Biber çeşitlerinin pirimicarb'ın bozunma davranışları üzerindeki etkisi

Öz

Pestisit kalıntısı denemelerinde, tipik tarımsal uygulamaları ve morfolojik çeşitliliği doğru bir şekilde temsil eden ürün çeşitlerinin seçilmesi, güvenilir ve uygulanabilir sonuçlar elde etmek için önemlidir. Genellikle yaygın olarak yetiştirilen çeşitlere öncelik verilmekle birlikte, bitki çeşitlerinin morfolojik ve fizyolojik özellikleri nedeniyle pestisit kalıntılarında farklılıklar meydana gelebilir. Türkiye'nin Tokat ilinde 2023 yılında yürütülen bu çalışmada beş biber çeşidinde pirimikarb’ın bozunma davranışları araştırılmıştır. Şeftali yaprak bitine, Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) karşı tescilli bir insektisit olan pirimicarb, biber, domates, şeker pancarı ve turunçgillerde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Pirimicarb zararlı kontrolünde etkili olmasına rağmen asetilkolinesterazı inhibe ederek hedef ve hedef olmayan organizmalar için nörotoksik riskler oluşturur. Uzun süreli maruziyet endokrin bozulmasına ve oksidatif strese yol açabilir, bu da gıda güvenliği için kalıntı izlemeyi zorunlu hale getirir. Başlangıçta, biber örneklerinde pirimicarb’ı analiz etmek için hızlı ve hassas bir QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS yöntemi doğrulanmıştır. Analiz sonuçları, tüm çeşitlerde pirimicarb’ın uygulamadan 24 saat sonra AB-MRL (0,5 mg kg-1) altına indiğini göstermektedir. Farklı biber çeşitleri arasında bozunma oranları ve yarı ömürlerde önemli farklılıklar gözlemlenmiştir. Bu farklılıkların, çeşitlerin morfolojik ve fizyolojik özelliklerinden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırma, çeşit farklılıklarının pestisitlerin akıbeti üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koyarak, pestisit uygulama stratejilerini optimize etmek ve tüketici güvenliğini sağlamak için değerli veriler sağlayarak kritik bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akut risk
• kronik risk
• parçalanma kinetiği
• metot doğrulama
• pestisit kalıntısı

Effect of pepper variety on the degradation behaviors of pirimicarb

Abstract

In pesticide residue trials, selecting crop varieties that accurately represent agricultural practices and morphological diversity is essential to obtaining reliable and applicable results. Generally, widely grown varieties are given priority, but differences in pesticide residues may occur due to the morphological and physiological characteristics of plant varieties. This study investigated the degradation behaviors of pirimicarb in five pepper varieties in Tokat, Türkiye, in 2023. Pirimicarb, an insecticide registered against the peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is widely used in peppers, tomatoes, sugar beets, and citrus fruits. While effective in pest control, pirimicarb inhibits acetylcholinesterase, posing neurotoxic risks to target and non-target organisms. Prolonged exposure may cause endocrine disruption and oxidative stress, making residue monitoring essential for food safety. Initially, a rapid and sensitive QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS method was verified to analyze pirimicarb in peppers. Analysis results show that pirimicarb in all varieties decreased below EU-MRL (0.5 mg kg-1) 24 hours after application. Significant variations in degradation rates and half-lives were observed among the varieties, attributed to their morphological and physiological differences. This research fills a critical gap by revealing the impact of varietal differences on the fate of pesticides, providing valuable data to optimize application strategies and ensure consumer safety.

Keywords

• Acute risk
• chronic risk
• dissipation kinetics
• method verification
• pesticide residue

Kaynakça

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