Investigation of insecticide residues in potato grown in Türkiye by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS and health risk assessment

Abstract

Insecticide, acaricide, nematicide and metabolite residues were assayed in 104 potato samples collected from local markets in Tokat, Türkiye in 2022 and the potential health risk for consumers assessed. Analytical method verification was performed for 135 pesticide active substances in potato matrices by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Matrix-matched calibration curves were constructed and good linearity was obtained with a coefficient of determination between 0.990 and 0.999. Average recoveries varied from 73.2 to 119.6%. Repeatability and intra-laboratory reproducibility conditions of the method expressed as %RSD were less than 20%. These figures were within the SANTE/11312/2021 recovery limits (70-120%) and the values specified for the repeatability (RSD ≤ 20%). The limits of quantification were lower than the maximum residue limits set by the European Union for the potato. No pesticide residues were found at detectable limits in 93 samples. Two samples contained residues below the maximum residue limit (MRL), while nine samples contained residues above the MRLs. Clothianidin and thiamethoxam residues detected in one sample, while acetamiprid were detected in nine samples. The health risk assessment study indicated that potato consumption was safe for consumers.

Keywords

• Acute risk
• chronic risk
• matrix effect
• method verification
• pesticide residue

LC-MS/MS ve GC-MS ile Türkiye menşeli patateslerde insektisit kalıntılarının araştırılması ve sağlık risk değerlendirmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, 2022 yılında Tokat'ta yerel pazarlarda satılan patateslerde insektisit, akarisit, nematisit ve metabolit kalıntıları taranmış ve bu kalıntıların tüketiciler açısından potansiyel sağlık riskleri değerlendirilmiştir. Sıvı kromatografi-tandem kütle spektrometrisi ve gaz kromatografi-kütle spektrometrisi ile 135 pestisit etken madde kalıntısını belirlemek için metot doğrulaması yapılmıştır. Matris uyumlu kalibrasyon eğrileri oluşturulmuş ve 0.990 ile 0.999 arasında değişen korelasyon katsayısı ile uygun bir doğrusallık elde edilmiştir. Ortalama geri kazanımlar %73.2 ile %119.6 arasında, %RSD olarak ifade edilen yöntemin tekrarlanabilirlik koşulları ve laboratuvar içi tekrar üretilebilirlik koşulları %20'den daha düşük bulunmuştur. Bu rakamlar, SANTE/11312/2021 dokümanındaki geri kazanım limitleri (%70-120) ve tekrarlanabilirlik için belirtilen değerlere (RSD ≤ %20) uygundur. Miktar tayin limitleri, Avrupa Birliği tarafından patates için belirlenen maksimum kalıntı limitlerinden daha düşük seviyelerde bulunmuştur. 93 örnekte tespit edilebilir limitlerde pestisit kalıntısına rastlanmamıştır. İki numunede MRL değerleri altında, 9 numunede ise MRL değerleri üzerinde pestisit kalıntısı tespit edilmiştir. Bu örneklerden birinde hem clothianidin hem de thiamethoxam, dokuzunda ise acetamiprid tespit edilmiştir. Sağlık risk değerlendirmesi ise patates tüketiminin tüketiciler için güvenli olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akut risk
• kronik risk
• matriks etkisi
• metot doğrulaması
• pestisit kalıntısı

Kaynakça

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