Ruminantların Gastro-intestinal Nematodlarında Anthelmentik Dirençliliği

Yıl 2014, Cilt 11, Sayı 3, 211 - 220, 01.12.2014

Mustafa KÖSE

Öz

Ruminantların gastrointestinal nematod enfeksiyonlarının kontrolünde anthelmentiklerin yoğun kullanılması sonucunda

bu ilaçlara karşı direnç gelişmiş ve bu durum dünya genelinde birçok ülkede büyük bir sorun haline gelmiştir.

Sürekli kullanılan, benzimidazol, imidazothiazol ve makrosiklik laktonlara karşı Haemonchus, Teladorsagia ve

Trichostrongylus gibi önemli nematod cinslerinde direnç olguları bildirilmektedir. Buna ilaveten gastrointestinal nematod

popülasyonlarında çoklu ilaç direnci de tespit edilmiştir. Gastrointestinal nematodların bu anthelmentiklere karşı direnç

kazanması ruminantlarda büyük ekonomik kayıplara, sağlık ve hayvan refahı problemlerine yol açmaktadır. Bu derlemede

direnç gelişiminin mekanizmaları, direnç tespit yöntemleri, direnç kontrol stratejileri ve anthelmentik dirençliliğinin

Türkiye’deki durumu ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antelmentik dirençliliği, gastro-intestinal nematodlar, ruminantlar

Anthelmintic Resistance in Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes of Ruminants

Öz

The intensive use of anthelmintics for the control of gastro-intestinal nematode infections of ruminants has

resulted in the development of resistance that has become a major practical problem in many countries worldwide.

Anthelmintic resistance to benzimidazoles, imidazothiazoles and macrocyclic lactones has continuously been reported,

particularly for the important genera, Haemonchus, Teladorsagia and Trichostrongylus. Furthermore, multiple

drug-resistant populations of these gastro-intestinal nematodes have also been detected. Anthelmintic resistance

developed in these nematode parasites of ruminants causes a large amount of economic losses, health and welfare

problems worldwide. In this review, it is aimed to explain the mechanism, various detection methods, control strategies

and the status of anthelmintic resistance in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anthelmintic resistance, gastro-intestinal nematodes, ruminants

Kaynakça

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