Determination of Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) species by morphological and molecular methods in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 45 Sayı: 2, 255 - 268, 01.06.2021

Başak Ulaşlı , Feza Can Cengiz

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.894266

Cited By: 3

Öz

Morphological identification of the majority of Zygaenidae species in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey was undertaken and a phylogenetic tree of these species was generated. Sampling was performed between May and September in 2017 and 2018 in Adana, Hatay, Kahramanmaraş, Mersin and Osmaniye Provinces. This area is a zoogeographical junction between central Anatolia and the Levant. The species were collected by sweep net and visual control methods. Thirteen Zygaenidae species identified: Theresimima ampellophaga (Bayle-Barelle, 1808), Adscita (Adscita) obscura (Zeller, 1847), Jordanita (Tremewania) notata (Zeller, 1847), Jordanita (Praviela) anatolica (Naufock, 1929), Jordanita (Solaniterna) subsolana (Staudinger, 1862) (Procridinae), Zygaena (Mesembrynus) diaphana Staudinger, 1887, Zygaena (Mesembrynus) graslini Lederer, 1855, Zygaena (Mesembrynus) punctum Ochsenheimer, 1808, Zyganea (Agrumenia) olivieri Boisduval, 1828, Zygaena (Agrumenia) carniolica (Scopoli, 1763), Zygaena (Agrumenia) viciae (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775), Zygaena (Agrumenia) loti (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) and Zygaena (Zygaena) filipendulae (L., 1758). Macherey-Nagel NucleoSpin kit was used for DNA extraction and PCR was performed with LCO1490/HCO2198 primer pair for the mtCOI gene region. This analysis effectively separated these genera and species in the phylogenic tree, and these data supported the morphological identification.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eastern Mediterranean Region, Lepidoptera, phylogeny, systematic, Zygaenidae

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific Research Projects Unit by Hatay Mustafa Kemal University and Scientific and Technological Research council of Turkey (TUBITAK)

Proje Numarası

Respectly, 16782 and 218O174

Teşekkür

The authors are grateful to Dr. Konstantin A. Efetov (Department of Biological Chemistry and Laboratory of Biotechnology, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University), Gerhard M. Tarmann (Tyrolean State Museum, Natural Science Department, Austria), Axel Hofmann (Linkenheim-Hochstetten, Germany) and Ana Nahirnic (National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences) for verify the species identification.

Türkiye’nin Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’ndeki Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) türlerinin morfolojik ve moleküler yöntemler kullanılarak tanılanması

Öz

Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’ndeki Zygaenidae türlerinin çoğunluğunun morfolojik tanılaması yapılmış ve bu türlerin filogenetik ağacı oluşturulmuştur. Örneklemeler Adana, Hatay, Kahramanmaraş, Mersin ve Osmaniye illerinde, 2017 ve 2018 yıllarının mayıs-eylül aylarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bölge Orta Anadolu ile Levant arasında zoocoğrafik ilişki kuran bir konumdadır. Atrap ve gözle kontrol metotları kullanılarak toplam 13 tür, Theresimima ampellophaga (Bayle-Barelle, 1808), Adscita (Adscita) obscura (Zeller, 1847), Jordanita (Tremewania) notata (Zeller, 1847), Jordanita (Praviela) anatolica (Naufock, 1929), Jordanita (Solaniterna) subsolana (Staudinger, 1862) (Procridinae), Zygaena (Mesembrynus) diaphana Staudinger, 1887, Zygaena (Mesembrynus) graslini Lederer, 1855, Zygaena (Mesembrynus) punctum Ochsenheimer, 1808, Zyganea (Agrumenia) olivieri Boisduval, 1828, Zygaena (Agrumenia) carniolica (Scopoli, 1763), Zygaena (Agrumenia)) viciae (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775), Zygaena (Agrumenia) loti (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) ve Zygaena (Zygaena) filipendulae (L., 1758) belirlenmiştir. DNA ekstraksiyonunda Macherey-Nagel NucleoSpin Insect DNA izolasyon kiti ve PCR analizlerinde ise mtCOI gen bölgesinden LCO1490/HCO2198 primer çifti kullanılmıştır. Bu primer çifti ile türleri cins ve tür düzeyinde ayırmanın uygun olduğu ve elde edilen verilerin morfolojik tanımlamayı desteklediği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi, Lepidoptera, filogeni, sistematik, Zygaenidae

Proje Numarası

Respectly, 16782 and 218O174

Kaynakça

• Alberti, B., 1954. Über die stammesgeschichtliche Gliederung der Zygaenidae nebst Revision einiger Gruppen (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 30: 115-480.
• Alberti, B., 1958. Über den stammesgeschichtlichen Aufbau der Gattung Zygaena und ihrer Vorstufen (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 34: 245-396.
• Alberti, B., 1959. Über den stammesgeschichtlichen Aufbau der Gattung Zygaena F. und ihrer Vorstufen (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Humboldt-Universität Berlin,35: 203-242.
• Anonymous, 2021. National center for biotechnology information (NCBI). (Web page: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) (Date accessed: 01.02.2020).
• Can Cengiz, F., K. A. Efetov, K. Kaya, E. E. Kucherenko, Z. Okyar & G. M Tarmann, 2018. Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) of Thrace Region of Turkey. Nota Lepidopterologica, 41 (1): 23-36.
• Can, F., 2009. DNA barcoding confirms species rank for a cryptic geometrid species from Turkey and Bulgaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Sterrhinae). Zootaxa, 2314 (1): 63-68.
• Can, F., K. A. Efetov, J. Burman, K. Kaya, E. E. Kucherenko, B. Ulaşlı & G. M. Tarmann, 2019. A study of the Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) fauna of Central Anatolia Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 43 (2): 189-199.
• Can, F., B. Ulaşlı & A. Hausmann, 2018. An integrative approach to understand the biogeography, taxonomy and ecology of the Macroheteroceran fauna of the Amanos Mountains in Southern Turkey. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 20 (2): 91-101.
• Çıplak, B., 2003. Distribution of Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae) bush-crickets in Turkey: the importance of the Anatolian Taurus Mountains in biodiversity and implications for conservation. Biodiversity & Conservation, 12 (1): 47-64.
• Doğanlar, F., 2003. Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi Geometridae (Lepidoptera) Familyası Üzerinde Faunistik ve Sistematik Araştırmalar. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı, (Unpublished) PhD Thesis, Adana, Turkey, 295 pp (in Turkish with abstract in English).
• Efetov, K. A., F. Can, T. B. Toshova & M. Subchev, 2010a. New sex attractant for Jordanita anatolica (Naufock) (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae: Procridinae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 62 (3): 315-319.
• Efetov, K. A., A. Hofmann, G. M. Tarmann & W. G. Tremewan, 2014. Taxonomic comments on the treatment of the Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) in volume 3 of Moths of Europe, Zygaenids, Pyralids 1 and Brachodids (2012). Nota Lepidopterologica, 37 (2): 123-133.
• Efetov, K. A., A. V. Kirsanova, Z. S. Lazareva, E. V. Parshkova, G. M., Tarmann & R. Rougerie, 2010b. “Early results in DNA barcoding of Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera), pp. 7-8. 7”. XII. International Symposium on Zygaenidae, (5-9 May 2010, Hatay-Turkey) 26 pp.
• Efetov, K. A., A. V. Kirsanova, Z. S. Lazareva, E. V. Parshkova, G. M. Tarmann, R. Rougerie & P. D. N. Hebert, 2019. DNA barcoding of Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera): results and perspectives. Nota Lepidopterologica, 42 (2): 137-150.
• Efetov, K. A., Z. S. Lazareva, E. V. Parshkova & G. M. Tarmann, 2021. Molecular genetic characters of species of the genus Jordanita Verity, 1946 (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae, Procridinae): DNA barcodes and corresponding amino acid sequences. Russian Journal of Genetics, 57 (1): 61-69.
• Efetov, K. A., E. V.Parshkova, L. G. Tarasova & G. M. Tarmann, 2015. The karyotypes of Procridinae (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae), with the first record of the karyotype of Pollanisus commoni Tarmann, 2004, a representative of the tribe Artonini. Entomologist’s Gazette, 66 (2): 121-125.
• Efetov, K. A. & G. M. Tarmann, 2012. A Checklist of the Palearctic Procridinae (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae). CSMU Press, Simferopol & Innsbruck, 108 рp.
• Efetov, K. A. & G. M. Tarmann, 2014. Illiberis (Alterasvenia) banmauka sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae, Procridinae) from China and Myanmar. Entomologist’s Gazette, 65 (1): 62-70.
• Efetov, K. A. & G. M. Tarmann, 2017. The hypothetical ground plan of the Zygaenidae, with a review of the possible autapomorphies of the Procridinae and the description of the Inouelinae subfam. nov. Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society, 71 (1): 20-49.
• Epstein, M. E., 1996. Revision and Phylogeny of the Limacodid group Families, with Evolutionary Studies on Slug Caterpillars (Lepidoptera, Zygaenoidea). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D. C., 112 pp.
• FAO, 2019. Türkiye’nin Biyoçeşitliliği: Genetik Kaynakların Sürdürülebilir Tarım ve Gıda Sistemlerine Katkısı. Ankara. 222 pp (in Turkish).
• Folmer, O., M. Black, W. Hoeh, R. Lutz & R. Vrijenhoek, 1994. DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome coxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology & Biotechnology, 3 (5): 294-299.
• Hausmann, A., 2001. The Geometrid Moths of Europe. Apollo Books, Strenstrup-Denmark, Volume I, 282 pp.
• Hebert, P. D. N., A. Cywinska, S. L. Ball & J. R. de Waard, 2003a. Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 270 (1512): 313-321.
• Hebert, P. D. N., S. Ratnasingham & J. R. deWaard, 2003b. Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proceedings of the Royal (Supplement 1), 270: S96-S99.
• Hofmann, A. & W. G. Tremewan, 1996. A Systematic Catalogue of the Zygaeninae (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae). Harley Books, Colchester, 251 рp.
• Hofmann, A. & W. G. Tremewan, 2017. The Natural History of Burnet Moths, Part I. Museum Witt Munich and Nature Research Center Vilnius, 630 pp.
• Kumar, S., G. Stecher, M. Li., C. Knyaz & K. Tamura, 2018. MEGA X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology & Evolution, 35 (6):1547-1549.
• Kuyulu, A. & H. Genç, 2020. Genetic diversity of codling moth Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) populations in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 44 (5): 462-471.
• Mann, J. J., 1862. Verzeichniss der im Jahre 1851 bei Brussa in Kleinasien gesammelten Schmetterlinge, Tafel 3. Wiener Entomologische Monatsschrift, 6: 373-409.
• Mironov, V., 2003. The Geometrid Moths of Europe. Apollo Books, Strenstrup-Denmark, Volume 4, 464 pp.
• Nahirnic, A., 2019. Zygaena diaphana Staudinger, 1887 bona species (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae). SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología, 47 (186): 341-347.
• Nazarov, V. V. & K. A. Efetov, 1993. On the role of Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) in pollination of Anacamptis pyramidalis (Orchidaceae). Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 72 (10): 54-67.
• Nei, M. & S. Kumar, 2000. Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics. Oxford University Press, New York, 333 pp.
• Niehuis, O., A. Hofmann, C. M. Naumann & B. Misof, 2007. Evolutionary history of the burnet moth genus Zygaena Fabricius, 1775 (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae) inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data: phylogeny, host-plant association, wing pattern evolution and historical biogeography. The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 92 (3): 501-520.
• Niehuis, O., C. M. Naumann & B. Misof, 2006a. Phylogenetic analysis of Zygaenoidea small-subunit rRNA structural variation implies initial oligophagy on cyanogenic host plants in larvae of the moth genus Zygaena (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 147 (3): 367-381.
• Niehuis, O., S. H. Yen, C. M. Naumann & B. Misof, 2006b. Higher phylogeny of zygaenid moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data and the evolution of larval cuticular cavities for chemical defence. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution, 39 (3): 812-829.
• Okyar, Z., K. A. Efetov, K. Kaya & G. M. Tarmann & F. Can, 2018. “Preliminary list of the Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) of Turkey, 37”. XVI. International Symposium on Zygaenidae (1-5 May 2018, İzmir, Turkey), 39 pp. Ratnasingham, S. & P. D. N. Hebert, 2007. The barcode of life data system. Molecular Ecology Notes, 7 (3): 355-364.
• Schmitt, T. & A. Seitz, 2004. Low diversity but high differentiation: the population genetics of Aglaope infausta (Zygaenidae: Lepidoptera). Journal of Biogeography 31 (1): 137-144.
• Serdar, M., 2014. Erzurum İli Geometridae (Lepidoptera) Türlerinin DNA Barkodlama Yöntemiyle Karakterizasyonu. Atatürk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı, (Unpublished) Master Thesis, Erzurum, Turkey, 74 pp. (in Turkish with abstract in English).
• Sihvonen, P. & K. Nupponen, 2005. Taxonomy of Rhodostrophia jacularia (Hubner, 1813) a Sterrhinae moth with variable female wing shape (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Nota Lepidopterologica, 28 (2): 113-122.
• Spalding, A., I. Fukova & H. R. Constant-Ffrench, 2013. The genetics of Luperina nickerlii Freyer, 1985 in Europes (Noctuidae). Nota Lepidopterologica, 36 (1): 35-46.
• Tarmann, G. M., 1984. Generische Revision der amerikanischen Zygaenidae mit Beschreibung neuer Gattungen und Arten (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Entomofauna (Zeitschrift für Entomologie) Supplemantary, 2 (1): 176 pp.
• Tarmann, G. M., 1994. A preliminary review of the classification of the zygaenid subfamily Procridinae (Lepidoptera). Nota Lepidopterologica, 5: 115-123.
• Tarmann, G. M., 2003. “Zygaenidae as pest species, 151-229”. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera), (4-8 September 2000, Innsbruck) (Eds. K. A. Efetov, W. G. Tremewan & G. M. Tarmann). Simferopol. Crimean State Medical University Press, 360/151-229 pp.
• Tarmann, G. M., 2004. “Zygaenid moths of Australia: A revision of the Australian Zygaenidae (Procridinae: Artonini)”. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, 248 pр.
• Tarmann, G. M., 2009. Die Vinschgauer Trockenrasen-ein Zustandsbericht auf Basis der Bioindikatoren Tagfalter und Widderchen (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera, Zygaenidae). Wissenschaftliches Jahrbuch der Tiroler Landesmuseen 2: 306-350.
• Wilson, J. J., 2012. “DNA Barcodes for Insects, 17-46”. In: DNA Barcodes. Methods in Molecular Biology: Methods and Protocols (Eds. W. Kress & D. Erickson), Humana Press, Totowa, Vol 858, 470 pp.
• Yen, S. H., 2003. Phylogeny and systematics of the major lineages of Chalcosiinae s.l. (Zygaenidae s.l.): preliminary observations on morphological characters. Systematic Entomology, 30 (3): 358-397.
• Zeller, P. C., 1847. Verzeichniss der vom Prof. Dr Loew in der Türkeij und Asien gesammelten Lepidoptera. Isis von Oken, 40: 3-39.