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The Role of Economic Factors in Turkey's Carbon Neutrality Target

Yıl 2023, , 102 - 129, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1207540

Öz

Environmental degradation, which has increased in recent years, adversely affects the lives of many living beings in the world. While countries are increasing their level of prosperity, they often ignore the damage they cause to the world. However, climate change and extraordinary weather events that have left their mark on the last decade have once again revealed the seriousness of the problem. Undoubtedly, one of the most important reasons for this situation is the economic activities of the countries. In this context, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of economic growth and financial development on carbon neutrality in Turkey. In the analyses carried out with the data of the 1980-2020 period, the ARDL boundary testing was used to determine the cointegration relationship. FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR cointegration regressions were applied to check the robustness of long-term estimates of the ARDL test. According to the short- and long-term coefficient estimates, both financial development and economic growth positively affect carbon neutrality and prevent Turkey from achieving its carbon neutrality target for 2050. In addition, the validity of the EKC hypothesis for Turkey has been demonstrated. The results of the causality test show the presence of bidirectional causality between all variables in the short and long term. The study provides suggestions for policymakers by contributing to the carbon neutrality literature in Turkey.

Kaynakça

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Türkiye’nin Karbon Nötrlüğü Hedefinde Ekonomik Faktörlerin Rolü

Yıl 2023, , 102 - 129, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1207540

Öz

Son yıllarda artış gösteren çevresel bozulmalar, dünyada pek çok canlının hayatını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Ülkeler refah düzeylerini artırırken, dünyaya verdikleri zararı çoğu zaman göz ardı etmektedirler. Ancak son on yıla damgasını vuran iklim değişikliği ve sıra dışı hava olayları sorunun ciddiyetini bir kez daha gözler önüne sermiştir. Şüphesiz bu durumun en önemli sebeplerinden birisi ülkelerin ekonomik faaliyetleridir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada Türkiye’de ekonomik büyüme ve finansal gelişmenin karbon nötrlüğü üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. 1980-2020 dönemi verileri ile gerçekleştirilen analizlerde eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin tespit edilmesi amacıyla ARDL sınır testi kullanılmıştır. ARDL testi uzun dönem tahminlerinin sağlamlık kontrolü için FMOLS, DOLS ve CCR eşbütünleşme regresyonları uygulanmıştır. Uzun ve kısa dönem katsayı tahminlerine göre hem finansal gelişme hem de ekonomik büyüme karbon nötrlüğünü pozitif yönde etkilemekte ve Türkiye’nin 2050 yılı karbon nötrlüğü hedefine ulaşmasını engellemektedir. Ayrıca Türkiye için EKC hipotezinin geçerliliği ortaya konulmuştur. Nedensellik testi sonuçları kısa ve uzun dönemde tüm değişkenler arasında çift yönlü nedenselliğin varlığını göstermektedir. Çalışma, Türkiye’de karbon nötrlüğü literatürüne katkı sağlayarak politika yapıcılar için öneriler sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

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  • Acheampong, A.O. (2019). Modelling for insight: Does financial development improve environmental quality? Energy Economics, 83, 156-179. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2019.06.025
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  • Nurgazina, Z., Ullah, A., Ali, U., Koondhar, M.A. and Lu, Q. (2021). The impact of economic growth, energy consumption, trade openness, and financial development on carbon emissions: Empirical evidence from Malaysia. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 60195–60208. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14930-2
  • Ohajionu, U.C., Gyamfi, B.A., Haseki, M.I. and Bekun, F.V. (2022). Assessing the linkage between energy consumption, financial development, tourism and environment: Evidence from method of moments quantile regression. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29, 30004–30018. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-17920-6
  • Ozturk, I. and Acaravci, A. (2010). The causal relationship between energy consumption and GDP in Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania: Evidence from ARDL bound testing approach. Applied Energy, 87, 1938–1943. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.10.010
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  • Öcal, O., Altınöz, B. and Aslan, A. (2020). The effects of economic growth and energy consumption on ecological footprint and carbon emissions: Evidence from Turkey. Journal of Research in Economics, Politics & Finance, 5(3), 667-681. doi:10.30784/epfad.773461
  • Özdemir, B.K. ve Koç, K. (2020). Türkiye’de karbon emisyonları, yenilenebilir enerji ve ekonomik büyüme. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(1), 66-86. doi:10.18354/esam.665191
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  • Pejović, B., Karadžić, V., Dragašević, Z. and Backović, T. (2021). Economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the countries of the European Union and the Western Balkans. Energy Reports, 7, 2775-2783. doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2021.05.011
  • Pesaran, M. and Shin, Y. (1999). An autoregressive distributed lag modeling approach to cointegration analysis. In S. Strom (Ed.), Econometrics and economic theory in the 20th century: The Ragnar Frisch Centennial Symposium (pp. 371-413). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  • Qin, L., Hou, Y., Miao, X., Zhang, X., Rahim, S. and Kirikkaleli, D. (2021). Revisiting financial development and renewable energy electricity role in attaining China's carbon neutrality target. Journal of Environmental Management, 297, 113335. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113335
  • Qudrat-Ullah, H. and Nevo, C.M. (2022). Analysis of the dynamic relationships among renewable energy consumption, economic growth, financial development, and carbon dioxide emission in five Sub-Saharan African countries. Energies, 15, 5953. doi:10.3390/en15165953
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  • Rahman, M.M. and Alam, K. (2022). CO2 emissions in Asia–Pacific region: Do energy use, economic growth, financial development, and international trade have detrimental effects? Sustainability, 14, 5420. doi:10.3390/su14095420
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  • Terzi, H. ve Bekar, S. (2019). Türkiye’de doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, turizm ve dışa açıklık arasındaki ilişki: 1974-2014 dönemi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 20(1), 15-30. doi:10.31671/ dogus.2019.414
  • Thampanya, N., Wu, J. and Cowton, C. (2021). Carbon neutrality targets, optimal environmental management strategies & the role of financial development: New evidence incorporating non-linear effects and different income levels. Journal of Environmental Management, 297, 113352. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113352
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  • Usman, M., Jahanger, A., Makhdum, M.S.A., Balsalobre-Lorente, D. and Bashir, A. (2022). How do financial development, energy consumption, natural resources, and globalization affect Arctic countries' economic growth and environmental quality? An advanced panel data simulation. Energy, 241, 122515. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.122515
  • Weili, L., Khan, H., Khan, I. and Han, L. (2022). The impact of information and communication technology, financial development, and energy consumption on carbon dioxide emission: Evidence from the Belt and Road countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29, 27703–27718. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-18448-5
  • Xu, Y., Umar, M., Kirikkaleli, D., Adebayo, T.S. and Altuntaş, M. (2022). Carbon neutrality target in Turkey: Measuring the impact of technological innovation and structural change. Gondwana Research, 109, 429–441. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2022.04.015
  • Yıldırım, A.E. and Yıldırım, M.O. (2021). Revisiting the determinants of carbon emissions for Turkey: The role of construction sector. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 42325–42338. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-13722-y
Toplam 84 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Finans
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Münevvere Yıldız 0000-0001-9541-2603

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2023
Kabul Tarihi 29 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Yıldız, M. (2023). Türkiye’nin Karbon Nötrlüğü Hedefinde Ekonomik Faktörlerin Rolü. Ekonomi Politika Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(1), 102-129. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1207540