Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) popülasyonlarında neonikotinoid ve sentetik piretroid insektisitlerin tekli ve karışımlarına karşı direnç durumu

Öz

Birçok bitki virüs hastalığının vektörü olan yeşil şeftali yaprakbiti, Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), doğrudan beslenerek çok sayıda konukçusuna zarar vermektedir. Kimyasal kontrol, bu tür ile mücadelede birincil yol olması ve yoğun kimyasal kullanımı insektisit direnci gelişimine yol açmaktadır. 2017-2019 yılları arasında yapılan bu çalışmada ilk olarak, Antalya, Türkiye'den beş M. persicae popülasyonunun direnç oranları yaprak daldırma biyoassay yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Örtüaltı popülasyonları, hassas popülasyona kıyasla, thiamethoxam için (201-332 kat aralığında) ve lambda-cyhalothrin için (50-103 kat aralığında) önemli direnç göstermiştir. Direncin sodyum kanalı ve nikotinik asetilkolin reseptöründeki mutasyonlardan kaynaklı olup olmadığını belirlemek için, “mutasyon sıcak nokta”larını kapsayan DNA bölgeleri dizilenmiştir. Popülasyonların neonikotinoid direncine neden olan R81T mutasyonunu içermediği belirlenmiştir. Sentetik piretroid direncinde, L1014F kdr mutasyonu tüm arazi popülasyonlarında tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile Türkiye'deki yeşil şeftali yaprakbiti popülasyonlarında kdr mutasyonu ilk defa gösterilmiştir. Biyoassay sonuçları ayrıca, thiamethoxam ve lambda-cyhalothrin karışım toksisitesinin, tek başına, lambda-cyhalothrin toksisitesinden daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Bulgularımız M. persicae direnç yönetimi için önemli katkılar sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyoassay
• insektisitler
• kdr mutasyonu
• Myzus persicae
• direnç yönetimi

Resistance status in Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations against single and mixture of neonicotinoid and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides

Öz

The peach potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a vector of many plant virus diseases, causes damage to its wide range of hosts by direct feeding. Chemical control has been the primary method to control this species, and the intensive use of insecticides has led to the development of resistance. In this study, conducted between the years 2017-2019, firstly resistance ratio of five M. persicae populations from Antalya, Türkiye were determined by leaf-dip bioassay method. The field populations showed significant resistance to thiamethoxam (between 201-332 fold) and lambda-cyhalothrin (between 50-103 fold) when compared to susceptible population. To identify whether resistance mediated by mutations in sodium channel and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, DNA regions that encompass “mutation hot-spot” were sequenced. This revealed no population contained R81T mutation that has been previously linked with neonicotinoid resistance. As to synthetic pyrethroid resistance, the L1014F kdr mutation was fixed in all field populations. This study is the first description of kdr mutation in M. persicae populations from Türkiye. Bioassay results also indicated that the toxicity of thiamethoxam and lambda-cyhalothrin mixture was higher than that of lambda-cyhalothrin alone. Our findings can make significant contributions to M. persicae resistance management.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bioassay
• insecticides
• kdr mutation
• Myzus persicae
• resistance management

Kaynakça

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