Rakım ve yetiştirme döneminin ana arıların, Apis mellifera caucasica Gorbachev, 1916 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) bazı özellikleri üzerine etkileri

Öz

Çalışmada, Ordu ilinde, 2019-2020 yıllarında iki farklı rakım (140 m ile 920 m) ve üç yetiştirme döneminde (Mayıs, Haziran-I, Haziran-II) yetiştirilen ana arıların, Apis mellifera caucasica Gorbachev, 1916 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), bazı özellikleri incelenmiştir. Bu özellikler; larva kabul oranı, yüksük uzunluğu, ana arı çıkış ağırlığı, ana arının yumurtlama başlangıcındaki ağırlığı, yumurtlamaya başladıktan sonraki 3. gün ağırlığı, spermateka çapı ve hacmi ve spermatozoa sayısıdır. Her dönem ve rakımda bir günlük yaşta 50’şer adet larva aşılanmıştır. Ana arı çıkış ağırlığı üzerine dönem ve dönem*rakım interaksiyon etkisi önemli (p<0.001), rakım ve yıl etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur. Yüksek rakımda Mayıs döneminde, düşük rakımda ise Haziran-II döneminde ana arı çıkış ağırlıkları daha düşüktür. Spermateka çapı, spermateka hacmi ve spermatozoa sayısı bakımından yıl, dönem ve rakımın etkisi önemli bulunmuştur (p<0.001). İki yıl verileri birlikte değerlendirildiğinde spermatozoa sayısı Mayıs dönemi yetiştirilen ana arılarda daha yüksektir. Ordu ve benzer iklim koşullarında ana arı yetiştiriciliğinde polen ve nektar akımının yoğun olduğu dönem ve rakıma dikkat edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bal arısı
• ana arı
• yetiştirme dönemi
• sperm kesesi
• sperm sayısı

The effects of altitude and rearing period on some characteristics of honey bee queens, Apis mellifera caucasica Gorbachev, 1916 (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Öz

In the study, some characteristics of honey bee queens, Apis mellifera caucasica Gorbachev, 1916 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), reared at two different altitudes (140 m vs 920 m) and three rearing seasons (May, June-I, June-II) in 2019-2020 were examined in Ordu. These are larvae grafting, length of the queen cell, weight of queens at various periods, and spermathecae parameters of queens. One-day old 50 larvae were grafted at each period and altitude. The effect of period and period*altitude interaction on the weight at emergence of queen was significant (p<0.001) while the effect of altitude and year was nonsignificant. Weights at emergence of queens were lower in May at high altitudes and in June-II at low altitudes. The effects of year, period and altitude were significant (p<0.001) in the terms of the diameter and volume of the spermathecae, and the number of spermatozoa in the spermathecae. When the two-year data was evaluated together, the number of spermatozoa in the spermathecae was higher in the queen bees reared in May. It is recommended to pay attention to the period and altitude when pollen and nectar flow is intense in queen rearing in Ordu and similar climatic conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Honeybee
• queen
• rearing period
• spermathecae
• number of spermatozoa

Kaynakça

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