Cicer türlerinde yaprak galeri sineğine [Liriomyza cicerina Rond. (Diptera: Agromyzidae)] dayanıklılığın geliştirilmesi

Öz

Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) yaprak galeri sineği [Liriomyza cicerina Rond. (Diptera: Agromyzidae)] dikkate değer verim kayıplarına yol açtığı için Türkiye’deki en önemli ve yaygın zararlılardan biridir. Nohutta yaprak galeri sineği zararının üstesinden gelmek için en etkili, pratik, çevreci ve ekonomik çözümlerden biri dayanıklı çeşitler kullanılmasıdır. Bu çalışma C. arietinum ve C. reticulatum türlerinin dahil olduğu iki Cicer türünde mutasyon ıslahı ile yaprak galeri sineğine dayanıklı mutant seçmeyi amaçlamıştır. Genotipler 200, 300 ve 400 Gy gamma ışınları ile ışınlanmıştır. Sekiz mutant, dokuz ıslah hattı, iki hassas kontrol ve bir dayanıklı kontrolü içeren toplam 20 genotip yaprak galeri sineğine dayanıklılık için iki yıl karşılaştırılmışlardır. C. reticulatum’un koyu pigmentli ve çok yaprakcıklı bir mutantı yaprak galeri sineğine bulaşmış doğal epidemi koşullarında yaprak galeri sineğine karşı çok dayanıklı olarak bulunmuştur. C. reticulatum kültürü yapılan nohutlarla kolayca melezlenebildiği için yaprak galeri sineğine karşı dayanıklı çeşit geliştirmede kullanışlı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nohut
• Cicer reticulatum
• yaprak galeri sineği
• Liriomyza cicerina

Improvement of leaf miner [Liriomyza cicerina Rond. (Diptera: Agromyzidae)] resistance in Cicer species

Abstract

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) leaf miner [Liriomyza cicerina Rond. (Diptera: Agromyzidae)] is one of the main insect pests of chickpea since it causes substantial yield losses in Turkey. The most efficient practical, environmental and economical solutions to overcome leaf miner damage in chickpea is the utilization of resistant cultivars. The present study aims selecting resistance for leaf miner via mutation breeding in two Cicer species viz. C. arietinum L. and C. reticulatum Ladiz. Genotypes were irradiated with 200, 300 and 400 Gy gamma rays. A total of 20 genotypes consisting of eight mutants, nine breeding lines, and two susceptible controls and one resistant control were compared for resistance to leaf miner for two years. A highly pigmented mutant of C. reticulatum with multipinnate leaves was highly resistant to leaf miner comparing with the controls and breeding lines under field conditions. It may be useful to develop cultivars for resistance to leaf miner since C. reticulatum can be easily crossed with the cultivated chickpeas.

Keywords

• Chickpea
• Cicer reticulatum
• leaf miner
• Liriomyza cicerina

Kaynakça

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