Pleiotropic effects of propargite on life-table parameters of susceptible and resistant strains and reciprocal F1 hybrids of Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 and their implications for population growth

Yıl 2018, , 161 - 174, 31.05.2018

Riaz Shah

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.388147

Öz

Demographic toxicological studies
or life-table response experiments have been proposed as a more reliable
approach for predicting pesticide impact in the field. Life-table parameters of
the susceptible, propargite-resistant and reciprocal F1 hybrids of Tetranychus
urticae Koch, 1836 (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) were studied in the
presence and absence of propargite residues at LC₅₀ and LC₉₉
of susceptible strain at Lincoln University, New Zealand. The life history data
of all individuals were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table.
Treatment with LC₅₀ of the susceptible strain did not affect the
duration of developmental time of any strain. LC₉₉ of the
susceptible strain, however, prolonged the developmental time of the
propargite-resistant strain by approximately 2 d. The intrinsic rate of
increase (r_m), R_o and total progeny
production of the propargite-resistant strain and S^♂ × R^♀hybrid treated with LC₅₀ of the susceptible strain were higher
compared to that of the susceptible strain and R^♂ × S^♀
hybrid. Population projections were used to study the effects of relatively
small differences in the life-table parameters of strains/hybrids of T.
urticae. For the untreated control groups, the susceptible strain gave the
highest population projection after 10 generations. In groups treated with LC₅₀
of the susceptible strain, the projected population size showed that the number of adult females of the
propargite-resistant strain superseded that of the susceptible strain. The
hybrid S^♂ × R^♀ increased most from
treatment with the LC₅₀ of the susceptible strain. The differential
success of different strains could, therefore, change resistance frequency
throughout a growing season at a location.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Intrinsic rate of increase, life-table parameters, population projection, propargite, resistance, Tetranychus urticae

Tetranychus urticae Koch 1836'nın hassas ve dirençli ırklarının ve karşılıklı F1 çapraz melezlerinin yaşam tablosu parametreleri üzerine propargite’in pleiotropik etkileri ve bunların popülasyon gelişimi üzerine çıkarımlar

Öz

Demografik toksikolojik çalışmalar ya da yaşam tablosu tepki
denemeleri, tarlada insektisit etkisini öngörmek için daha güvenilir bir
yaklaşım olarak önerilmektedir. Tetranychus
urticae Koch, 1836 (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae)'nin hassas, propargite karşı
dirençli ve karşılıklı F1 çapraz melezlerinin yaşam tablosu parametreleri,
Lincoln Üniversitesi (Yeni Zelanda)’de hassas ırkın LC₅₀ ve LC₉₉'unda
propargite kalıntılarının varlığında ve yokluğunda çalışılmıştır. Tüm
bireylerin yaşam tablosu verileri, yaş-evre, iki cinsiyetli yaşam tablosu
kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Duyarlı ırkın LC₅₀ değerleri,
herhangi bir ırkta gelişim zamanını etkilememiştir. Bununla birlikte, hassas ırkın
LC₉₉'u, propargite dirençli ırkın gelişim süresini yaklaşık iki gün
uzatmıştır. Duyarlı ırkın LC₅₀ değerleri, propargite dirençli ırkın ve S^♂ × R^♀
hibridinin kalıtsal üreme yeteneği (r_m), R_o
ve toplam döl verimi, hassas ırk ve R^♂ × S^♂hibritine kıyasla daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Popülasyon tahminleri, T. urticae'nin ırkları / melezlerinin
yaşam tablosu parametrelerindeki nispeten küçük farklılıkların etkilerini
incelemek için kullanılmıştır. Uygulama yapılmayan kontrol grupları için hassas
ırk 10 dölden sonra en yüksek popülasyon tahminini vermiştir. Duyarlı ırkın LC₅₀
değeri uygulanan gruplarda, tahmin edilen popülasyon büyüklüğü, propargite
dirençli ırkın ergin dişi sayısının, hassas ırkın yerine geçtiğini
göstermiştir. Hibrid S^♂ × R^♀, hassas ırkın
LC₅₀'si ile uygulamadan en fazla artmıştır. Bu yüzden, farklı ırkların
kademeli başarısı, bir bölgede yetiştirme sezonu boyunca direnç sıklığını değiştirebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kalıtsal üreme yeteneği, yaşam tablosu parametreleri, popülasyon tahmini, propargite, direnç, Tetranychus urticae

Kaynakça

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