Meta-sentez araştırmaları, belirli bir alanda yapılan çalışmaların nitel bulgularının; yorumlanmasını, değerlendirilmesini, benzer ve farklı yönlerinin ortaya konulmasını ve yeni çıkarımlar yapılmasını amaçlayan çalışmalardır. Meta-sentez yöntemi ilk olarak 1988 yılında eğitim alanında kullanılmasına rağmen ilerleyen yıllarda yaygın olarak tıp ve hemşirelik alanında kullanılmıştır. Bununla birlikte son yıllarda, ulusal ve uluslararası alanyazında eğitim alanındaki meta-sentez çalışmalarının da yaygınlaşmaya başladığı görülmektedir. Türkiye’de yapılan meta-sentez çalışmaları incelendiğinde meta-sentez yönteminin araştırmacılar tarafından farklı şekillerde kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, meta-sentez ile ilgili kavramsal bir çözümleme yapmak ve aynı zamanda ortaya çıkan sonuçları tartışmaktır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle meta-sentez kavramının tarihsel gelişimi ve bu süreç boyunca nasıl algılandığı açıklanmıştır. Sonra da meta-sentez çalışmalarının nasıl yapılması gerektiği ve bu çalışmaların geçerlik-güvenirliğinin nasıl sağlanabileceği anlatılmıştır.
Andrews, R., ve Harlen, W. (2006). Issues in synthesizing research in education. Educational Research, 48(3), 287-299, DOI: 10.1080/00131880600992330.
Aspfors, J., ve Fransson, G. (2015). Research on mentor education for mentors of newly qualified teachers: A qualitative meta-synthesis.Teaching and Teacher Education, 48, 75-86.
Aküzüm, C., ve Özmen, F. (2014). Eğitim denetmenlerinin mesleki gelişim, tükenmişlik ve iş doyumuna ilişkin bir meta-sentez çalışması. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13(49), 31-54.
Beach, D., Bagley, C., Eriksson, A., ve Player-Koro, C. (2014). Changing teacher education in Sweden: Using meta-ethnographic analysis to understand and describe policy making and educational changes. Teaching and Teacher Education, 44, 160-167.
Bondas, T., ve Hall, E. O. (2007). Challenges in approaching metasynthesis research. Qualitative Health Research, 17(1), 113-121.
Brannigan, C., Galvin, R., Walsh, M. E., Loughnane, C., Morrissey, E. J., Macey, C., Delargy, M., ve Horgan, N. F. (2016). Barriers and facilitators associated with return to work after stroke: A qualitative meta-synthesis. Disability and Rehabilitation, DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2016.1141242
Brantlinger, E., Jimenez, R., Klingner, J., Pugach, M., ve Richardson, V. (2005). Qualitative studies in special education. Exceptional Children, 71(2), 195-207.
Brown, C.P., ve Lan, Y.C. (2015). A qualitative metasynthesis comparing U.S. teachers' conceptions of school readiness prior to and after the implementation of NCLB. Teaching and Teacher Education, 45, 1-13, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2014.08.012
Campbell, R., Pound, P., Morgan, M., Daker-White, G., Britten, N., Pill, R., ve Donovan, J. (2011). Evaluating meta ethnography: systematic analysis and synthesis of qualitative research. Health Technology Assessment, 15(43), 35-57.
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Corcoran, J., Crowley, M., Bell, H., Murray, A., ve Grindle L. (2012) U.S. Latinas' knowledge and attitudes toward mammography: Meta-synthesis. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 22(6), 671-689, DOI:10.1080/10911359.2012.655959.
Çalık, M., ve Sözbilir, M. (2014). İçerik analizinin parametreleri. Education ve Science/Egitim ve Bilim, 39 (174). 33-38.
Douglas, A. C., Mills, J. E., Niang, M. Stepchenkova, S., Byun, S., Ruffini, C., Lee, S. K., Loutfi, J., Lee, J. K., Atallah, M., ve Blanton, M. (2008). Internet addiction: Meta-synthesis of qualitative research for the decade 1996–2006. Computers in Human Behavior 24, 3027–3044, doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.05.009
DeWitt-Brinks, D., ve Rhodes, S. C. (1992). Listening instruction: A qualitative meta-analysis of twenty-four selected studies (Rep. No. Clearinghouse: CS507954). US: Michigan.
Ennals, P., Fossey, E., ve Howie, L. (2015). Postsecondary study and mental ill-health: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research exploring students’ lived experiences. Journal of Mental Health, 24(2), 111-119, DOI: 10.3109/09638237.2015.1019052.
Glesne, C. (2013). Nitel araştırmaya giriş (3. Basım). A. Ersoy ve P. Yalçınoğlu (Çev. Edt.). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
Kennedy, L. A., ve MacNeela, P. (2014). Adolescent acculturation experiences: A meta-ethnography of qualitative research. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 40, 126-140.
Kepreotes, E. (2009). The metasynthesis: Reducing the isolation of qualitative research. HNE Handover: For Nurses and Midwives, 2(1), 47-48.
Kıncal, R. Y., ve Beypınar, D. (2015). Ders araştırması uygulamasının matematik öğretmenlerinin mesleki gelişimlerine ve öğrenme sürecinin geliştirilmesine etkisi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(33), 186-210.
Martsolf, D. S., Draucker, C. B., Cook, C. B., Ross, R., Stidham, A. W., ve Mweemba, P. (2010). A meta-summary of qualitative findings about professional services for survivors of sexual violence. Qualitative Report (Online), 15(3), 489-506.
McDermott, E., Graham, H., ve Hamilton, V. (2004). Experiences of being a teenage mother in the UK: A report of a systematic review of qualitative studies. Lancaster University, Lancaster.
Merriam, S., B. (2013). Nitel araştırma desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (3. Basım). S. Turan (Çev. Ed.). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
Mudge, S., Kayes, N., ve McPherson, K. (2015). Who is in control? Clinicians’ view on their role in self-management approaches: a qualitative metasynthesis. BMJ open, 5(5), 1-11.
Noblit, G. W., ve Hare, R. D. (1988). Meta-ethnography: Synthesizing qualitative studies (Vol. 11). Newbury Park: Sage.
Patton, M. Q. (2014). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri (1. Basım). M. Bütün ve S. Beşir Demir (Çev. Edt.). Anakara: Pegem Akademi.
Paterson, B. L., ve Canam, C. (2001). Meta-study of qualitative health research: A practical guide to meta-analysis and meta-synthesis (Vol. 3). Sage.
Polat, S. (2015). The evaluation of qualitative studies in turkey about critical thinking skills: A meta-synthesis study. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 7(3). 229-243.
Rasmussen, B., ve Uhrenfeldt, L. (2016). Establishing well-being after hip fracture: A systematic review and meta-synthesis. Disability and Rehabilitation, DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2016.1138552.
Sandelowski, M., ve Barroso, J. (2007). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer Publishing Company.
Sandelowski, M., ve Barroso, J. (2003). Classifying the findings in qualitative studies. Qualitative Health Research, 13(7), 905-923.
Sandelowski, M., Docherty, S., ve Emden, C. (1997). Focus on qualitative methods qualitative metasynthesis: Issues and techniques. Research in Nursing and Health, 20, 365-372.
Serbest, A. (2014). Ders imecesi yönteminin etki alanları üzerine bir meta-sentez çalışması, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon.
Shaw, L. K., Sherman, K., ve Fitness, J. (2015). Dating concerns among women with breast cancer or with genetic breast cancer susceptibility: A review and meta-synthesis. Health Psychology Review, 9(4), 491-505, DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2015.1084891
Staneva, A. A., Bogossian, F., ve Wittkowski, A. (2015). The experience of psychological distress, depression, and anxiety during pregnancy: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research. Midwifery, 31, 563-573.
Thomas, J., ve Harden, A. (2008). Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews. BMC medical research methodology, 8(1), 1-20.
Topcu, G., Buchanan, H., Aubeeluck, A., ve Garip, G. (2016). Caregiving in multiple sclerosis and quality of life: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research, Psychology ve Health, DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1139112.
Wadham, O., Simpson, J., Rust, J., ve Murray, C. (2016). Couples' shared experiences of dementia: A meta-synthesis of the impact upon relationships and couplehood. Aging ve Mental Health, 20(5), 463-473, DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1023769.
Walsh, J., Hochbrueckner, R. Corcoran, J., ve Spenc, R. (2015). The lived experience of schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-synthesis. Social Work in Mental Health, DOI:10.1080/15332985.2015.1100153.
Walsh, D., ve Downe, S. (2005). Meta‐synthesis method for qualitative research: A literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 50(2), 204-211.
Weed, M. (2005). "Meta interpretation": A method for the interpretive synthesis of qualitative research. In Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum. Qualitative Social Research, 6(1), 1-21.
Wilson, H. M. N., ve Murray, C. D. (2016). The experience of deployment for partners of military personnel: A qualitative meta-synthesis. Journal of Couple Relationship Therapy, 15(2), 102-120, DOI: 10.1080/15332691.2014.986699.
Wyatt, C., Harper, B., ve Weatherhead, S. (2014). The experience of group mindfulness-based interventions for individuals with mental health difficulties: A meta-synthesis, Psychotherapy Research, 24(2), 214-228, DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2013.864788.
Yıldırım, A., ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (8. Basım). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Yıldırım, Ö., Kurşun, E., ve Göktaş,Y. (2015). Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri konusunda yapılan hizmet içi eğitimlerin niteliğini etkileyen faktörler. Eğitim ve Bilim, 40, (178), 163-182.
Andrews, R., ve Harlen, W. (2006). Issues in synthesizing research in education. Educational Research, 48(3), 287-299, DOI: 10.1080/00131880600992330.
Aspfors, J., ve Fransson, G. (2015). Research on mentor education for mentors of newly qualified teachers: A qualitative meta-synthesis.Teaching and Teacher Education, 48, 75-86.
Aküzüm, C., ve Özmen, F. (2014). Eğitim denetmenlerinin mesleki gelişim, tükenmişlik ve iş doyumuna ilişkin bir meta-sentez çalışması. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13(49), 31-54.
Beach, D., Bagley, C., Eriksson, A., ve Player-Koro, C. (2014). Changing teacher education in Sweden: Using meta-ethnographic analysis to understand and describe policy making and educational changes. Teaching and Teacher Education, 44, 160-167.
Bondas, T., ve Hall, E. O. (2007). Challenges in approaching metasynthesis research. Qualitative Health Research, 17(1), 113-121.
Brannigan, C., Galvin, R., Walsh, M. E., Loughnane, C., Morrissey, E. J., Macey, C., Delargy, M., ve Horgan, N. F. (2016). Barriers and facilitators associated with return to work after stroke: A qualitative meta-synthesis. Disability and Rehabilitation, DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2016.1141242
Brantlinger, E., Jimenez, R., Klingner, J., Pugach, M., ve Richardson, V. (2005). Qualitative studies in special education. Exceptional Children, 71(2), 195-207.
Brown, C.P., ve Lan, Y.C. (2015). A qualitative metasynthesis comparing U.S. teachers' conceptions of school readiness prior to and after the implementation of NCLB. Teaching and Teacher Education, 45, 1-13, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2014.08.012
Campbell, R., Pound, P., Morgan, M., Daker-White, G., Britten, N., Pill, R., ve Donovan, J. (2011). Evaluating meta ethnography: systematic analysis and synthesis of qualitative research. Health Technology Assessment, 15(43), 35-57.
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Corcoran, J., Crowley, M., Bell, H., Murray, A., ve Grindle L. (2012) U.S. Latinas' knowledge and attitudes toward mammography: Meta-synthesis. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 22(6), 671-689, DOI:10.1080/10911359.2012.655959.
Çalık, M., ve Sözbilir, M. (2014). İçerik analizinin parametreleri. Education ve Science/Egitim ve Bilim, 39 (174). 33-38.
Douglas, A. C., Mills, J. E., Niang, M. Stepchenkova, S., Byun, S., Ruffini, C., Lee, S. K., Loutfi, J., Lee, J. K., Atallah, M., ve Blanton, M. (2008). Internet addiction: Meta-synthesis of qualitative research for the decade 1996–2006. Computers in Human Behavior 24, 3027–3044, doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.05.009
DeWitt-Brinks, D., ve Rhodes, S. C. (1992). Listening instruction: A qualitative meta-analysis of twenty-four selected studies (Rep. No. Clearinghouse: CS507954). US: Michigan.
Ennals, P., Fossey, E., ve Howie, L. (2015). Postsecondary study and mental ill-health: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research exploring students’ lived experiences. Journal of Mental Health, 24(2), 111-119, DOI: 10.3109/09638237.2015.1019052.
Glesne, C. (2013). Nitel araştırmaya giriş (3. Basım). A. Ersoy ve P. Yalçınoğlu (Çev. Edt.). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
Kennedy, L. A., ve MacNeela, P. (2014). Adolescent acculturation experiences: A meta-ethnography of qualitative research. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 40, 126-140.
Kepreotes, E. (2009). The metasynthesis: Reducing the isolation of qualitative research. HNE Handover: For Nurses and Midwives, 2(1), 47-48.
Kıncal, R. Y., ve Beypınar, D. (2015). Ders araştırması uygulamasının matematik öğretmenlerinin mesleki gelişimlerine ve öğrenme sürecinin geliştirilmesine etkisi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(33), 186-210.
Martsolf, D. S., Draucker, C. B., Cook, C. B., Ross, R., Stidham, A. W., ve Mweemba, P. (2010). A meta-summary of qualitative findings about professional services for survivors of sexual violence. Qualitative Report (Online), 15(3), 489-506.
McDermott, E., Graham, H., ve Hamilton, V. (2004). Experiences of being a teenage mother in the UK: A report of a systematic review of qualitative studies. Lancaster University, Lancaster.
Merriam, S., B. (2013). Nitel araştırma desen ve uygulama için bir rehber (3. Basım). S. Turan (Çev. Ed.). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
Mudge, S., Kayes, N., ve McPherson, K. (2015). Who is in control? Clinicians’ view on their role in self-management approaches: a qualitative metasynthesis. BMJ open, 5(5), 1-11.
Noblit, G. W., ve Hare, R. D. (1988). Meta-ethnography: Synthesizing qualitative studies (Vol. 11). Newbury Park: Sage.
Patton, M. Q. (2014). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri (1. Basım). M. Bütün ve S. Beşir Demir (Çev. Edt.). Anakara: Pegem Akademi.
Paterson, B. L., ve Canam, C. (2001). Meta-study of qualitative health research: A practical guide to meta-analysis and meta-synthesis (Vol. 3). Sage.
Polat, S. (2015). The evaluation of qualitative studies in turkey about critical thinking skills: A meta-synthesis study. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 7(3). 229-243.
Rasmussen, B., ve Uhrenfeldt, L. (2016). Establishing well-being after hip fracture: A systematic review and meta-synthesis. Disability and Rehabilitation, DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2016.1138552.
Sandelowski, M., ve Barroso, J. (2007). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer Publishing Company.
Sandelowski, M., ve Barroso, J. (2003). Classifying the findings in qualitative studies. Qualitative Health Research, 13(7), 905-923.
Sandelowski, M., Docherty, S., ve Emden, C. (1997). Focus on qualitative methods qualitative metasynthesis: Issues and techniques. Research in Nursing and Health, 20, 365-372.
Serbest, A. (2014). Ders imecesi yönteminin etki alanları üzerine bir meta-sentez çalışması, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon.
Shaw, L. K., Sherman, K., ve Fitness, J. (2015). Dating concerns among women with breast cancer or with genetic breast cancer susceptibility: A review and meta-synthesis. Health Psychology Review, 9(4), 491-505, DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2015.1084891
Staneva, A. A., Bogossian, F., ve Wittkowski, A. (2015). The experience of psychological distress, depression, and anxiety during pregnancy: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research. Midwifery, 31, 563-573.
Thomas, J., ve Harden, A. (2008). Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews. BMC medical research methodology, 8(1), 1-20.
Topcu, G., Buchanan, H., Aubeeluck, A., ve Garip, G. (2016). Caregiving in multiple sclerosis and quality of life: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research, Psychology ve Health, DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1139112.
Wadham, O., Simpson, J., Rust, J., ve Murray, C. (2016). Couples' shared experiences of dementia: A meta-synthesis of the impact upon relationships and couplehood. Aging ve Mental Health, 20(5), 463-473, DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1023769.
Walsh, J., Hochbrueckner, R. Corcoran, J., ve Spenc, R. (2015). The lived experience of schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-synthesis. Social Work in Mental Health, DOI:10.1080/15332985.2015.1100153.
Walsh, D., ve Downe, S. (2005). Meta‐synthesis method for qualitative research: A literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 50(2), 204-211.
Weed, M. (2005). "Meta interpretation": A method for the interpretive synthesis of qualitative research. In Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum. Qualitative Social Research, 6(1), 1-21.
Wilson, H. M. N., ve Murray, C. D. (2016). The experience of deployment for partners of military personnel: A qualitative meta-synthesis. Journal of Couple Relationship Therapy, 15(2), 102-120, DOI: 10.1080/15332691.2014.986699.
Wyatt, C., Harper, B., ve Weatherhead, S. (2014). The experience of group mindfulness-based interventions for individuals with mental health difficulties: A meta-synthesis, Psychotherapy Research, 24(2), 214-228, DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2013.864788.
Yıldırım, A., ve Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (8. Basım). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Yıldırım, Ö., Kurşun, E., ve Göktaş,Y. (2015). Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri konusunda yapılan hizmet içi eğitimlerin niteliğini etkileyen faktörler. Eğitim ve Bilim, 40, (178), 163-182.