Akdeniz meyve sineği, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera, Tephritidae)’ nin Türkiye’deki dağılımının modellenmesi ve yayılış alanında Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki genişleme

Öz

Önemli bir meyve zararlısı olan Akdeniz meyve sineği, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera, Tephritidae)’nın yayılış alanını mevcut iklimsel koşullar altında genişletmeyeceği düşünülmekte; ancak, C. capitata istilası için uygun görünen Karadeniz kıyılarının bu genellemenin dışında olduğu varsayılmaktadır. Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde C. capitata ile enfekte olmuş bir mandalina bulunduktan sonra bu varsayım sınanmıştır. Öncelikle Türkiye’de C. capitata’nın yaşamasına uygun olan alanların tespiti için ekolojik niş modellemesi yaklaşımı kullanılmış, daha sonra da modelin uygun olarak tahmin ettiği Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde arazi çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Modelleme için C. capitata’nın varlığı bilinen Akdeniz ve Ege Bölgesi’nden 49 noktadan ve C. capitata’nın varlığı bilinmeyen Karadeniz Bölgesi’nden bir noktadan 2014 ve 2015 yılları Kasım ayında meyve örneği toplanmış ve laboratuvara getirilerek ergin çıkışları izlenmiştir. Toplamda 44 farklı yöreden ergin C. capitata elde edilmiştir. Bu noktalar model için veri olarak kullanılmıştır. Modelleme sonuçlarına göre Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde arazi çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Meyve örnekleri 11 noktadan toplanarak laboratuvara getirilmiş ve ergin çıkışları izlenmiştir. Bu örneklerden toplam 49 ergin C. capitata çıkmıştır. Böylece Doğu Karadeniz’de Akdeniz meyve sineğinin ilk kez varlığı gösterilmiştir. Model ayrıca gelecekte Karadeniz havzasında C. capitata için uygun olan alanların oluşacağını da göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akdeniz meyve sineği
• Ceratitis capitata
• ekolojik niş modellemesi
• Doğu Karadeniz
• yayılış alanı genişlemesi

Modeling the distribution of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera, Tephritidae) in Turkey and its range expansion in Black Sea Region

Abstract

Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera, Tephritidae), an important fruit pest, is not expected to expand its range under current climatic conditions with an exception of the Black Sea coasts that was hypothesized to be suitable for C. capitata invasion. After finding a C. capitata-infested mandarin in western Black Sea Region of Turkey, we tested this hypothesis. We first used ecological niche modeling approach to determine suitable places for C. capitata survival in Turkey; and then visited eastern Black Sea region of Turkey where the model predicted to be suitable. For the model, we collected fruit samples from 49 localities in southern and western Turkey, where C. capitata presence has already been known, and one locality from northern Turkey, where its presence has not been known, in November 2014 and 2015 and transferred them to laboratory to observe adult emergence. Ceratitis capitata adults emerged from 44 localities. These localities were used as the presence data for the model. After obtaining the model results, we visited eastern Black Sea Region, and collected fruit samples from 11 different localities, and transferred them to laboratory to observe adult emergence. In total, 49 C. capitata adults emerged. Thus, presence of C. capitata was shown in the eastern Black Sea for the first time. The model also predicted that suitable areas in the Black Sea basin for C. capitata survival tend to expand in future.

Keywords

• Mediterranean fruit fly
• Ceratitis capitata
• ecological niche modeling
• Eastern Black Sea
• range expansion

Kaynakça

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