The effectiveness of some rhizobacteria on Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae) in cucumber plants

Abstract

In this study, the possibilities of using 3 specific rhizobacteria isolates for the control of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae) in cucumber plants of Beith alpha cultivar were investigated in 2023. The variables of the climate chamber experiment were seedling and seed treatments of the specific bacterial isolates and the QST713 (Serenade®) commercial isolate, nematode (1500 J2/pot) and non-nematode treatments, as well as positive and negative control treatments. As a result of the study, when the rate of root galling on cucumber roots was determined according to the Zeck scale, the most successful treatment in decreasing root galling was the seedling treatment of KD29 isolate (2.64), while the highest rate of root galling was observed in the positive control (6.27). When the bacterial treatments were compared with the positive control, it was observed that all bacterial treatments had a decreasing effect on the number of egg mass. When the effects of the treatments on the reproduction rate of the J2 population were analyzed, it was found that seedling treatments of isolate KD238 (0.69) and commercial isolate QST713 (0.86) had a decreasing effect on the J2 reproduction rate in the soil. As a result of the laboratory experiment, it was determined that KD157, KD238 and KD29 isolates had 42.25, 33.98 and 27.77% mortality effect on J2s after 96 hours, respectively. However, especially considering the decrease in the J2 population in the soil, the amount of root growth and the decrease in the number of egg mass, these bacteria stimulate the induced systemic resistance (ISR).

Keywords

• Bacillus thuringiensis
• Pantoea spp.
• PGPR
• Pseudomonas spp.
• root-knot nematodes

Bazı rizobakterilerin hıyar bitkisinde Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae)’ya karşı etkinliği

Öz

Bu çalışmada, 3 adet özgün rizobakteri izolatının, Beith alpha çeşidi hıyar bitkisinde Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae) ile mücadelede kullanım olanakları 2023 yılında araştırılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalarda bakteri uygulamalarının M. incognita’ya karşı etkinliği iklim odası ve laboratuvar denemesi yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir. İklim odası denemesinin karakterlerini özgün bakteri izolatlarının ve QST713 (Serenade®) ticari izolatının fide ve tohum kaplama uygulamaları, bu uygulamaların nematodlu (1500 J2/saksı) ve nematodsuz uygulamaları, pozitif ve negatif kontrol uygulamaları oluşturmuştur. Deneme sonunda, hıyar köklerindeki urlanma oranı Zeck skalasına göre değerlendirildiğinde, köklerdeki urlanma miktarını azaltma konusunda en başarılı uygulama KD29 izolatının (2.64) fide uygulaması olurken, en yüksek urlanma miktarı pozitif kontrolde (6.27) görülmüştür. Bakteri uygulamaları pozitif kontrol ile kıyaslandığında, yumurta kümesi oluşumu üzerinde tüm bakteri uygulamalarının azaltıcı etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Yapılan uygulamaların, J2 popülasyonunun üreme oranı üzerindeki etkileri araştırıldığında, KD238 (0.69) izolatı ve QST713 (0.86) ticari izolatının fide uygulamalarının, topraktaki J2 üreme oranı üzerinde azaltıcı etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Yapılan laboratuvar denemesi sonucunda KD157, KD238 ve KD29 izolatlarının 96 saat sonunda J2’ler üzerinde sırasıyla %42.25, 33.98 ve 27.77 oranında öldürücü etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Ancak özellikle topraktaki J2 popülasyonunun azalması, kökte oluşan ur miktarı ve yumurta kümesi sayılarındaki azalma göz önüne alındığında, bu bakterilerin uyarılmış sistemik dayanıklılığı (ISR) teşvik ettiği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bacillus thuringiensis
• Pantoea spp.
• PGPR
• Pseudomonas spp.
• kök-ur nematodları

Kaynakça

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