Study on species composition of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cotton in Çukurova plain, Turkey

Abstract

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most important pest species on cotton in the Çukurova Plain as well as in all cotton growing areas of Turkey. Although numerous studies on population dynamics, population development and parasitism were conducted on B. tabaci in the Çukurova Plain, there has been a few studies on the species complex of B. tabaci for this region. The aims of this study were to present genetic polymorphism and species composition of B. tabaci collected from cotton fields of Çukurova Plain of Turkey between 2006 and 2011 (except 2010). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were generated from a mitochondrial gene, cytochrome oxidase I (COI), and a nuclear gene region (ITS1). PCR products were purified and sequenced. Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian analyses were used to estimate trees. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method was also applied to support results of sequence analysis and differentiating the MED and MEAM1 species of B. tabaci populations. From 51 sequences 38 of them were determined as B. tabaci MED species, and 13 of them were B. tabaci MEAM1. All samples collected in 2006 were placed in the B. tabaci MEAM1 clade with some samples collected in 2011. All PCR products were studied by RFLP method and we were able to differentiate MED and MEAM1 species of B. tabaci. MED species was determined as dominant on cotton in Çukurova Plain of Turkey

Keywords

• Bemisia tabaci
• biotypes
• cotton
• sequence
• PCR-RFLP
• whitefly

Çukurova'da pamukta bulunan Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)'nin tür kompleksi üzerine çalışmalar

Öz

Beyazsinek Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Çukurova'da ve Türkiye'de pamuk üretimi yapılan diğer alanlarda, pamuğun en önemli zararlıları arasında yer almaktadır. Çukurova'da B. tabaci'nin populasyon dinamiği, populasyon gelişimi ve parazitlenme durumu ile ilgili birçok çalışma yapılmasına rağmen, B. tabaci'nin tür kompleksi hakkında çok az çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı 2006-2011 (2010 hariç) yılları arasında Çukurova'dan pamuk tarlalarından toplanan B. tabaci'nin genetik polimorfizmi ile tür kompleksinin ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) ürünleri bir mitokondriyal gen olan sitokrom oksidaz I (COI) ve bir nüklear gen bölgesi olan ITS1’den elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen PZR ürünleri saflaştırılmış ve sekanslanmıştır. Filogenetik ağaç, Maximum likelihood (ML) ve Bayesian analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Sekans analizi sonuçlarının desteklenmesi ve B. tabaci'nin MED (Q biyotip) ve MEAM1 (B biyotip) türlerinin belirlenmesinde Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) metodu da kullanılmıştır. Toplam 51 sekans örneğinin 38 tanesi B. tabaci'nin MED türü olarak belirlenirken, 13 adedi MEAM1 olarak belirlenmiştir. 2011 yılında toplanan birkaç örnek ile beraber 2006 yılında toplanan örneklerin tamamı MEAM1 içerisinde yer almıştır. Ayrıca PZR sonucunda elde edilen ürünlerin tamamı RFLP metodu ile çalışılmış ve B. tabaci'nin MED ve MEAM1 türleri bu yöntemle de ayrılmıştır. Çukurova'da pamuk bitkisinde MED baskın tür olarak belirlenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bemisia tabaci
• biyotipler
• pamuk
• sekans PCR-RFLP
• beyazsinek

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