An investigation on the toxic effect of native Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) isolates against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Ceroplastes rusci L. (Homoptera: Coccidae) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Dip

Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) is able to exhibit highly spesific toxic effect against pests belonging to different orders. The aim of this study is to determine toxic effects of some of the native B. thuringiensis isolates obtained from fig related areas of Aydın province in 2008 on the Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Ceroplastes rusci L. (Homoptera: Coccidae) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). For this purpose, the effects of spore-crystal mixtures of 31 native B. thuringiensis isolates against T. urticae nymphs were investigated. It was found that 42% of the isolates caused mortality between 16% and 30%; however, 58% of the isolates resulted in less than 15% mortality. In addition, the effects of spore-crystal mixtures of 35 native B. thuringiensis isolates were examined on nymphs of C. rusci. Even though 14% of the isolates exhibited less than 12% mortality, no toxic effect was observed for 86% of the isolates. Finally, the spore-crystal mixtures of 24 native B. thuringiensis isolates were tested against the larvae of C. capitata. It was found that nearly all isolates did not show any toxic effects on C. capitata larvae. These results show that some of the B. thuringiensis isolates may have potential to develop biopesticides to retard the nymphal growth of especially T. urticae.

Keywords

• Bacillus thuringiensis
• Tetranychus urticae
• Ceroplastes rusci
• Ceratitis capitata

Doğal Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) izolatlarının Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Ceroplastes rusci L. (Homoptera: Coccidae) ve Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)’ya karşı toksik etkileri

Öz

Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) (Bacillales: Bacillaceae), farklı takımlarda yer alan zararlılara karşı yüksek oranda seçici toksik etki gösterebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, 2008 yılında Aydın İli incirlik alanlarından yapılan örneklemelerden elde edilen doğal B. thuringiensis izolatlarından bazılarının, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Ceroplastes rusci L. (Homoptera: Coccidae) ve Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) üzerindeki toksik etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, T. urticae nimfleri üzerinde 31 doğal B. thuringiensis izolatının spor-kristal karışımının etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu izolatlardan %58’nin %15 ve altında, %42’sinin de %16 ile %30 arasında düşük ölüm oranına neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. C. rusci nimfleri üzerinde 35 doğal B. thuringiensis izolatının spor-kristal karışımının etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu izolatlardan %86’sının hiç toksik etki göstermediği, %14’nün ise %12’nin altında neredeyse yok denecek kadar az toksik etki gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. C. capitata larvaları üzerinde ise 24 doğal B. thuringiensis izolatının spor-kristal karışımı denenmiştir. Neredeyse tüm izolatların C. capitata larvaları üzerinde herhangi bir toksik etki göstermediği bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlar, bazı B. thuringiensis izolatlarının özellikle T. urticae niflerinin büyümelerini geciktirici biyopestisit geliştirilmesinde belli bir potansiyele sahip olabildiklerini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bacillus thuringiensis
• Tetranychus urticae
• Ceroplastes rusci
• Ceratitis capitata

Kaynakça

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