ELEKTRİKLİ OTOBÜSLER İÇİN ŞARJ İSTASYONU YER SEÇİMİNE YÖNELİK MATEMATİKSEL MODEL

Yıl 2023, , 184 - 200, 31.08.2023

Gülçin Dinç Yalçın Ece Doğan Ahmed Yasin Kaya Enes Can Oğuz

https://doi.org/10.46465/endustrimuhendisligi.1165292

Öz

Sürdürülebilir çözümler oluşturmak için fosil yakıtlı araçlar olarak adlandırılan geleneksel araçlar yerine elektrikli araçların kullanımı önem arz etmektedir. Ulaşım ağında sıklıkla kullanılan şehirlerarası otobüslerde elektrikli araçların tercih edilebilmesi için kurulacak şarj istasyonlarının yerlerinin belirlenmesi esastır. Şarj istasyonlarının yer seçiminde, şarj istasyonlarında bekleme süreleri, bir sonraki durak için yeterli şarjın olması ve özellikle bütçe gibi sınırlamalar bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca mevcut otobüs durakları arasından aday şarj istasyonlarının belirlenmesi ekstra molaların önüne geçeceğinden müşteri memnuniyetini artıracaktır. Ancak hem sürüş mesafesi hem de bütçe kısıtlamaları nedeniyle her otobüs güzergahında elektrikli otobüs kullanmak mümkün olmayabilir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada şarj istasyonu sayısını minimize eden ve elektrikli otobüs sayısını maksimize eden çok amaçlı bir matematiksel model önerilmiş ve bu modeli çözmek için ağırlıklı toplam yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca önerilen matematiksel model, Türkiye'deki bir otobüs firmasının verileri ile Genel Cebirsel Modelleme Sistemi (GAMS) kullanılarak çözülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Elektrikli otobüs, şarj istasyonu, karma tamsayılı doğrusal programlama, çok amaçlı optimizasyon, ağırlıklı toplam yöntemi

A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE LOCATION OF CHARGING STATION FOR ELECTRIC BUSES

Öz

In order to create sustainable solutions, the use of electric vehicles instead of traditional vehicles, which is called fossil fuel vehicles, is significant. It is essential to determine the locations of the charging stations to be established so that electric vehicles can be preferred in intercity buses, which are frequently used in the transportation network. For the selection of locations of the charging stations, there are limitations such as waiting times at the charging stations, having sufficient charge for the next stop, and especially the budget. In addition, determining the candidate charging stations among the existing bus stops would increase customer satisfaction as it would prevent extra breaks. However, it may not be possible to use electric buses on every bus route due to both driving range and budget constraints. For this reason, in this paper, a multi-objective mathematical model that minimizes the number of charging stations and maximizes the number of electric buses is proposed and the weighted sum method is used to solve this model. In addition, the proposed mathematical model was solved using the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) with the data of a bus company in Türkiye.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Electric bus, charging station, mix integer linear programming, multi objective optimization, weighted sum method

Kaynakça

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