Nematicidal activity of different ecotypes of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (Asterales: Asteraceae) against plant parasitic nematodes

Öz

This study was conducted in 2024 under laboratory conditions at the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Isparta University of Applied Sciences. The nematicidal effects of six concentrations of essential oils obtained from two ecotypes of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (Asterales: Asteraceae) (France/Corsica, CF and Bosnia and Herzegovina, CBH) were evaluated against Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Rhabditida: Meloidogynidae), Pratylenchus thornei (Sher & Allen, 1953) (Rhabditida: Pratylenchidae) and Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857) (Rhabditida: Anguinidae) at 25ºC. The CF ecotype had a higher essential oil yield (0.37%) than CBH (0.16%). Neryl acetate (55.89%) was the dominant component in CF oil, whereas ar-curcumene (20.09%) and α-pinene (17.91%) predominated in CBH oil. Essential oils from both ecotypes significantly increased nematode mortality compared with the control (p≤0.05). The highest mortality rates were obtained with CF oil at 1000 µg mL⁻¹ against D. dipsaci (91.2%) and P. thornei (82.8%). M. incognita was the least susceptible species. Results indicate that the CF ecotype possesses stronger nematicidal activity, likely due to its higher monoterpene and neryl acetate content. These findings suggest that H. italicum essential oil may serve as a promising natural nematicide candidate.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biological control
• essential oil
• Helichrysum italicum
• plant parasitic nematode

Etik Beyan

The collection of plant material and the performance of experimental research on such plants complied with the national guidelines of Türkiye.

Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (Asterales: Asteraceae)'un farklı ekotiplerinin bitki paraziti nematodlara karşı nematisidal aktivitesi

Öz

Bu çalışma 2024 yılında, Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bitki Koruma Bölümü laboratuvarında yürütülmüştür. Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (Asterales: Asteraceae)’un (France/Corsica, CF ve Bosnia ve Herzegovina, CBH)’un iki ekotipinden elde edilen uçucu yağların altı farklı konsantrasyonunun Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Rhabditida: Meloidogynidae), Pratylenchus thornei (Sher & Allen, 1953) (Rhabditida: Pratylenchidae) ve Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857) (Rhabditida: Anguinidae) üzerindeki nematisidal etkileri 25ºC’de araştırılmıştır. CF ekotipinin uçucu yağ verimi (%0,37), CBH’ye (%0,16) göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. CF uçucu yağında neril asetat (%55,89) baskın bileşen iken, CBH’de ar-kurkumen (%20,29) ve α-pinen (%17,91) öne çıkmıştır. Her iki ekotipin uçucu yağları kontrol grubuna kıyasla nematod ölümlerini önemli düzeyde artırmıştır (p≤0,05). En yüksek ölüm oranı 1000 µg mL⁻¹ dozda CF ekotipinde D. dipsaci (%91,2) ve P. thornei (%82.8) üzerinde elde edilmiştir. M. incognita en az duyarlı tür olmuştur. Sonuçlar, yüksek monoterpen ve özellikle neril asetat içeriği nedeniyle CF ekotipinin daha güçlü nematisidal aktiviteye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bulgular, H. italicum uçucu yağının doğal bir nematisit adayı olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyolojik kontrol
• uçucu yağ
• Helichrysum italicum
• bitki paraziti nematodu

Etik Beyan

Bitki materyalinin toplanması ve bu bitkiler üzerinde deneysel araştırmaların yapılması Türkiye'nin ulusal yönergelerine uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.

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