Antibiyotiklerin tespiti ve arıtılması

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2, 185 - 199, 01.04.2013

Murat Topal Gülşad Uslu E.işıl Arslan Topal Erdal Öbek

Öz

Günümüzde geniş bir kullanım a lanına sahip olan antibiyotikler, insan ve hayvan tıbbında tedavi edici amaçlar için sıklıkla kullanılırlar. Antibiyotiklerin bir kısmı metobolizma tarafından kullanılırken, kullanı lmayan kıs ımlar idrar ve dışkı yoluyla kanali zasy o na ve oradan da arıtma tesisine ulaşır. Arıtma tesisine ulaşan antibiyotikler klasik arıtma yön te mleriyle giderilemediğinden alıcı or tamlarda çevresel sorunlara neden olmaktadır. Y üzeysel sularda antibiyotiklerin yüksek konsantrasyon ları sucul organizmalar üzerine toks i k etki yapar lar. Antibiyotiklerin düşük konsantrasyonlar ı antibiyotik direncine sebep olmaktadır. A ntibiyotikler alıcı ortama verilmeden önce fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik yönt em ler ile arıtılmalıdır . Bu nedenle antibiyotiklerin tespit edilmesi ve arıtılması önemlidir. Bu derlemede, antibiyotiklerin tespit edilmesi nde kullanılan analitik yöntemler ile antibiyot i klerin arıtımasında kullanılan metotlar açıklanmış ve tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antibiyotik, arıtma, ilaç, metot

Determination and treatment of antibiotics

Öz

Today, antibiotics which have wide usage area are frequently used for the therapeutic purposes in human and animal medicine. While some of the parts of the antibiotics are used by metabolism, the unused paits reach to the sewage via urine and excreta and then reach to the treatment plant. The antibiotics which reach to the treatmen tplant cause environmental problems in the receiving environments because the could not be eliminated by conventional treatment methods. The high conce ntrations of the antibiotics in the surface waters cause toxicity on aquate organisms. Low concentrations of antibiotics cause antibiotic resistance. T he antibiotics should be treated by physical, chemical and biological methods before discharged to the re ceiving environments. Therefore, detection and treatment of the antibiotics are important. In this review, the analytical methods used fort he detection of antibiotics and the methods used fort he treatment of antibiotics were explained and discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antibiotic, treatment, pharmaceutical, metod

Kaynakça

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