Kuzey Irak’taki sera sebzelerinde kök-ur nematodu türlerinin dağılımı ve yaygınlığı

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kuzey Irak’ın Süleymaniye, Erbil ve Duhok illerindeki sera sebzelerinde kök-ur nematodlarının (Meloidogyne spp.) dağılımının ve yaygınlığının belirlenmesidir. Yüz seksen yedi serada 2018 yılı Kasım ve Aralık aylarında sürvey yapılmıştır. Meloidogyne spp., perineal patternler ve esteraz fenotipi kullanılarak teşhis edilmiştir. Sürvey yapılan seraların %37’sinde Meloidogyne varlığı tespit edilmiş ve yaygınlık Süleymaniye’de %40, Duhok’da %38 ve Erbil’de %34’dür. Meloidogyne ile bulaşık seraların %64’ünde Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) ve %36’sında Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) bulunmuştur. Sürvey yapılan ile göre, M. incognita ve M. javanica, sırasıyla Duhok’da seraların %23 ve %15’de, Erbil’de seraların %12 ve %22’de, Süleymaniye’de seraların %10 ve %30’da tespit edilmiştir. Meloidogyne spp., roka, karnabahar, hıyar, patlıcan, marul, domates ve kabakta bulunmuştur. Meloidogyne spp.’nin en yüksek yaygınlığı, çalışma alanındaki seralarda en yoğun yetiştirilen sebzeler olan hıyar (%58) ve domates (%33)’de tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Esteraz
• sera
• teşhis
• Irak
• Meloidogyne

Distribution and prevalence of root-knot nematode species in greenhouse vegetables in northern Iraq

Abstract

The objective of the study was to determine the distribution and prevalence of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in greenhouse vegetables in Sulaymaniyah, Erbil and Duhok Provinces of northern Iraq. One hundred and eighty-seven greenhouses were surveyed during November and December 2018. Meloidogyne spp. were identified by perineal patterns and esterase phenotype. Meloidogyne were detected in 37% of the greenhouses surveyed and the prevalence were 40% in Sulaymaniyah, 38% in Duhok and 34% in Erbil. Meloidogyne javanica Treub, 1885 and Meloidogyne incognita Kofoid & White, 1919 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae), were found in 64 and 36% of the greenhouses infested with Meloidogyne, respectively. By province surveyed, M. incognita and M. javanica were detected in 23 and 15% of greenhouses in Duhok, 12 and 22% of greenhouses in Erbil, 10 and 30% of surveyed greenhouses in Sulaymaniyah, respectively. Meloidogyne spp. were found in arugula, cauliflower, cucumber, eggplant, lettuce, tomato and zucchini. The highest prevalence of Meloidogyne spp. were in cucumber (58%) and tomato (33%), which are the most commonly grown vegetables in greenhouses in the study area.

Keywords

• Esterase
• greenhouse
• identification
• Iraq
• Meloidogyne

Kaynakça

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