Gebe Kısrak ve Develerde Tırtıl-Kaynaklı Abortlar

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 191 - 196, 01.12.2014

Abdullah Incı Alparslan Yıldırım Onder Duzlu

Öz

Tırtıllar Lepidoptera dizisinde yer alan kelebeklerin larval formlarıdır. Bazı türlerin tırtılları insektlerle beslenirken

çoğunluğu herbivordur. Doymak nedir bilmeyen tırtıllar, esasen tarım haşereleri olup meyvelere ve diğer tarımsal

ürünlere zarar verirler. Buna ilaveten bazı gece kelebekleri (güveler) ve onların larval dönemleri, davranış özellikleri

dolayısıyla medikal ve veteriner öneme sahiptirler. Lepidoptera dizisindeki gece kelebeklerinin bir bölümü direkt olarak

hayvan ve insanların vücut sıvıları ve sekresyonlarıyla beslenmeye adapte olmuşlardır. Zoophilic güveler olarak da

adlandırılan bu kelebek türleri hayvanların gözyaşı sekresyonları, yaralar üzerindeki kan ve deri eksudatları, burun

sekresyonu, tükürük, ter ve idrar gibi vücut sıvılarıyla ve konak hayvanlardan kan emen sivrisineklerden dökülen kan

damlacıklarıyla beslenirler. Ayrıca deriyi delebilme ağız yapısına sahip bazı güveler tercihen açık yaralara saldırırlar ve

konak hayvanların kanlarıyla beslenirler. Beslenme süresince güveler endemik bölgelerde bazı enfeksiyonların mekanik

vektörlüğünde rol oynarlar. Diğer yandan, Lepidoptera dizisinde bulunan Limacodidae, Megalopygidae ve Saturniidae

ailelerindeki bazı türler insanlarda ürtiker ve güve dermatitisine sebep olurken, Lasiocampidae, Notodontidae,

Thaumetopoidae ve Lymantriidae ailelerindeki kelebek tırtılları, enfeste alanlarda otlama esnasında yemlerle alınmaları

sonucu gebe kısrak ve develerde yavru atmalara yol açarlar. Bu derlemede gebe kısrak ve develerde tırtıl kaynaklı

abortlar hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Abort, deve, gebelik, kısrak, tırtıl-kaynaklı

Caterpillar-Borne Abortions in Pregnant Mares and Camels

Öz

The caterpillars are the larval forms of butterflies and moths in the order Lepidoptera. While some species

are insectivorous, most of them are herbivorous. As known voracious feeders, caterpillars are pests in agriculture, and

damage to fruits and other agricultural products. In addition, moths and their larval stages have medical and veterinary

importance because of their behaviors and noxious secretions. Some groups of moths in Lepidoptera adapted for

feeding directly on secretions and body fluids of animals and humans. These butterflies known as zoophilic moths feed

on animal fluids such as lachrymal secretions, blood and skin exudates on wounds, nasal secretions, saliva,

perspiration, urine and droplets of blood dripped from mosquitoes feeding on host animals. Further, some skin-piercing

moths preferentially attract to open wounds on animal hosts and suck blood. During the feeding, the moths play a role

as mechanic vectors for some infections in endemic regions. On the other hand, some urticating caterpillars in the

order Lepidoptera such as Limacodidae, Megalopygidae and Saturniidae cause urticaria and moth dermatitis in human,

the majority of caterpillars within the families Lasiocampidae, Notodontidae, Thaumetopoidae, and Lymantriidae induce

equine abortions in pregnant mares and also in dromedary camels due to ingestion of the larval forms during grazing in

the infested area. The caterpillar-borne abortions in pregnant mares and camels were reviewed in this article.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Abortion, camel, caterpillar-borne, mare, pregnancy

Kaynakça

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