This paper aims to examine the causal relationship between real estate and stock prices in Türkiye over the 2010-2023 period and uncover whether the wealth effect or the credit price effect has been dominant. This study investigates the association between real estate prices and stock prices in Türkiye using both linear and non-linear ARDL cointegration models. A recently developed non-linear ARDL technique by Shin, Yu, and Greenwood-Nimmo (2014) is employed to investigate possible asymmetric relationships between real estate and stock prices. Linear ARDL bounds test results indicate strong evidence of wealth effect for Türkiye. The findings of the non-linear ARDL technique reveal that there is a strong asymmetric association between real estate and stock prices in Türkiye and there is evidence of the existence of both wealth and credit price effects. The asymmetric association is more dominant in the credit price effect model. The findings of the study will help both investors and policymakers to establish effective policies for developing portfolios considering the asymmetric associations and provide a better understanding of the driving forces behind real estate prices.
Afşar, A. and Karpuz, E. (2019). Makroekonomik değişkenlerle Borsa İstanbul gayrimenkul yatırım ortaklıkları endeksi arasındaki ilişki. Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(1), 52-64. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/anadoluibfd
Al Refai, H., Eissa, M.A. and Zeitun, R. (2021). The dynamics of the relationship between real estate and stock markets in an energy-based economy: The case of Qatar. The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, 23, e00200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeca.2021.e00200
Ali, G. and Zaman, K. (2017). Do house prices influence stock prices? Empirical investigation from the panel of selected European Union countries. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 30(1), 1840-1849. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2017.1392882
BETAM. (2023). Economic growth and forecasts, August 2023. Retrieved from https://betam.bahcesehir.edu.tr/en/2023/09/economic-growth-and-forecasts-august-2023/
Büyükkara, Z.G., Özgüler, İ.C. and Hepsen, A. (2023). Relationship between housing, oil, gold and stock markets: Evidence from UK and Norway. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 18(2), 518-545. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-09-2023-0125
CBRT. (2024). Electronic data delivery system [Dataset]. Retrieved from https://evds2.tcmb.gov.tr/index.php?/evds/serieMarket
Chan, K.F., Treepongkaruna, S., Brooks, R. and Gray, S. (2011). Asset market linkages: Evidence from financial, commodity and real estate assets. Journal of Banking and Finance, 35(6), 1415-1426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2010.10.022
Chaudhry, N.I., Asad, H., Abdulghaffar, M. and Amir, M. (2021). Contagion effect of Covid-19 on stock market returns: Role of gold prices, real estate prices, and US dollar exchange rate. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 15(3), 614-635. Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/?locale=en
Gil-Alana, L.A., Yaya, O.S., Akinsomi, O. and Coşkun, Y. (2020). How do stocks in BRICS co-move with real estate stocks? International Review of Economics and Finance, 69, 93-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2020.04.014
Gökmenoğlu, K. and Hesami, S. (2019). Real estate prices and stock market in Germany: Analysis based on hedonic price index. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 12(4), 687-707. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-05-2018-0036
Hui, E.C.M. and Ng, I.M.H. (2012). Wealth effect, credit price effect, and the inter-relationships between Hong Kong’s property market and stock market. Property Management, 30(3), 255-273. https://doi.org/10.1108/02637471211233864
Ibrahim, M.H. (2010). House price-stock price relations in Thailand: An empirical analysis. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 3(1), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538271011027096
Irandoust, M. (2021). The causality between house prices and stock prices: Evidence from seven European countries. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 14(1), 137-156. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-02-2020-0013
Kakes, J. and Van Den End, J.W. (2004). Do stock prices affect house prices? Evidence for the Netherlands. Applied Economics Letters, 11(12), 741-744. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350485042000254863
Kapopoulos, P. and Siokis, F. (2005). Stock and real estate prices in Greece: Wealth versus ‘credit-price’ effect. Applied Economics Letters, 12(2), 125-128. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350485042000307107
Kartal, M.T., Kılıç Depren, S. and Depren, Ö. (2023). Housing prices in emerging countries during COVID-19: Evidence from Türkiye. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 16(3), 598-615. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-07-2021-0083
Lee, K.N.H. (2017). Residential property price-stock price nexus in Hong Kong: New evidence from ARDL bounds test. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 10(2), 204-220. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-03-2016-0020
MacKinnon, J.G. (1996). Numerical distribution functions for unit root and cointegration tests. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 11(6), 601-618. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1255(199611)11:6<601::AID-JAE417>3.0.CO;2-T
Mahmoudinia, D. and Mostolizadeh, S.M. (2023). (A)symmetric interaction between house prices, stock market and exchange rates using linear and nonlinear approach: The case of Iran. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 16(4), 648-671. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-01-2022-0008
Markowitz, H. (1952). Portfolio selection. The Journal of Finance, 7(1), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.2307/2975974
Okunev, J., Wilson, P. and Zurbruegg, Z. (2000). The causal relationship between real estate and stock markets. Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 21(3), 251-261. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012051719424
Pesaran, M.H., Shin, Y. and Smith, R.J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16, 289–326. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/
Shin, Y., Yu, B. and Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014). Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDL framework. In W. Horrace and R. Sickles (Eds.), The festschrift in honor of Peter Schmidt: Econometric methods and applications (pp. 281–314). New York: Springer.
Sim, S.H. and Chang, B.K. (2006). Stock and real estate markets in Korea: Wealth or credit-price effect. Journal of Economic Research, 11, 99-122. Retrieved from http://www.jer.or.kr/
Torun, E. and Demireli, E. (2022). Konut fiyatlarında sermaye piyasasının etkileri: Dinamik nedensellik ile Türkiye üzerine bir inceleme. Ekonomi, Politika & Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 334-365. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1107034
TURKSTAT. (2024). Yoksulluk ve yaşam koşulları istatistikleri, 2024 haber bülteni. Retrieved from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Yoksulluk-ve-Yasam-Kosullari-Istatistikleri-2024-53714
World Bank. (2024). Turkey. Retrieved from https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/turkey/overview#3
Yüksel, A. (2016). The relationship between stock and real estate prices in Turkey: Evidence around the global financial crisis. Central Bank Review, 16, 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbrev.2016.03.006
Gayrimenkul ve Hisse Senedi Fiyatları Arasındaki Nedenselliğin Dinamikleri: Türkiye'den Kanıtlar
Bu makale, 2010-2023 döneminde Türkiye'deki gayrimenkul ve hisse senedi fiyatları arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini incelemeyi ve servet etkisinin mi yoksa kredi fiyatı etkisinin mi baskın olduğunu ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada Türkiye’de gayrimenkul ve hisse senedi fiyatları arasındaki ilişki doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan ARDL eş bütünleşme modelleri kullanılarak incelenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, gayrimenkul ve hisse senedi fiyatları arasındaki olası asimetrik ilişkileri araştırmak için Shin, Yu ve Greenwood-Nimmo (2014) tarafından yakın zamanda geliştirilen doğrusal olmayan bir ARDL tekniği kullanılmaktadır. Doğrusal ARLD sınır testi sonuçları Türkiye için servet etkisine dair güçlü kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları, Türkiye’de gayrimenkul ve hisse senedi fiyatları arasında güçlü asimetrik bir ilişki olduğunu ve hem servet hem de kredi fiyatı etkilerinin varlığını ortaya koymaktadır. Asimetrik ilişki kredi fiyatı modelinde daha baskındır. Çalışmanın bulguları hem yatırımcıların hem de politika yapıcıların asimetrik ilişkileri göz önünde bulundurarak portföy geliştirmeye yönelik etkili politikalar oluşturmasına ve gayrimenkul fiyatlarının arkasındaki itici güçlerin daha iyi anlaşılmasına yardımcı olacaktır.
Afşar, A. and Karpuz, E. (2019). Makroekonomik değişkenlerle Borsa İstanbul gayrimenkul yatırım ortaklıkları endeksi arasındaki ilişki. Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(1), 52-64. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/anadoluibfd
Al Refai, H., Eissa, M.A. and Zeitun, R. (2021). The dynamics of the relationship between real estate and stock markets in an energy-based economy: The case of Qatar. The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, 23, e00200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeca.2021.e00200
Ali, G. and Zaman, K. (2017). Do house prices influence stock prices? Empirical investigation from the panel of selected European Union countries. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 30(1), 1840-1849. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2017.1392882
BETAM. (2023). Economic growth and forecasts, August 2023. Retrieved from https://betam.bahcesehir.edu.tr/en/2023/09/economic-growth-and-forecasts-august-2023/
Büyükkara, Z.G., Özgüler, İ.C. and Hepsen, A. (2023). Relationship between housing, oil, gold and stock markets: Evidence from UK and Norway. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 18(2), 518-545. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-09-2023-0125
CBRT. (2024). Electronic data delivery system [Dataset]. Retrieved from https://evds2.tcmb.gov.tr/index.php?/evds/serieMarket
Chan, K.F., Treepongkaruna, S., Brooks, R. and Gray, S. (2011). Asset market linkages: Evidence from financial, commodity and real estate assets. Journal of Banking and Finance, 35(6), 1415-1426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2010.10.022
Chaudhry, N.I., Asad, H., Abdulghaffar, M. and Amir, M. (2021). Contagion effect of Covid-19 on stock market returns: Role of gold prices, real estate prices, and US dollar exchange rate. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 15(3), 614-635. Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/?locale=en
Gil-Alana, L.A., Yaya, O.S., Akinsomi, O. and Coşkun, Y. (2020). How do stocks in BRICS co-move with real estate stocks? International Review of Economics and Finance, 69, 93-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2020.04.014
Gökmenoğlu, K. and Hesami, S. (2019). Real estate prices and stock market in Germany: Analysis based on hedonic price index. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 12(4), 687-707. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-05-2018-0036
Hui, E.C.M. and Ng, I.M.H. (2012). Wealth effect, credit price effect, and the inter-relationships between Hong Kong’s property market and stock market. Property Management, 30(3), 255-273. https://doi.org/10.1108/02637471211233864
Ibrahim, M.H. (2010). House price-stock price relations in Thailand: An empirical analysis. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 3(1), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538271011027096
Irandoust, M. (2021). The causality between house prices and stock prices: Evidence from seven European countries. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 14(1), 137-156. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-02-2020-0013
Kakes, J. and Van Den End, J.W. (2004). Do stock prices affect house prices? Evidence for the Netherlands. Applied Economics Letters, 11(12), 741-744. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350485042000254863
Kapopoulos, P. and Siokis, F. (2005). Stock and real estate prices in Greece: Wealth versus ‘credit-price’ effect. Applied Economics Letters, 12(2), 125-128. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350485042000307107
Kartal, M.T., Kılıç Depren, S. and Depren, Ö. (2023). Housing prices in emerging countries during COVID-19: Evidence from Türkiye. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 16(3), 598-615. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-07-2021-0083
Lee, K.N.H. (2017). Residential property price-stock price nexus in Hong Kong: New evidence from ARDL bounds test. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 10(2), 204-220. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-03-2016-0020
MacKinnon, J.G. (1996). Numerical distribution functions for unit root and cointegration tests. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 11(6), 601-618. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1255(199611)11:6<601::AID-JAE417>3.0.CO;2-T
Mahmoudinia, D. and Mostolizadeh, S.M. (2023). (A)symmetric interaction between house prices, stock market and exchange rates using linear and nonlinear approach: The case of Iran. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 16(4), 648-671. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-01-2022-0008
Markowitz, H. (1952). Portfolio selection. The Journal of Finance, 7(1), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.2307/2975974
Okunev, J., Wilson, P. and Zurbruegg, Z. (2000). The causal relationship between real estate and stock markets. Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 21(3), 251-261. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012051719424
Pesaran, M.H., Shin, Y. and Smith, R.J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16, 289–326. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/
Shin, Y., Yu, B. and Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014). Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDL framework. In W. Horrace and R. Sickles (Eds.), The festschrift in honor of Peter Schmidt: Econometric methods and applications (pp. 281–314). New York: Springer.
Sim, S.H. and Chang, B.K. (2006). Stock and real estate markets in Korea: Wealth or credit-price effect. Journal of Economic Research, 11, 99-122. Retrieved from http://www.jer.or.kr/
Torun, E. and Demireli, E. (2022). Konut fiyatlarında sermaye piyasasının etkileri: Dinamik nedensellik ile Türkiye üzerine bir inceleme. Ekonomi, Politika & Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 334-365. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1107034
TURKSTAT. (2024). Yoksulluk ve yaşam koşulları istatistikleri, 2024 haber bülteni. Retrieved from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Yoksulluk-ve-Yasam-Kosullari-Istatistikleri-2024-53714
World Bank. (2024). Turkey. Retrieved from https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/turkey/overview#3
Yüksel, A. (2016). The relationship between stock and real estate prices in Turkey: Evidence around the global financial crisis. Central Bank Review, 16, 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbrev.2016.03.006
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Sermaye Piyasaları, Şehir Ekonomisi ( Kent Ekonomisi)
Turgutlu, E., & Narin Emirhan, P. (2025). Dynamics of Causality between Real Estate and Stock Prices: Evidence from Türkiye. Ekonomi Politika Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(1), 127-139. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1599083