Yeni Doğan ve Genç Kedilerde Konjunktivitis’in Bakteriyolojik Profilleri: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz

Öz

Konjunktivitis, enfeksiyöz ya da enfeksiyöz olmayan etkenlerin konjunktival savunma sistemini bozması veya uyarması sonucu gelişen inflamasyondur. Farklı hayvan türlerinde ve yaş gruplarında yaygın olarak görülür. En sık nedeni, doğal mikrobiyotada bulunan ya da çevreden edinilen bakteriyel patojenlerdir. Bu çalışmada, klinik olarak konjunktivitis belirtileri gösteren neonatal ve juvenil (1 yaş altı) kedilerin konjunktival mikrobiyotasındaki bakteriyel değişimlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca, hayvana ve çevreye bağlı etkenlerin bu yapıya etkisi çoklu istatistiksel yöntemlerle analiz edilmiştir. Oftalmoloji kliniğine getirilen, farklı ırk ve cinsiyette toplam 50 kedi (neonatal n= 25, juvenil n= 25) çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Her bireyden anamnez alınmış; oftalmoskopi, slit-lamp biyomikroskopi, Schirmer testi ve fluorescein boyama ile muayeneleri yapılmıştır. Konjunktivitis şiddeti 0-4 arası skorlanmış, konjunktival sürüntü örneklerinden bakteri kültürü ve tanımlaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Neonatal kedilerde klinik belirtiler daha şiddetli olup, bakteri üreme oranı anlamlı şekilde daha yüksektir (P<0.05). Juvenil kedilerde Staphylococcus spp. ve Pseudomonas spp. izole edilirken; neonatal grupta Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Pasteurella spp., Corynebacterium spp. ve Actinobacillus spp. tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, konjunktivitisli kedilerde yaşa bağlı olarak konjunktival bakteriyel mikrobiyota anlamlı düzeyde farklılık göstermektedir. Neonatal kedilerdeki yüksek üreme oranı, immun sistemin yeterince olgunlaşmamış olmasına bağlı artmış duyarlılığı düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bakteri
• kedi konjunktivitis
• mikrobiyota
• patojenler

Bacteriological Profiles of Conjunctivitis in Neonatal and Juvenile Cats: A Comparative Analysis

Öz

Conjunctivitis is an inflammatory condition of the conjunctiva caused by infectious or noninfectious factors that disrupt or stimulate the local defense system. It is commonly observed in animals of all ages, with bacterial pathogens from the normal microbiota or external sources being the primary cause. This study investigates bacterial alterations in the conjunctival microbiota of neonatal and juvenile cats (under 1 year) presenting with conjunctivitis and evaluates the influence of animal-related and environmental factors using various statistical methods. Fifty cats were included: 25 neonates and 25 juveniles of mixed breeds and sexes. Each cat underwent a detailed anamnesis and ophthalmic examination, including direct ophthalmoscopy, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, Schirmer test, and fluorescein staining. Conjunctivitis severity was scored from 0 to 4. Conjunctival swabs were cultured, and bacterial identification was performed. Neonates showed more severe clinical signs and significantly higher bacterial growth (P<0.05). Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were isolated in juveniles, while neonates exhibited a broader bacterial spectrum, including Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Pasteurella spp., Corynebacterium spp., and Actinobacillus spp. Age was the most significant factor influencing bacterial growth. The findings suggest that neonates are more susceptible to conjunctival bacterial microbiota, likely due to immature immune defenses. This study highlights the need for age-specific considerations in the diagnosis and management of feline conjunctivitis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bacteria
• feline conjunctivitis
• microbiota
• pathogens

Kaynakça

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