Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against neonate larvae of Capnodis tenebrionis (L., 1758) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 43 Sayı: 3, 279 - 285, 01.09.2019

Çiğdem Şahin Uğur Gözel

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.543469

Cited By: 3

Öz

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) have a high potential for control of pests living in isolated places such as underground or galleries.In this study, mortality rates of Capnodis tenebrionis (L., 1758) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) larvae from four EPN species Steinernema affine Bovien, 1937, Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser, 1934, Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, 1934 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) collected from Turkey under controlled conditions were determined. EPN used in the study were cultured on Galleria mellonella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Adults of C. tenebrionis were collected from the orchards of Çanakkale Province and, eggs and larvae were cultured under controlled conditions. Three densities of EPN species, viz. 50, 500 and 1000 infective juveniles/C. tenebrionis, were applied in 12-well plates. Cherry saplings were planted into pots with sterilized soil mixture and 10 neonate larvae of C. tenebrionisadded to each pot. To each pot, 40,000 infective juveniles were applied for each EPN species in 10 ml of water. Mortalities of C. tenebrionis larvae were determined 1, 3, 5 and 7 d after application. In the plates, mortality of C. tenebrionis larvae increased with time after EPN application. For all application rates, mortality of C. tenebrionis larvae was 100% by day 5. Mortality of C. tenebrionis larvae ranged between 50 and 90% depending on species and time in pots. Efficacy studies were conducted in 2016 in Çanakkale. Research on the efficacy of EPN species that have a high mortality under controlled conditions is important to determine their potential to control the target pest.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Capnodis tenebrionis, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema affine, Steinernema carpocapsae, Steinernema feltiae

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK TOVAG project 116O361).

Proje Numarası

Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK TOVAG project 116O361).

Teşekkür

This research was a part of the doctoral thesis of first author and it was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK TOVAG project 116O361).

Capnodis tenebrionis (L., 1758) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)’in ilk dönem larvalarına karşı entomopatojen nematodların etkinliği

Öz

Toprak altı ve galeriler gibi izole alanlarda yaşayan zararlıların mücadelesinde entomopatojen nematodlar (EPN) yüksek bir potansiyele sahiptir.Bu çalışmada Türkiye’den elde edilen dört entomopatojen nematod (EPN) türünün Steinernema affine Bovien, 1937, Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser, 1955, Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, 1934 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) ve Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) kontrollü koşullarda Capnodis tenebrionis (L., 1758) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) larvalarında meydana getirdikleri ölüm oranları belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan EPN’ler laboratuvarda Galleria mellonella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) üzerinde üretilmiştir. Capnodis tenebrionis erginleri Çanakkale ili meyve bahçelerinden toplanmış ve kontrollü koşullarda yumurta ve larvaları üretilmiştir. EPN türlerinin 50, 500 ve 1000 infektif jüvenil/C. tenebrionis olmak üzere 3 farklı yoğunluğu 12 hücreli kuyucuklarda uygulanmıştır. Saksı denemelerinde, sterilize edilmiş toprak karışım içeren saksılara kiraz fidanları dikilmiş ve her saksıya 10’ar adet 1. dönem C. tenebrionis larvası bulaştırılmıştır. Kiraz fidanları sterilize toprak karışımı içeren saksılara dikilmiş ve her saksıya 10 adet 1. dönem C. tenebrionis larvası aktarılmıştır. Her saksıya her bir EPN türü için 40.000 infektif juvenile 10 ml su içerisinde uygulanmıştır. C. tenebrionis larvalarının ölüm oranları uygulamadan 1, 3, 5 ve 7 gün sonra belirlenmiştir.  Tüm uygulama oranlarında C. tenebrionis larvalarının ölüm oranı 5. günde %100’dür. Capnodis tenebrionis larvalarının ölüm oranları türe ve zamana bağlı olarak %50-90 arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Etkinlik çalışmaları 2016 yılında Çanakkale ilinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kontrollü koşullar altında yüksek ölüm oranına sahip olan EPN türlerinin etkinliklerinin araştırılması hedef zararlının kontrolü için potansiyellerini belirlemek için önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Capnodis tenebrionis, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema affine, Steinernema carpocapsae, Steinernema feltiae

Proje Numarası

Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK TOVAG project 116O361).

Kaynakça

• Abu Jbara, A., 2005. Identification and Bioecology of Capnodis spp. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Irbid Governate, Jordan. University of Jordan, (Unpublished) M.Sc. Thesis, Amman, Jordan, 81 pp.
• Akhurst, R. J., 1993. “Bacterial Symbionts of Entomopathogenic Nematodes: The Power Behind the Throne, 127-135”. In: Nematodes and the Biological Control of Insect Pests (Eds. R. Bedding, R. Akhurst & H. K. Kaya). CSIRO Publications, East Melbourne, Australia, 266 pp.
• Bedding, R. A. & R. J. Akhurst, 1975. A simple technique for the detection of insect parasitic rhabditid nematodes in soil. Nematologica, 21: 109-110.
• Bedding R. A., A. S. Molyneux & R. J. Akhurst, 1983. Heterorhabditis spp., Neoaplectana spp. and Steinernema kraussei: interspecific and intraspecific differences in infectivity for insects. Experimental Parasitology, 55: 249-257.
• Ben-Yehuda, S., F. Assael, & Z. Mendel, 2000. Improved chemical control of Capnodis tenebrionis and C. carbonaria in stone-fruit plantations in Israel. Phytoparasitica, 28:1-16.
• Bonsignore, C. P., V. Vacante & F. Manti, 2008. Field and tree distribution of Capnodis tenebrionis (Linnaeus, 1767) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) adults in an apricot orchard in Italy. Journal of Applied Entomology, 132: 216-224.
• David'yan, G. E., 2003. Capnodis tenebrionis (L.). Peach flatheaded rootborer. (Web page: http://www.agroatlas.ru/en/ content/pests/Capnodis tenebrionis/index.html) (Date accessed: October 2018).
• Garcia del Pino, F. & A. Morton, 2005. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against neonate larvae of Capnodis tenebrionis (L.) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in laboratory trials. Biocontrol, 50: 307-316.
• Garrido, A., T. Del Busto & J. Malagon, 1987. Método de recogida de bueuos de Capnodis tenebrionis L. (Col. Buprestidae) y algunos factores abioticos que pueden condicionar la puesta. Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal Plagas, 13: 303-309.
• Grewal, P. S., E. E. Lewis & R. Gaugler, 1997. Response of infective stage parasites (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) to volatile cues from infected hosts. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 23: 503-515.
• Hourieh, A., N. Allouf & Z. Musallam, 2008. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematode isolates extracted from stone-fruit orchards in Lattakia region against neonate larvae of Capnodis carbonaria and Capnodis tenebrionis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in laboratory. Biological Sciences Series, 30: 70-82.
• Kaya, H. K., 1985. Susceptibility of early larval stages of Pseudaletia unipuncta and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to the entomogenous nematode Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 46: 58-62.
• Kaya, H. K. & Stock, S.P. 1997. “Techniques in Insect Nematology, 281-324”. In: Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology (Ed. L. Lacey). Academic Press, San Diego, California, USA, 409 pp.
• Marannino, P., E. Tarasco & E. de Lillo, 2003. Biological notes on larval hatching in Capnodis tenebrionis (L.) (Coleoptera Buprestidae) and evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes in controlling neonate larvae. Redia, 86: 101-105.
• Martinez de Altube, M. M., O. Strauch, G. F. De Castro & A. M. Pena, 2008. Control of the flat-headed root borer Capnodis tenebrionis (Linné) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) with the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) in a chitosan formulation in apricot orchards. Biocontrol, 53 (3): 531-539.
• Morton, A. & F. Garcia del Pino, 2008. Field efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae against the Mediterranean flat-headed rootborer Capnodis tenebrionis. Journal of Applied Entomology, 132 (8): 632-637.
• Morton, A. & F. Garcia del Pino, 2009. Virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes to different stages of the flatheaded root borer, Capnodis tenebrionis (L.) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Nematology, 11 (3): 365-373.
• Sanna-Passino, G. & G. Delrio, 2001. Eficacia de plaguicidas sobre larvas de Capnodis tenebrionis (L.). Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal Plagas, 27: 59-64.
• Şahin, Ç. & U. Gözel, 2017. “Preliminary studies on distribution and biology of Capnodis tenebrionis L. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Çanakkale Province, 348”. VIII. International Symposium on Ecology and Environmental Problems (4-7 October 2017, Çanakkale, Turkey), 388 pp.
• Şahin, Ç., H. Ataş & U. Gözel, 2018a. “Capnodis tenebrionis Linnaeus, 1758’in ilk dönem larvalarına karşı entomopatojen nematodların etkinliğinin araştırılması, 151”. Uluslararası Katılımlı Türkiye VII. Bitki Koruma Kongresi (14-17 November 2018, Muğla, Turkey), 243 pp.
• Şahin, Ç., Ç. Gözel, H. Ataş & U. Gözel, 2018b. “Investigation on the effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes against neonate larvae of Capnodis tenebrionis Linnaeus, 1758, 643”. International Agricultural Science Congress (09-12 May 2018, Van, Turkey), 726 pp.
• Shields, E. J., 2015. “Utilizing Persistent Entomopathogenic Nematodes in A Conservation or A More Classical Biological Control Approach, 165-186”. In: Nematode Pathogenesis of Insects and Other Pests: Ecology and Applied Technologies for Sustainable Plant and Crop Protection (Ed. R. Campos-Herrera). Springer, New York, U.S.A., 531 pp.
• White, G. F., 1927. A method for obtaining infective nematode larvae from cultures. Science, 66: 302-303.
• Yiğit, T., M., Kubilay, S. Hazır, S. Özcan, T. Çevik & H. Ş. Öylek, 2015. “Evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi and nematode against Capnodis tenebrionis L. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) larvae in apricot orchards, 243-248”. XVI. International Symposium on Apricot Breeding and Culture (June 29-July 3, 2015, Shenyang, China), 306 pp.