Environmental persistence of the conidia of native entomopathogenic fungi and their efficiency on Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of local Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Cordyceps fumosorosea (Wize) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) isolates on Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) prepupae, during 2020 and 2021 in the Mediterranean Region of Türkiye. In petri dishes, mortality rates varied with doses: for LD.2016 (B. bassiana), between 30 and 60%, for M6-4 (B. bassiana), 30-46%, of IFR (C. fumosorosea), 65-100%. Additionally, differences were detected between the prepupa and pupa periods of the larvae depending on the isolate. In sterile soil studies, the IFR caused mortality rates of 53-93%, while those for the LD.2016 isolate were 20-55%, depending on the doses. In conidial survival studies, the IFR caused mortality rates of 70-93% at 0 months and 44-60% in the 12th month. The LD.2016 mortality was among 37-55% at 0 months, while mortality rates decreased to 2% in the 12th month. The reproductive capacity of adult individuals that emerged alive after infection was negatively affected depending on time and fungal isolate. In semi-controlled field conditions, the IFR isolate had mortality rates varied between 40 and 65%, and LD.2016 mortality rates varied between 34 and 62%, depending on doses. It was observed that the fungi used in the study had potential in biological control of C. capitata.

Keywords

• Beauveria bassiana
• Cordyceps fumosorosea
• reproductive capacity
• soil surface application
• sublethal effects

Yerel entomopatojen fungus konidialarının çevresel kalıcılığı ve Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) üzerindeki etkinliği

Öz

Bu çalışmada, 2020-2021 yıllarında Türkiye Akdeniz Bölgesi'nde yerel Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin ve Cordyceps fumosorosea (Wize) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) izolatlarının Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) prepupaları üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Petri kaplarında ölüm oranları dozlara göre; LD.2016 (B. bassiana) için %30-60 arasında, M6-4 (B. bassiana) için %30-46 arasında, IFR (C. fumosorosea) için %65-100 arasında değişmiştir. Ayrıca, izolatlara bağlı olarak larvaların prepupa ve pupa dönemleri arasında farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Steril toprak çalışmalarında IFR %53-93 arasında mortaliteye neden olurken, LD.2016 izolatı için bu oran doza bağlı olarak %20-55 olmuştur. Konidial hayatta kalma çalışmalarında IFR 0. ayda %70-93, 12. ayda ise %44-60 arasında mortaliteye neden olmuştur. LD.2016 mortalitesi 0. ayda %37-55 arasında iken, 12. ayda mortalite oranları %2'ye düşmüştür. Enfeksiyondan sonra canlı çıkan ergin bireylerin üreme kapasitesi zamana ve fungal izolata bağlı olarak olumsuz etkilenmiştir. Yarı kontrollü arazi koşullarında IFR izolatında mortalite oranları doza bağlı olarak %40-65 arasında, LD.2016 mortalite oranları ise %34-62 arasında değişmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan fungusların C. capitata'nın biyolojik mücadelesinde potansiyel taşıdığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beauveria bassiana
• Cordyceps fumosorosea
• üreme kapasitesi
• toprak yüzey uygulaması
• ölümcül olmayan etkiler

Kaynakça

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