Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Integration of Syrian Refugees in Turkey: Challenges and Opportunities

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 172 - 187, 30.08.2019
https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.596262

Öz

This
article examines the processes of refugee integration in Turkey and aims to
provide a comprehensive assessment of the challenges and opportunities to a
holistic refugee integration scheme in Turkey. It also tries to put forward
policy recommendations for better harmonization of Syrians in Turkish
communities. The data presented in this article consists of 50 (25 female, 25
male) semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted with Syrian refugees in
Istanbul. The questions were asked to Syrian refugees include what integration
means to them, their experience in the process of access to rights,
particularly in work and education. In line with a comprehensive literature
review and a qualitative research, this article aims to fill the gaps in the
literature on refugee integration in Turkey and offers policy recommendations.
In this article, the effects of Turkey's immigration policy on the integration
processes of Syrian refugees are examined in line with the research findings and
policy recommendations are presented in order for Turkey to have a holistic
integration policy. It is argued that rights-based approach is needed for a
successful integration processes Syrian refugees. Findings suggest that Syrian
refugees experience difficulties in accessing the fundamental rights. 

Kaynakça

  • Ager, A., & Strang, A. (2004). Indicators of integration: Final report (Report No: 28). London: Home Office.
  • Ager, A., & Strang, A. (2008). Understanding integration: A conceptual framework. Journal of Refugee Studies, 21(2), 166–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fen016
  • Bidea, G. (2016). France: The French Republican model of integration: A potential driver for extremism. Conflict Studies Quarterly, 16, 17-45, Retrieved from http://www.csq.ro/wp-content/uploads/Georgiana-BIGEA.pdf
  • Bloch, A. (2004). Labour market participation and conditions of employment: A comparison of minority ethnic groups and refugees in Britain. Sociological Research, 9(2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.919
  • Castles, S., Korac, M., Vasta, E., & Vertovec, S. (2002). Integration: Mapping the field (Report No: 29/3). London: Home Office.
  • Commission of the European Communities (2003). Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Immigration, Integration and Employment (COM (2003) 336); Brussels.
  • Dorais, M. (2002). Immigration and integration through a social cohesion perspective. Horizons, 5(2), 4-5.
  • European Council (2011). EU framework for integration. Retrieved from http://register.consilium.europa.eu/doc/srv?l=EN&f=ST%2023%202011%20INIT.
  • European Commission (2016). Third report on the progress made in the implementation of the EU-Turkey statement (COM/2016/634). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/news _corner/migration/com_2016_634_f1_other_act_863309.pdf.
  • European Council on Refugees and Exiles (1999). Position on the integration of refugees in Europe. Retrieved from: http://www.refworld.org/docid/3df4d3874.html.
  • European Council on Refugees and Exiles (2002). Position on the integration of refugees Europe. London: ECRE. Retrieved from http://www.ecre.org/topics/areas-of-work/integration/ 179.html.
  • Eurostat (2018). Asylum applications (non-EU) in the EU-28 Member States, 2008–2018. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Asylum_statistics
  • Gineste, S. (2016). Labour market integration of asylum seekers and refugees in France. European Commission. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/social/BlobServlet?docId=15907&langId=en.
  • Göç İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü. (t.y). Türkiye ve Göç. Erişim adresi: http://www.goc.gov.tr/files/files/goc_tasar%C4%B1m_icler.pdf
  • Göç İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü (2019). Yıllara göre geçici koruma kapsamındaki Suriyeliler. Erişim adresi: http://www.goc.gov.tr/icerik3/gecici-koruma_363_378_4713
  • Hyndman, J., & Hynie, M. (2016). From newcomer to Canadian: Making refugee integration work. Policy Options Politiques. Retrieved from http://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/may-2016/from-newcomer-to-canadian-making-refugee-integration-work/
  • Kallick, D. D., & Mathema, S. (2016). Refugee integration in the United States. Centre for American Progress. Retrieved from https://cdn.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/ 15112912/refugeeintegration.pdf
  • Kern, S. (2016). Germany's new "Integration Law". Retrieved from https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/8145/germany-integration-law
  • Li, S. P. (2003). Deconstructing Canada’s discourse of immigrant integration. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 4(3), 315-333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-003-1024-0
  • Phillimore, J. (2012). Implementing integration in the UK: Lessons for integration theory, policy and practice. Policy and Politics, 40(4), 525–545. doi: 10.1332/030557312X643795
  • Robinson, V. (1998). Defining and measuring successful refugee integration. Proceedings of ECRE International Conference on Integration of Refugees in Europe. Brussels: ECRE.
  • Saggar, S., & Somerville, W. (2012). Building a British Model of integration in an era of immigration: Policy lessons for Government. Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved from http://www.migrationpolicy.org/sites/default/files/publications/UK-countrystudy.pdf
  • Strang, A., & Ager, A. (2010). Refugee integration: Emerging trends and remaining agendas. Journal of Refugee Studies, 23(4), 589- 607. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feq046
  • Stubbs, P. (1996). Creative negotiations: Concepts and practice of integration of refugees, displaced persons and local communities in Croatia. In R. Jambresic Kirin and M. Povrzanovic (Eds.), War, Exile, Everyday Life, Zagreb (pp.31–40). Zagreb: Institute for Ethnology and Folklore Research.
  • Syrianrefugees.eu (2016). The Syrian refugee crisis and its repercussions for the EU. Retrieved from http://syrianrefugees.eu/
  • Şardan, T. (2017). Suriyeliler’in Türk vatandaşlığında sona doğru. Erişim adresi: http://www.milliyet.com.tr/yazarlar/tolga-sardan/suriyelilerin-turk-vatandasliginda-sona-dogru-2387076/
  • Şimşek, D. (2018). Mülteci entegrasyonu, göç politikaları ve sosyal sınıf: Türkiye’deki Suriyeli Mülteciler örneği. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 40(2), 367- 392. www.dergipark.org.tr/spcd Yabancılara Yönelik Eğitim-Öğretim Hizmetleri. Genelge. 2014/21.

Türkiye'de Suriyeli Mülteci Entegrasyonu: Zorlukları ve Olanakları

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 172 - 187, 30.08.2019
https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.596262

Öz

Bu makale, Türkiye'deki mülteci entegrasyon
süreçlerini incelemekte ve Türkiye'deki bütüncül bir mülteci entegrasyon
projesine yönelik zorlukların ve
olanakların kapsamlı bir değerlendirmesini yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca,
Suriyeli mültecilerin entegrasyonu için politika önerileri ortaya koymaya
çalışmaktadır. Bu makalede, Suriyeli mültecilerin entegrasyon süreçlerinin
başarılı olması için hak temelli politikalara ihtiyaç olduğu savunulmaktadır.
Literatür taraması ve İstanbul’da bulunan 50 Suriyeli mülteci (25 kadın, 25
erkek) ile yüz yüze yapılan derinlemesine görüşmelere dayanan bu çalışma
kapsamında İstanbul’da görüşülen Suriyeli mültecilere entegrasyonun onlar için
ne ifade ettiği çalışma ve eğitim başta olmak üzere haklara erişim
sürecindeki deneyimleri gibi konularda sorular sorulmuştur. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de mülteci
entegrasyonu alanına katkı sağlamayı, bu alandaki boşluğunu doldurmayı
hedeflemiştir. Bu makalede, Türkiye'nin göç politikalarının Suriyeli
mültecilerin entegrasyon süreçlerine etkisi, saha çalışması sonucunda elde
edilen bulgular kapsamında incelemekte ve Türkiye'nin bütüncül bir mülteci
entegrasyon politikasına sahip olması için öneriler sunmaktadır. Araştırma bulguları, Türkiye’deki
Suriyeli mültecilerin temel haklara erişimde önemli zorluklar yaşadıklarını
göstermiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Ager, A., & Strang, A. (2004). Indicators of integration: Final report (Report No: 28). London: Home Office.
  • Ager, A., & Strang, A. (2008). Understanding integration: A conceptual framework. Journal of Refugee Studies, 21(2), 166–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fen016
  • Bidea, G. (2016). France: The French Republican model of integration: A potential driver for extremism. Conflict Studies Quarterly, 16, 17-45, Retrieved from http://www.csq.ro/wp-content/uploads/Georgiana-BIGEA.pdf
  • Bloch, A. (2004). Labour market participation and conditions of employment: A comparison of minority ethnic groups and refugees in Britain. Sociological Research, 9(2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.919
  • Castles, S., Korac, M., Vasta, E., & Vertovec, S. (2002). Integration: Mapping the field (Report No: 29/3). London: Home Office.
  • Commission of the European Communities (2003). Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Immigration, Integration and Employment (COM (2003) 336); Brussels.
  • Dorais, M. (2002). Immigration and integration through a social cohesion perspective. Horizons, 5(2), 4-5.
  • European Council (2011). EU framework for integration. Retrieved from http://register.consilium.europa.eu/doc/srv?l=EN&f=ST%2023%202011%20INIT.
  • European Commission (2016). Third report on the progress made in the implementation of the EU-Turkey statement (COM/2016/634). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/news _corner/migration/com_2016_634_f1_other_act_863309.pdf.
  • European Council on Refugees and Exiles (1999). Position on the integration of refugees in Europe. Retrieved from: http://www.refworld.org/docid/3df4d3874.html.
  • European Council on Refugees and Exiles (2002). Position on the integration of refugees Europe. London: ECRE. Retrieved from http://www.ecre.org/topics/areas-of-work/integration/ 179.html.
  • Eurostat (2018). Asylum applications (non-EU) in the EU-28 Member States, 2008–2018. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Asylum_statistics
  • Gineste, S. (2016). Labour market integration of asylum seekers and refugees in France. European Commission. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/social/BlobServlet?docId=15907&langId=en.
  • Göç İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü. (t.y). Türkiye ve Göç. Erişim adresi: http://www.goc.gov.tr/files/files/goc_tasar%C4%B1m_icler.pdf
  • Göç İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü (2019). Yıllara göre geçici koruma kapsamındaki Suriyeliler. Erişim adresi: http://www.goc.gov.tr/icerik3/gecici-koruma_363_378_4713
  • Hyndman, J., & Hynie, M. (2016). From newcomer to Canadian: Making refugee integration work. Policy Options Politiques. Retrieved from http://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/may-2016/from-newcomer-to-canadian-making-refugee-integration-work/
  • Kallick, D. D., & Mathema, S. (2016). Refugee integration in the United States. Centre for American Progress. Retrieved from https://cdn.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/ 15112912/refugeeintegration.pdf
  • Kern, S. (2016). Germany's new "Integration Law". Retrieved from https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/8145/germany-integration-law
  • Li, S. P. (2003). Deconstructing Canada’s discourse of immigrant integration. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 4(3), 315-333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-003-1024-0
  • Phillimore, J. (2012). Implementing integration in the UK: Lessons for integration theory, policy and practice. Policy and Politics, 40(4), 525–545. doi: 10.1332/030557312X643795
  • Robinson, V. (1998). Defining and measuring successful refugee integration. Proceedings of ECRE International Conference on Integration of Refugees in Europe. Brussels: ECRE.
  • Saggar, S., & Somerville, W. (2012). Building a British Model of integration in an era of immigration: Policy lessons for Government. Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved from http://www.migrationpolicy.org/sites/default/files/publications/UK-countrystudy.pdf
  • Strang, A., & Ager, A. (2010). Refugee integration: Emerging trends and remaining agendas. Journal of Refugee Studies, 23(4), 589- 607. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feq046
  • Stubbs, P. (1996). Creative negotiations: Concepts and practice of integration of refugees, displaced persons and local communities in Croatia. In R. Jambresic Kirin and M. Povrzanovic (Eds.), War, Exile, Everyday Life, Zagreb (pp.31–40). Zagreb: Institute for Ethnology and Folklore Research.
  • Syrianrefugees.eu (2016). The Syrian refugee crisis and its repercussions for the EU. Retrieved from http://syrianrefugees.eu/
  • Şardan, T. (2017). Suriyeliler’in Türk vatandaşlığında sona doğru. Erişim adresi: http://www.milliyet.com.tr/yazarlar/tolga-sardan/suriyelilerin-turk-vatandasliginda-sona-dogru-2387076/
  • Şimşek, D. (2018). Mülteci entegrasyonu, göç politikaları ve sosyal sınıf: Türkiye’deki Suriyeli Mülteciler örneği. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 40(2), 367- 392. www.dergipark.org.tr/spcd Yabancılara Yönelik Eğitim-Öğretim Hizmetleri. Genelge. 2014/21.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Siyaset Bilimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Doğuş Şimşek 0000-0002-8025-5390

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2019
Kabul Tarihi 28 Ağustos 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Şimşek, D. (2019). Türkiye’de Suriyeli Mülteci Entegrasyonu: Zorlukları ve Olanakları. Ekonomi Politika Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), 172-187. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.596262

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Kültürel Marjinallik Teorisi ve Hemşirelikte Kullanımı
Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi
Emel GÜVEN
https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.968960