Hasta Kedi ve Köpeklerin Sıvı Diyetlerle Beslenmesi

Yıl 2021, , 235 - 242, 01.12.2021

Ülkü Durdu Fatma İnal

https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.1015856

Öz

Bu çalışmada, hasta veya hastanede yatan kedi ve köpeklerin besin madde gereksinimleri, yetersiz yiyecek tüketi-mi veya hiç tüketmeme durumlarında hastaların nasıl besleneceği ile ilgili bilgiler derlenmiştir. Hasta hayvanların anam-nezinde önceki besleme şeklinin öğrenilmesi, hayvanların vücut kondisyonlarının belirlenmesi, bazı kan değerleri ile beslenme durumunun değerlendirilmesinin önemi vurgulanmıştır. Oral besleme, enteral besleme, parenteral besleme yöntemleri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu yöntemlerin ne şekilde uygulandığı, beslemede kullanılan diyetlerin özellikleri, verile-cek besin maddelerinin nasıl hesaplandığı ve olası komplikasyonlar üzerinde durulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Besleme desteği, hastalık, kedi, köpek, sıvı besleme

Nutritional Support of Sick Cats and Dogs with Liquid Diets

Öz

In this review, information has been given about the nutritional requirements of sick or hospitalized cats and dogs with insufficient food intake or no consumption, information about how to feed patients. In the anamnesis of the sick animals, the importance of learning the previous feeding form, determining the body condition of the animals, and assessing the nutritional status with some blood values have been emphasized. Oral feeding, enteral feeding, parente-ral feeding methods have been evaluated. How these methods are applied, the characteristics of the diets used in fee-ding, how the nutrients to be given have been calculated and possible complications discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cat, dog, illness, liquid feding, nutritional support

Kaynakça

• Bartges JW. Enteral nutrition. Twenty Eighth World Congress of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association. October, 24-27, 2003; Bangkok-Thailand.
• Biffl WL, Moore EE, Haenel JB. Nutritional support of the trauma patient. Nutrition 2002; 18: 960-5.
• Brunetto MA, Gomes MOS, Andre MR, Teshima E, Gonçalves KNV, Pereira GT, Ferraudo AS, Carciofi AC. Effects of nutritional support on hospital outco-me in dogs and cats. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 2010; 20: 224-31.
• Campbell SJ, Karriker MJ, Fascetti AJ. Central and peripheral parenteral nutrition. Waltham Focus 2006; 16: 22-30.
• Campbell JA, Jutkowitz LA, Santoro KA, Hauptman JG, Holahan ML, Brown AJ. Continuous versus intermittent delivery of nutrition via nasoenteric feeding tubes in hospitalized canine and feline pati-ents: 91 patients (2002-2007). J Vet Emer Crit Care 2010; 20: 232-6.
• Canıtez H, İnal F. Köpeklerde obezite. TVHB Dergisi 2017; 3-4: 63-72.
• Chan DL. Nutrition in critical care. Bonagura JD Twedt DC. eds. In: Kirk’s Current Veterinary The-rapy XV.St Louis: Saunders Elsevier, 2014; pp. 38-43.
• Chan DL. Nutritional Management of Hospitalized Small Animals. UK: John Wiley and Sons, 2015; pp. 1-224.
• Delaney SJ, Fascetti AJ, Elliott DA. Critical care nutri-tion of dogs. Pibot P. Biourge V. Elliott D. eds. In: Encyclopedia of Canine Clinical Nutrition. France: Aniwa SAS, 2006; pp. 426-50.
• Eirmann L, Michel KE. Enteral nutrition. Silverstein DC. Hopper K. eds. In: Small Animal Critical Care Medicine. Missouri: Saunders Elsevier, 2009; pp. 55-62.
• Fascetti AJ, Delaney SJ. Applied Veterinary Clinical Nutrition. First Edition. UK: John Wiley and Sons, 2012; pp. 329-73.
• Freeman LM, Chan DL. Total parenteral nutrition. DiBartola S. ed. In: Fluid Therapy in Small Animal Practice. Third Edition. St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier, 2006; pp. 584-601.
• Freeman L, Becvarova I, Cave N, MacKay C, Nguyen P, Rama B, Takashima G, Tiffin R, Tsjimoto H, van Beukelen P. WSAVA Nutritional Assessment Gui-delines. J Small Anim Pract2011;52(7): 385-96.
• Gross KL, Yamka RM, Khoo C,Friesen KG, Jewell DE, Schoenherr WD. Macronutrients. Hand MS. Thatcher CD. Remillard RL. Roudebush P. Novotny BJ. eds. In: Small Animal Clinical Nutrition, Fifth Edition. Missouri: Walsworth Publishing Co, 2010; pp. 49-105.
• Han E. Esophageal and gastric feeding tubes in ICU patients. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract 2004; 19(1): 22-31.
• Hansen BD. Technical aspects of fluid therapy. Di-Bartoli SP. ed. In: Fluid, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Disorders in Small Animal Practice.Third Edi-tion. St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier, 2006; 344-76.
• Heyland DK, Dhaliwal R, Wang M,Day AG. The pre-valence of iatrogenic underfeeding in the nutritio-nally ‘at‐risk’ critically ill patient: Results of an inter-national, multicenter, prospective study. Clin Nutr 2015; 34(4): 659-66.
• Holahan M, Abood S, Hauptman J, Koenigsknecht C, Brown A. Intermittent and continuous enteral nutri-tion in critically ill dogs: A prospective randomized trial. J Vet Intern Med 2010; 24: 520-36.
• İnal F, Alataş MS, Kahraman O, İnal Ş, Uludağ M, Gürbüz E, Polat ES. Effects of feeding diets with different protein levels on preference and some blood parameters in dogs. Eurasian J Vet Sci 2018; 34(2): 77-82.
• İnal F, Alataş MS, Kahraman O, İnal Ş, Uludağ M. Determination of fat preferences of adult dogs. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2020; 44: 481-6.
• Jeejeebhoy KN. Enteral nutrition versus parenteral nutrition-the risks and benefits. Nat Clin Pract Gast-roenterol Hepatol 2007; 4(5): 260-5.
• Jergens AE, Morrison JA, Miles KG, Silverman WB. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrojejunostomy tube placement in healthy dogs and cats. J Vet Intern Med 2007; 21(1): 18-24.
• Marin VB, Rodriguez-Osiac L, Schlessinger L, Ville-gas J, Lopez M, Castillo-Duran C. Controlled study of enteral arginine supplementation in burned child-ren: Impact on immunologic and metabolic status. Nutrition 2006; 22(7-8): 705-712.
• Mendez CM, McClain CJ, Marsano LS. Albumin the-rapy in clinical practice. Nutr Clin Pract 2005; 4: 314-20.
• Michel KE, Eirmann L. Parenteral nutrition. Silvers-tein DC. Hopper K. eds. In: Small Animal Critical Care Medicine. Second Edition. St Louis: Saunders Elsevier, 2014; pp. 687-90.
• Novak F, Heyland DK, Avenell A, Drover J, John W. Su X. Glutamine supplementation in serious illness: A systemic review of the evidence. Crit Care Medic 2002; 30: 2022-9.
• Parker VJ, Freeman LM. Comparison of various solu-tions to dissolve critical care diet clots. J Vet Emer Crit Care2013; 23(3): 344-7.
• Perea SC. Parenteral nutrition. Fascetti AJ. Delaney SJ. eds. In: Applied Veterinary Clinical Nutrition. First Edition. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier, 2012; pp. 353-73.
• Pyle SC, Marks SL, Kass PH. Evaluation of complica-tions and prognostic factors associated with admi-nistration of total parenteral nutrition in cats: 75 cases (1994-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004; 225(2): 242-50.
• Stechmiller JK, Childress B, Cowan L. Arginine supp-lementation and wound healing. Nutr Clin Pract 2005; 20(1): 52-61.
• Swann HM, Sweet DC, Michel K. Complications as-sociated with use of jejunostomy tubes in dogs and cats: 40 cases (1989-1994). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002; 12: 1764-7.
• Thatcher CD, Hand MS, Remillard RL. Small animal clinical nutrition: an iterative process. In: Hand MS. Thatcher CD. Remillard RL. Roudebush P. Novotny BJ. eds. In: Small Animal Clinical Nutrition, Fifth Edition. Missouri: Walsworth Publishing Co, 2010; pp. 3-21.
• Wortinger A, Burns KM. Nutrition and Disease Mana-gement for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses, Second Edition. USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2015; 45 (32): p. 161.