Gıda Etiği Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 129 - 136, 01.08.2021

Esra Çelik Aşkın Yaşar

https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.965518

Cited By: 2

Öz

Eski uygarlıklardan günümüze geçen süreçte gıda etiğinden söz etmek mümkündür. Ülkelerin coğrafya ve kültür koşullarından kaynaklanan “yeterli ve dengeli beslenme farklılıkları”, “gıda güvencesi”, “gıda israfı” ve “hayvan gönenci (refahı)” gibi konular gıda etiği açısından ciddi tartışmalar ve etik ikilemler yaratmaktadır. Özellikle “sağlıklı ve nitelikli gıdaya erişim”, temel insan haklarından birisi olan “yaşam hakkı” kadar önemli olmakla beraber, aynı zamanda en çok ihlal edilen gıda etiği konularından biridir. Günümüzde yasa, standart ve kuralların tek başına gıda güvencesi sağlaya-madığı durumlarda, “toplumsal etik değerler” tarih boyunca tüketicinin başlıca güven kaynağı olmuştur. Yeterli gıda arzını sağlamak zorunda olan gıda sektöründe göz ardı edilmemesi gereken etik ilkelerin “yararlılık, zarar vermeme, adalet ve özerklik”, etik davranışın ise “güvenli gıda temini” olduğu unutulmamalıdır. Sonuç olarak, kendine özgü etik değerleri olan gıda üretiminden son tüketim noktasına kadar uzanan zincirde işleyen ve “evrensel” nitelikte olduğu ka-bul edilen gıda etiğinde etik değer ve ilkelerin iyi bilinmesinin doğru ve uygun tutumun seçilmesinde oldukça önemli olduğu; etik kurulların gıda alanında özelleşmiş bir örneği olarak “Gıda Etiği Kurulları” ve/veya “Ulusal Gıda Danışma Kurulları”nın oluşturulmasının pratikte karşılaşılan gıda etiği sorunlarının değerlendirilmesi ve çözüme kavuşturulmasın-da bir ihtiyaç olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beslenme, etik ilkeler, gıda etiği, gıda güvenliği, hayvan gönenci

An Evaluation on Food Ethics

Öz

It is possible to talk about food ethics in the period from the ancient civilizations to the present day. Issues such as “adequate and balanced nutrition differences”, “food insecurity”, “food wasting” and “animal welfare” arising from the geographical and cultural conditions of the countries create serious debates and ethical dilemmas in terms of food ethics. In deed “access to healthy and qualified food” is as important as one of basic human rights, “right to life”, but it is also one of the most violated food ethics issues. Today, when the laws, standards and rules alone can not pro-vide food security, “social ethic a values” have been the primary source of trust of the consumer throughout history. It should not be forgotten that the ethical principles that should not be ignored in the food sector that has to provide suffi-cient food supply are “beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, autonomy”, and ethical behaviour is “safe food supply”. As a result, it can be said that it is very important to know the ethical values and principles well in choosing the right and appropriate attitude in the food ethics that have a unique evalue and operate in the chain from the production to the final consumption point and accepted as "universal"; the establishment of “Food Ethics Committees” and/or “National Food Advisory Boards” as a specialized example of ethics committees in the field of food is a need in evaluating and resolving the food ethics problems encountered in practice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Animal welfare, ethical principles, food ethics, food safety, nutrition

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