/2290201 google scholar
  • Mack, Thomas. (1993). Distribution-Free Calculation of the Standard Error of Chain Ladder Reserve Estimates. ASTIN Bulletin 23(2), 213– 225. https://doi.org/10.2143/AST.23.2.2005092 google scholar
  • Merz, M., & M. V Wüthrich. (2008). Modelling the Claims Development Result for Solvency Purposes. CAS E-Forum 542–568. google scholar
  • OECD Data. Retrieved from https://data.oecd.org/healthstat/life-expectancy-at-65.htm#indicator-chart google scholar
  • Palmborg, Lina, Mathias Lindholm, & Filip Lindskog. (2021). Financial position and performance in IFRS 17. Scandinavian Actuarial google scholar
  • Journal, 2021(3),171–197. https://doi.org/10.1080/03461238.2020.1823464 google scholar
  • Richards, S. J., & I. D. Currie. (2009). Longevity risk and annuity pricing with the lee-carter model. British Actuarial Journal 15(2),317-343. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357321700005675 google scholar
  • The Human Mortality Database. Retrieved from https://www.mortality.org/ google scholar

The Impact of Mortality and Premium Margin on the Financial Performance of the Insurance Contract: IFRS 17 Framework

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 42, 36 - 50, 25.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.26650/ekoist.2025.42.1536663

Öz

The International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 17 is a regulation that introduces comprehensive and significant changes to the accounting for insurance contracts. Published by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in 2017, this standard presents new accounting principles aimed at enhancing transparency and consistency in insurance companies’ financial statements. IFRS 17 introduces important innovations in the recognition, measurement, and reporting of insurance contracts, profoundly affecting the accounting processes for premiums and compensation liabilities. This study examines, within the framework of IFRS 17, the impact of mortality structures and premium margins on the financial performance of insurance contracts, focusing on eight countries with different demographic structures. The main objective of the research is to reveal how the innovations introduced by IFRS 17 reflect on the financial outcomes of insurance contracts in countries with diverse demographic profiles. To achieve this, the mortality structures of each country have been analysed using the widely used Lee-Carter model to model population dynamics. The resulting mortality forecasts were supported by simulations of life probabilities and life expectancies, designed to reflect potential demographic changes over the next 20 years. Using the simulation data, a simple application in the field of life insurance was carried out, which was used to model future cash flows and financial performance in accordance with IFRS 17's accounting principles. The findings of the study reveal that changes in mortality rates and premium margins have statistically significant effects on the financial performance of insurance contracts.

Kaynakça

  • Biffis, Enrico, & Michel Denuit., (2006). Lee-Carter Goes Risk-Neutral. Cass Business School Research Paper. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ ssrn.848304 google scholar
  • Chevallier, F., E. Dal Moro, Y. Krvavych, & I. Rudenko. (2018). Probability of Sufficiency of the Risk Margin for Life Companies under IFRS 17. 31st International Congress of Actuaries. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3192502 google scholar
  • Denuit, Michel. (2008). Comonotonic approximations to quantiles of life annuity conditional expected present value. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 42(2), 831-838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2007.09.006 google scholar
  • England, P. D., R. J. Verrall, & M. V. Wüthrich. (2019). On the lifetime and one-year views of reserve risk, with application to IFRS 17 and solvency II Risk Margins. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 85,74–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2018.12.002 google scholar
  • Engsner, Hampus, Kristoffer Lindensjö, & Filip Lindskog. (2020). The Value of a Liability Cash Flow in Discrete Time Subject to Capital Requirements. Finance Stoch, 24, 125–167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00780-019-00408-0 google scholar
  • Engsner, Hampus, Mathias Lindholm, & Filip Lindskog.(2017). Insurance valuation: a computable multi-period cost-of-capital approach. google scholar
  • Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 72,250–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2016.12.002 google scholar
  • Fleischmann, Anselm & Hirz, Jonas. (2018, July 29). The IFRS17 Guide for the Perplexed Actuary. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ ssrn.3222293 google scholar
  • IASB(2017a). (2017). IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts. International Accounting Standards Board. google scholar
  • IASB(2017c). (2017). IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts:Basis for Conclusions. International Accounting Standards Board. google scholar
  • Lazoǧlu, Çiǧdem, and Uǧur Karabey. 2024). Evaluating the ımpact of stochastic ınterest rates and COVID-19 on financial performance under IFRS 17. Journal of Demographic Economics, Published online 2024:1^20. https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2024.25 google scholar
  • Lee, Ronald D., & Lawrence R. Carter. (1992). Modeling and forecasting U. S. Mortality. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 87(419), 659–671. https://doi.org/10.2307/2290201 google scholar
  • Mack, Thomas. (1993). Distribution-Free Calculation of the Standard Error of Chain Ladder Reserve Estimates. ASTIN Bulletin 23(2), 213– 225. https://doi.org/10.2143/AST.23.2.2005092 google scholar
  • Merz, M., & M. V Wüthrich. (2008). Modelling the Claims Development Result for Solvency Purposes. CAS E-Forum 542–568. google scholar
  • OECD Data. Retrieved from https://data.oecd.org/healthstat/life-expectancy-at-65.htm#indicator-chart google scholar
  • Palmborg, Lina, Mathias Lindholm, & Filip Lindskog. (2021). Financial position and performance in IFRS 17. Scandinavian Actuarial google scholar
  • Journal, 2021(3),171–197. https://doi.org/10.1080/03461238.2020.1823464 google scholar
  • Richards, S. J., & I. D. Currie. (2009). Longevity risk and annuity pricing with the lee-carter model. British Actuarial Journal 15(2),317-343. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357321700005675 google scholar
  • The Human Mortality Database. Retrieved from https://www.mortality.org/ google scholar
Toplam 19 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İstatistik (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Çiğdem Lazoğlu 0000-0001-5997-5687

Uğur Karabey 0000-0002-5535-1073

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Ağustos 2024
Kabul Tarihi 30 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: 42

Kaynak Göster

APA Lazoğlu, Ç., & Karabey, U. (2025). Mortalite ve Prim Marjının Sigorta Sözleşmesinin Finansal Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi: UFRS 17 Kapsamı. EKOIST Journal of Econometrics and Statistics(42), 36-50. https://doi.org/10.26650/ekoist.2025.42.1536663