West Nile Virus Infection in Horses

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 45 - 49, 01.03.2005

Z. Yazıcı

Öz

-

Anahtar Kelimeler

Atlar, ensafalit, batı nil virusu, culex, nöyrolojik bozukluklar

Atlarda Batı Nil Virüsü Enfeksiyonu

Öz

Batı Nil Virusu, atlarda arthropodalar ile nakledilen bir viral enfeksiyona neden olur. Hastalık başlıca ensefalit,ataksi, parazi , paraliz, titremeler, güçsüzlük ve körlüğü içeren nöyrolojik bozukluklarla karakterizedir. Son zamanlardabir çok ülkede batı nil virusu salgınları bildirilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Atlar, ensafalit, batı nil virusu, culex, nöyrolojik bozukluklar

Kaynakça

• Autorino LG, Battisti A, Deubel V, Ferrari GL, Forletta R, Giovannini A, Lelli R, Murri S, Scicluna TM, 2002. West nile virus Epidemic in Horses,Tuscany Regsion, Italy. Emerg Inf Dis., 8,12:1372-1378.
• Blair DC, Adelman NZ, Olson EK, 2000. Molecular artropod-borne mosquitoes. Clin Microbiol Rev.,12,4:651-661. transmission virus by
• Blitvich JB, Salas FI, Cordero CFJ, Marleen LN, Rojas GIJ, Komar N, Gubler JD, Calisher HC, Beaty JB, 2003. Serologic evidence of wesr nile virus ınfection in horses,Coahuila State, Mexico. Emerg Inf Dis., 9, 7:853-856.
• Bunning LM, Bowen AR, Cropp B, Sullivan GK, David SB, Komar N, Godsey SM, Baker D, Hettler LD, Holmes AD, Biggerstaff JB, Mitchell JC, 2002. Experimental infection of horses with west nile virus. Emerg Inf Dis., 8,4:380-386.
• Diamond, SM, 2003. Evasion of innate and adaptive immunite by flavivirus. Immunol and Cell Biol., 81: 196-206.
• Duran B, Chevalier V, Pouillot R, Labie J, Marendat I, Murgue B, Zeller H, Zientara S, 2002. horses,Southern France, 2000. Results of serosurvey. Emerg Inf Dis., 8,8:777-782. in Gottfried LK,Roehrig TJ, 2002. Detection of West Nile Virus Antigen in Mosquitoes and Avian Tissues by a Monoclonal Antibody Based Capture Enzyme Immunoassay. Microbiol., 40, 6:2023­-2030. Burkha1ter J Clin
• Lanciotti SR, Kerst JA, Nasci SR Marvin SG, Mitchell JC, Savage HM, Komar N, Panella AN, Allen CB, Volpe EK, Davis SB, Roehrig TJ, 2000. Rapid Detection of West Nile Virus from Human Clinical Specimens, Fie1d- Collected Mosquitoes, and A vian Samples by a Assay. J Clin MicrobioI., 38,11: 4066-4071. Transcriptase-PCR
• Leysson P, De Clercq E, Neyts J, 2000. Perspectives for the treatment of infections with flaviviridae. Clin Microbio1 Rev., 13,1:67 -82.
• Martin DA, Muth AD, Brown T, Jıhnson JA,Karabatsos Standardization of immunoglobulin M capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assays for routine diagnosis of arboviral infections.J Clin.Microbiol., 38,1823-1826. TJ, 2002.
• Mc Lean LG, Ubico SR, Bourne D ,2002. West Nile Virus in Live Stock and Wildlife. Curr Trop Microbiol Immunol., 267, 241-252.
• McMinn, CR, 1997. The molecular basis of virulence of the encephalitogenic flaviviruses J Gen Virol., 78:2711-2722.
• Monath, PT, Heinz XF,1996. Flaviviruses. In:Pields NB, Knipe DM, Howley MP, Chanock RM, Melnick LJ, Monath PT, Poizman B, Strauss ES. Field’s Virology, 3 rd edition, Philedelphia, Lippincott-Raven, 961- 1034.
• Murgue B, Murri S, Zientara S, Durand B, Durand rj, Zeller H, 2001. West Nile Outbreak in horses in Southern France,2000:The return arter 35 years: Emerg Infect Dis., 7, 4:692- 696.
• Ostlund NE, Crom LR, Pedersen DD, Johnson JD, Williams OW, Schmitt JB, 2001. Equine west nile encephalitis,United States. Emerg Infect Dis., 7,4:665-699.
• Perl S, Fiette L, Lahav D, Sheicat N, 2002.West nile virus encephalitis. Isr J Vet Med htm.
• Petersen LR, Roehring TJ 2001.West Nile Virus: A Reemerging Global Pathogen. Emerg Infect Dis., 7,4: 611-614.
• Pino LAM, Blitvich JB, Ale FAJ, Puerto IF, Bianco MJ, Marleen LN, Paredes RPE, Rejon GEJ, Gubler JD, Calisher HC, Beaty JB, 2003. Serologic Evidence of wesr nile virus ınfection in horses,Yucatan State, Mexico. Emerg Inf Dis., 9,7:857-859.
• Sampatlıkumar P, 2003. Clinical Presentation, Virus:Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Prevention. Mayo Clin Proc., 78,1137-1144.
• Scherret HJ, Poidinger M, Mackenzie SJ, Bromm KA, Deubel W, Lipkin IW, Briese T, Gould AE, Hall AR, 2001. The relationships between West Nile and Kunjin Viruses: Emerg lnfect Dis., 7,4:697-705.
• Shimoni Z, Niven J, Pidick S, Bulvik S, 2001. Treatment of West Nile Virus Encephalitis with intravein immunoglobulin,Letters,Emerg lnfect Dis., 7,4:759.
• Tardei G, Ruta S, Chitu,V, Rossi C, Tsai FT, Cemescu Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG Enzyme Immunoassays in Seralogic Diagnosis of West Nile Virus Infection. J Clin Microbiol., 38,6:2232-2239. Evulation of
• Trock ES, Meade JB, Glaser LA, Ostlund NE, Lanciotti SR, Cropp CB, Kulasekara V, Kramer DL, Komar N, 2001. West Nile Virus Outbreak Among Horses in New York State 1999 and 2000. Emerg Infect Dis., 7, 4:745- 759.