Yerli ve Ulusal Ar-Ge Rekabetçiliğinin Artırılması: Türkiye'nin İnovasyon Manzarasını İyileştirme Stratejileri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 194 - 224, 23.09.2023

Ahmet Efe

https://doi.org/10.48064/equinox.1252563

Öz

Son yıllarda literatür, endüstriyel ve yenilikçi yaklaşımların bölgesel kalkınma ve ekonomik büyümedeki öneminin altını çizmektedir. Uluslararası dev şirketlerin Ar-Ge girişimlerinin yatırımları, gelişmekte olan ülkelerin ulusal ve yerel üretim kabiliyetini ve yerel rekabet güçlerini engelleyebilmektedir. Bu çalışma, çok disiplinli bir yaklaşımla inovasyon ve Ar-Ge paradigmalarına yönelik yenilikçi bir zihniyet kullanmaktadır. Çokuluslu şirketler, Ar-Ge projelerine daha fazla yatırım yaparak mevcut kapasitelerinden daha fazla değer kazanabilecekleri ve gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde yenilerini sağlayabilecekleri için, gelişmekte olan ülkelerin mevcut inovasyonun tersine mühendislik konusunda Ar-Ge girişimlerine yatırım yapabileceğini ve destekleyebileceğini savunmaktadır. Gelişmekte olan ekonomilerdeki şirketler, teorik olarak, yatırım yapan çok uluslu şirketlerden öğrenerek onlara yetişebilir ve şirket hisseleri üzerinden risk sermayesi fonları yoluyla kapasitelerini geliştirebilir. Bununla birlikte, bunu yapmak için, Çinli küresel büyük firmaların yaptığı gibi, yenilikçi yeteneklerini geliştirmeleri ve bir süreçten ürün odağına ve taklitten yeniliğe geçmeleri gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

R&D, Innovation, Innovative Economies, Open Innovation, Product Development

Enhancing Local and National R&D Competitiveness: Strategies for Improving Turkey's Innovation Landscape

Öz

In recent years, the literature has underlined the importance of industrial and innovative approaches in regional development and economic growth. The investments of R&D startups by giant international companies can inhibit national and local production capability and domestic competitiveness of developing countries. This study uses an innovative mindset to the innovation and R&D paradigms with a multi-disciplinary approach. It argues that since multinational companies can earn more value from their existing capacities and provide new ones in developing economies by investing more in R&D projects, developing countries can invest in and support to R&D startups on reverse engineering of existing innovation. Companies in emerging economies could theoretically learn from and catch up with investing multinationals and develop their capacities via venture capitalist fundings on corporate shares. Nevertheless, to do so, they need to build their innovative capabilities and move from a process to a product focus and from imitation to innovation, as Chinese global large firms do.

Anahtar Kelimeler

R&D, Innovation, Innovative Economies, Open Innovation, Product Development

Kaynakça

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