Süt Sığırlarında Kuru Dönem Parametreleri ile Buzağı Doğum Ağırlığı ve Neonatal Dönem Sağlık Durumu İlişkisi
Yıl 2021,
, 218 - 225, 01.12.2021
Nurcan Karslıoğlu Kara
Aşkın Galiç
Öz
Bu araştırmanın amacı süt sığırcılığında yetiştirici tarafından kontrol altına alınabilen ya da sürü yönetim program-ları tarafından belirlenen kuru dönem parametreleri [Kuruda kalma süresi (KKS); Kuru başlangıcı vücut kondisyon skoru (VKS-K1; kuru sonu vücut kondisyon skoru (VKS-K2)] ile buzağı doğum ağırlığı (BDA) ve neonatal dönem buzağı sağlık durumu (BSD) arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Çalışma kriterlerine göre 518 buzağı (doğumdan 28. güne kadar) ve anası (kuru dönem başında ve sonunda) değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada BSD ile KKS, VKS-K1ve VKS-K2 arasındaki ilişki araştırılmış ve tüm kuru dönem parametreleri ile BSD arasındaki ilişki önemli bulunmuştur. Ayrıca çalışmada kuru dönem parametreleri ve buzağı cinsiyetinin (BC) BDA’na etkisine bakılmış ve BC ve KKS’nin BDA’na etkisi önemli bulunurken, VKS-K1ve VKS-K2’nun etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, neonatal dönemin daha sağlıklı tamamlanması için süt sığırcılığı sürü yönetiminde kuru dönem sürecinin bu sonuçlara göre planlanmasının, faydalı olacağı söylenebilir.
Kaynakça
- Alharthi AS, Coleman DN, Alhidary IA, Abdelrahman MM, Trevisi E, Loor JJ. Maternal body condition during late pregnancy is associated with in utero development and neonatal growth of Holstein calves. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12(44): 1-11.
- Atalay H. The effect of body condition score on nutri-tional diseases and milk yield in dairy cattle. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2019; 43: 6927.
- Autio T, Pohjanvirta T, Holopainen R, Rikula U, Penti-kainen J, Huovilainen A, Rusanen H, Soveri H, Sihvonen L, Pelkonen S. Etiology of respiratory disease in non-vaccinated, non-medicated calves in rearing herds. Vet Microbiol 2007; 119: 256-65.
- Barry J, Bokkers EAM, Berry DP, de Boer IJM, McClure J, Kennedy E. Associations between colostrum management, passive immunity, calf-related hygiene practices, and rates of mortality in pre-weaning dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102: 10266-76.
- Blum JW, Hammon H. Colostrum effects on the gas-trointestinal tract, and on nutritional, endocrine and metabolic parameters in neonatal calves. Livest Prod Sci 2000; 66: 151-9.
- Chebel RC, Mendonça LGD, Baruselli PS. Associa-tion between body condition score change during the dry period and postpartum health and perfor-mance. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101: 4595-614.
- Dunn A, Ashfield A, Earley B, Welsh M,Gordon A, McGee M, Morrison SJ. Effect of concentrate supplementation during the dry period on colos-trum quality and effect of colostrum feeding regi-men on passive transfer of immunity, calf health, and performance. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100: 357-70.
- Edmonson AJ, Lean IJ, Weaver LD, Farver T, Web-ster G. A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 1989; 72(1): 68-78.
- Godden S. Colostrum management for dairy calves. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2008; 24(1): 19-39.
- Gulliksen SM, Lie KI, Løken T, Østerås O. Calf mor-tality in Norwegian dairy herds. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92(6): 2782-95.
- Gulliksen SM, Lie KI, Sølverød L, Østeras O. Risk factors associated with colostrum quality in Nor-wegian dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91(2): 704-12.
- Gundelach Y, Essmeyer K, Teltscher MK, Hoede-maker M. Risk factors for perinatal mortality in dairy cattle: cow and foetal factors, calving pro-cess. Theriogenology 2009; 71(6): 901-9.
- Gümen A, Rastani RR, Grummer RR, Wiltbank MC. Reduced dry periods and varying prepartum diets alter postpartum ovulation and reproductive measures. J Dairy Sci 2005; 88: 2401-11.
- Hoedemaker M, Prange D, Gundelach Y. Body con-dition change ante-and postpartum, health and reproductive performance in German Holstein cows. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 44:167-73.
- Jaster EH. Evaluation of quality, quantity, and timing of colostrum feeding on immunoglobulin G1 ab-sorption in Jersey calves. J Dairy Sci 2005; 88(1): 296-302.
- Kara NK. Relation between non-infectious factors and neonatal calf health status in dairy herd. Anim Sci J 2020; 91: 1-6.
- Kok A, Chen J, Kempand B, van Knegsel ATM. Dry period length in dairy cows and consequences for metabolism and welfare and customised manage-ment strategies. Animal 2019 13(S1): 42-51.
- Kok A, van Knegsel ATM, van Middelaar CE, Engel B, Hogeveen H, Kemp B, de Boer IJM. Effect of dry period length on milk yield over multiple lacta-tions. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100: 739-49.
- Kok A, van Middelaar CE, Engel B, van Knegsel ATM, Hogeveen H, Kemp B, de Boer IJM. Effec-tive lactation yield: A measure to compare milk yield between cows with different dry period lengths. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99: 2956-66.
- Lombard JE, GarryFB, Tomlinson SM, Garbe LP. Impacts of dystocia on health and survival of dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90(4): 1751-60.
- Mann S, Yepes FAL, Overton TR, Lock AL, Lamb SV, Wakshlag JJ, Nydam DV. Effect of dry period dietary energy level in dairy cattle on volume, concentration of immunoglobulin G, insulin, and fatty acid composition of colostrum. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99: 1515-26.
- Mayasari N, de Vries Reilingh G, Nieuwland MGB, Remmelink GJ, Parmentier HK, Kemp B, van Knegsel ATM. Effect of maternal dry period lengthon colostrum immunoglobulin content and natural and specific antibody titers in calves. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98: 3969-79.
- Roche JR, Friggens NC, Kay JK, Fisher MW, Stafford KJ, BerryDP. Invited review: Body condition score and its association with dairy cow productivity, health, and welfare. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92(12): 5769-801.
- Singh DD, Kumar M, Choudhary PK, Singh HN. Neo-natal calf mortality. Intas Polivet 2009; 10(2): 165-9.
- Svenson C, Linder A, Olsson SO. Mortality in Swe-dish dairy calves and replacement heifers. J Dairy Sci 2006; 89: 4769-77.
- SPSS Inc. (2008). SPSS Statistics for Windows, Ver-sion 17.0. Chicago. University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine. https://www.vetmed.wisc.edu/fapm/svm-dairy-apps/calf-health-scorer-chs/; Erişim Tarihi: 13.07.2020.
- Van Hoeij RJ, Lam TJGM, de Koning DB, Steeneveld W, Kemp B, van Knegsel ATM. Cow characteris-tics and their association with udder health after different dry period lengths. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99: 8330-40.
- Watters RD, Guenther JN, Brickner AE, Rastani RR, Crump PM, Clark PW, Grummer RR. Effects of dry period length on milk yield and health of dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91: 2595-603.
- Wells SJ, Garber LP, Hill GW. Health status of pre-weaned dairy heifers in the United States. Prev Vet Med 1997; 29(3): 18599.
- Zhang H, Wang Y, Chang Y, Luo H, Brito LF, Dong Y, Shi R, Wang Y, Dong G, Liu L. Mortality-Culling Rates of dairy calves and replacement heifers and its risk factors in Holstein cattle. Ani-mals 2019; 9(730): 1-11.
Relationship between Dry Period Parameters, Calf Birth Weight and Neonatal Calf Health Status in Dairy Cows
Yıl 2021,
, 218 - 225, 01.12.2021
Nurcan Karslıoğlu Kara
Aşkın Galiç
Öz
The aim of this research was to determine dry period parameters [dry period length (DPL); body condition score at dry-off (BCS-D1) and end of the dry period (BCS-D2)] that can be taken under control by breeders affecting calf health status (CHS) in neonatal period. A total of 518 calves (from delivery of calf until 28 days) and their dams (at dry and end of the dry period) were assessed according to study criteria. The relationship between CHS and dry period parameters were investigated and found significant for all parameters. Also, the effects of dry period parameters and sex of calf (SC) on calf birth weight (CBW) were investigated and while the effects of SC and DPL on CBW were found significant, the effects of BCS-D1 and BCS-D2 were not. In conclusion, it can be said that it would be beneficial to plan the dry period in dairy cattle herd management according to these results for a healthier completion of the neonatal period.
Kaynakça
- Alharthi AS, Coleman DN, Alhidary IA, Abdelrahman MM, Trevisi E, Loor JJ. Maternal body condition during late pregnancy is associated with in utero development and neonatal growth of Holstein calves. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12(44): 1-11.
- Atalay H. The effect of body condition score on nutri-tional diseases and milk yield in dairy cattle. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2019; 43: 6927.
- Autio T, Pohjanvirta T, Holopainen R, Rikula U, Penti-kainen J, Huovilainen A, Rusanen H, Soveri H, Sihvonen L, Pelkonen S. Etiology of respiratory disease in non-vaccinated, non-medicated calves in rearing herds. Vet Microbiol 2007; 119: 256-65.
- Barry J, Bokkers EAM, Berry DP, de Boer IJM, McClure J, Kennedy E. Associations between colostrum management, passive immunity, calf-related hygiene practices, and rates of mortality in pre-weaning dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102: 10266-76.
- Blum JW, Hammon H. Colostrum effects on the gas-trointestinal tract, and on nutritional, endocrine and metabolic parameters in neonatal calves. Livest Prod Sci 2000; 66: 151-9.
- Chebel RC, Mendonça LGD, Baruselli PS. Associa-tion between body condition score change during the dry period and postpartum health and perfor-mance. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101: 4595-614.
- Dunn A, Ashfield A, Earley B, Welsh M,Gordon A, McGee M, Morrison SJ. Effect of concentrate supplementation during the dry period on colos-trum quality and effect of colostrum feeding regi-men on passive transfer of immunity, calf health, and performance. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100: 357-70.
- Edmonson AJ, Lean IJ, Weaver LD, Farver T, Web-ster G. A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 1989; 72(1): 68-78.
- Godden S. Colostrum management for dairy calves. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2008; 24(1): 19-39.
- Gulliksen SM, Lie KI, Løken T, Østerås O. Calf mor-tality in Norwegian dairy herds. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92(6): 2782-95.
- Gulliksen SM, Lie KI, Sølverød L, Østeras O. Risk factors associated with colostrum quality in Nor-wegian dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91(2): 704-12.
- Gundelach Y, Essmeyer K, Teltscher MK, Hoede-maker M. Risk factors for perinatal mortality in dairy cattle: cow and foetal factors, calving pro-cess. Theriogenology 2009; 71(6): 901-9.
- Gümen A, Rastani RR, Grummer RR, Wiltbank MC. Reduced dry periods and varying prepartum diets alter postpartum ovulation and reproductive measures. J Dairy Sci 2005; 88: 2401-11.
- Hoedemaker M, Prange D, Gundelach Y. Body con-dition change ante-and postpartum, health and reproductive performance in German Holstein cows. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 44:167-73.
- Jaster EH. Evaluation of quality, quantity, and timing of colostrum feeding on immunoglobulin G1 ab-sorption in Jersey calves. J Dairy Sci 2005; 88(1): 296-302.
- Kara NK. Relation between non-infectious factors and neonatal calf health status in dairy herd. Anim Sci J 2020; 91: 1-6.
- Kok A, Chen J, Kempand B, van Knegsel ATM. Dry period length in dairy cows and consequences for metabolism and welfare and customised manage-ment strategies. Animal 2019 13(S1): 42-51.
- Kok A, van Knegsel ATM, van Middelaar CE, Engel B, Hogeveen H, Kemp B, de Boer IJM. Effect of dry period length on milk yield over multiple lacta-tions. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100: 739-49.
- Kok A, van Middelaar CE, Engel B, van Knegsel ATM, Hogeveen H, Kemp B, de Boer IJM. Effec-tive lactation yield: A measure to compare milk yield between cows with different dry period lengths. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99: 2956-66.
- Lombard JE, GarryFB, Tomlinson SM, Garbe LP. Impacts of dystocia on health and survival of dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90(4): 1751-60.
- Mann S, Yepes FAL, Overton TR, Lock AL, Lamb SV, Wakshlag JJ, Nydam DV. Effect of dry period dietary energy level in dairy cattle on volume, concentration of immunoglobulin G, insulin, and fatty acid composition of colostrum. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99: 1515-26.
- Mayasari N, de Vries Reilingh G, Nieuwland MGB, Remmelink GJ, Parmentier HK, Kemp B, van Knegsel ATM. Effect of maternal dry period lengthon colostrum immunoglobulin content and natural and specific antibody titers in calves. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98: 3969-79.
- Roche JR, Friggens NC, Kay JK, Fisher MW, Stafford KJ, BerryDP. Invited review: Body condition score and its association with dairy cow productivity, health, and welfare. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92(12): 5769-801.
- Singh DD, Kumar M, Choudhary PK, Singh HN. Neo-natal calf mortality. Intas Polivet 2009; 10(2): 165-9.
- Svenson C, Linder A, Olsson SO. Mortality in Swe-dish dairy calves and replacement heifers. J Dairy Sci 2006; 89: 4769-77.
- SPSS Inc. (2008). SPSS Statistics for Windows, Ver-sion 17.0. Chicago. University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine. https://www.vetmed.wisc.edu/fapm/svm-dairy-apps/calf-health-scorer-chs/; Erişim Tarihi: 13.07.2020.
- Van Hoeij RJ, Lam TJGM, de Koning DB, Steeneveld W, Kemp B, van Knegsel ATM. Cow characteris-tics and their association with udder health after different dry period lengths. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99: 8330-40.
- Watters RD, Guenther JN, Brickner AE, Rastani RR, Crump PM, Clark PW, Grummer RR. Effects of dry period length on milk yield and health of dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91: 2595-603.
- Wells SJ, Garber LP, Hill GW. Health status of pre-weaned dairy heifers in the United States. Prev Vet Med 1997; 29(3): 18599.
- Zhang H, Wang Y, Chang Y, Luo H, Brito LF, Dong Y, Shi R, Wang Y, Dong G, Liu L. Mortality-Culling Rates of dairy calves and replacement heifers and its risk factors in Holstein cattle. Ani-mals 2019; 9(730): 1-11.