Orman habitatlarında farklı ağaç türlerindeki yaprak bitlerinin (Hemiptera: Aphidomorpha) doğal düşmanlarının bolluk ve çeşitliliği

Yıl 2024, , 423 - 438, 21.01.2025

Şükran Oğuzoğlu , Mustafa Avcı

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1547530

Öz

Ormanlar, çeşitli canlı gruplarının yaşadığı ve biyolojik çeşitliliğin yüksek olduğu ekosistemlerdir. Isparta ilinde 2019-2020 yıllarında orman alanlarında [Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe., Pinus brutia Ten., Cedrus libani A. Rich., Abies cilicica (Antoine & Kotschy) Carrière (Pinaceae), Juniperus spp. (Cupressaceae), Quercus spp. (Fagaceae) ve Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Leguminosae)] sistematik örnekleme ile yaprak biti ve doğal düşman türleri elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada 14 konukçu ağaç türünde 34 yaprak biti türü ve 42 doğal düşman türü bulunmuştur. Türlerin takımlara göre dağılımı %54’ü Coleoptera, %15’i Neuroptera, %13’ü Hemiptera, %13’ü Hymenoptera, %3’ü Diptera ve %3’ü Raphidioptera şeklindedir. Doğal düşmanlardan en fazla bireye sahip olan türler 2019 yılında Oenopia lyncea (Olivier, 1808) (%19,0), Harmonia quadripunctata (Pontoppidan, 1763) (%11,3) ve Adalia decempunctata (L., 1758) (%9,2), 2020 yılında ise H. quadripunctata (%14,3), Coccinula quatuordecimguttata (L., 1758) (%12,5), Hippodamia variegata (Goeze, 1777) ve Stethorus gilvifrons (Mulsant, 1850) (%8,9) olmuştur. Tür sayısı en fazla P. nigra (15 tür) ve C. libani’de (13 tür) görülmüştür. Çalışmada 14 konukçu ağaç türünde 34 yaprak biti türü 42 doğal düşman türü ile bu türler arasında üçlü trofik düzeyde 123 etkileşim tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Orman ağacı, predatör, parazitoit, öz suyu zararlısı

Destekleyen Kurum

This study was produced by the PhD thesis of the first author accepted by Isparta University of Applied Sciences, The Institute of Graduate Education, Department of Forest Engineering. This study was supported by the Isparta Applied Sciences University Faculty Member Training Programme Coordinator Unit with the project numbered ÖYP06475-DR-17 and TÜBİTAK with the project numbered 119O126.

Proje Numarası

ÖYP 06475-DR-17 ve TÜBİTAK 119O126.

Teşekkür

We want to thank Assis. Prof. Dr. Derya Şenal (Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences; Coccinellidae, Retired); Prof. Dr. Rüstem Hayat (Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture; Sryphidae), Prof. Dr. Savaş Canbulat (Kastamonu University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Neuroptera and Raphidioptera), Prof. Dr. Ahmet Dursun (Amasya University, Faculty of Science; Hemiptera), Dr. Gülten Yazıcı (Plant Protection Central Research Institute; Hemiptera), Prof. Dr. Michael S. Engel (University of Kansas, USA, Megaspilidae and Pteromalidae), Assoc. Prof. Dr. Coşkun Güçlü (Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Agriculture; Braconidae) and Fabrizio Fanti (Independent Researcher; Cantharidae) for identifying natural enemy species. We would like to thank Prof. Dr. Gazi Görür and Assis. Prof. Dr. Özhan Şenol (Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University) for contributing to the identification of the aphid species. We also would like to thank the Isparta Applied Sciences University Faculty Member Training Program Coordinator Unit with the project numbered ÖYP 06475-DR-17 and TÜBİTAK with the project numbered 119O126.

Abundance and diversity of natural enemies of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidomorpha) on different host trees in forest habitats

Öz

Forests are ecosystems with high biological diversity, where various groups of organisms live. In the province of Isparta, during the years 2019-2020, systematic sampling in forest areas yielded data on aphids and their natural enemies. The tree species studied included [Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe., Pinus brutia Ten., Cedrus libani A. Rich., Abies cilicica (Antoine & Kotschy) Carrière (Pinaceae), Juniperus spp. (Cupressaceae), Quercus spp. (Fagaceae), and Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Leguminosae)]. The study identified 34 aphid species and 42 natural enemy species across 14 host tree species. The distribution of these species among orders was as follows: 54% Coleoptera, 15% Neuroptera, 13% Hemiptera, 13% Hymenoptera, 3% Diptera, and 3% Raphidioptera. The most abundant natural enemy species were Oenopia lyncea (Olivier, 1808) (19.0%), Harmonia quadripunctata (Pontoppidan, 1763) (11.3%), and Adalia decempunctata (L., 1758) (9.2%) in 2019 and H. quadripunctata (14.3%), Coccinula quatuordecimguttata (L., 1758) (12.5%), and Hippodamia variegata (Goeze, 1777) and Stethorus gilvifrons (Mulsant, 1850) (8.9%) in 2020. The tree species with the highest number of aphid species were P. nigra (15 species) and C. libani (13 species). In total, 123 interactions were identified among the 34 aphid species and 42 natural enemy species across 14 host tree species, representing tri-trophic levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Forest trees, predator, parasitoid, sap-sucker pest

Destekleyen Kurum

Isparta Applied Sciences University Faculty Member Training Program Coordinator Unit and TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

ÖYP 06475-DR-17 ve TÜBİTAK 119O126.

Teşekkür

We would like to thank for the identification of natural enemy species to Assis. Prof. Dr. Derya ŞENAL (Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences; Coccinellidae, Retired Faculty Member); Prof. Dr. Rüstem HAYAT (Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture; Sryphidae), Prof. Dr. Savaş CANBULAT (Kastamonu University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Neuroptera and Raphidioptera), Prof. Dr. Ahmet DURSUN (Amasya University, Faculty of Science; Hemiptera), Dr. Gülten YAZICI (Plant Protection Central Research Institute; Hemiptera), Prof. Dr. Michael S. ENGEL (University of Kansas, USA, Megaspilidae and Pteromalidae), Assoc. Prof. Dr Coşkun GÜÇLÜ (Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Agriculture; Braconidae) and Fabrizio FANTI (Independent Researcher; Cantharidae). We would like to thank Prof. Dr. Gazi GÖRÜR and Assis. Prof. Dr. Özhan ŞENOL (Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University) for contributing to the identification of the aphid species. We also would like to thank the Isparta Applied Sciences University Faculty Member Training Program Coordinator Unit with the project numbered ÖYP 06475-DR-17 and TÜBİTAK with the project numbered 119O126.

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