Su Kirliliği: Su İle Taşınabilen Bitki Virüsleri

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 40 - 47, 01.02.2011

Mehmet Ali Sevik

Öz

Su, canlı yaşamının devamlılığı için vazgeçilmez ve en önemli unsurudur. İnsan ve hayvanlar kadar bitki canlılığı da suyun varlığına bağlıdır. İnsan sağlığında kullanılan suyun temizliği ne kadar önemliyse bitkiler içinde kullanılan suyun temiz ve sağlıklı olması son derece önem arz etmektedir. Farklı su kaynaklarında birçok mikroorganizma bulunabilmekte ve mikrobial kirliliğe yol açabilmektedir. Bunlar arasında virüsler önemli bir yer işgal etmektedir. Ancak, insan sağlığı ile kıyaslanınca, bitkilerde enfeksiyon yapan virüsler ikinci planda kalmakla birlikte, çok sayıda bitki patojeni virüs farklı su kaynaklarında bulunmakta ve sulama suyu ile taşınabilmektedir. Bu nedenle tarımda, sulamada kullanılan suyun bitki patojenleri yönünden temiz ve kaliteli olması son derece önemlidir. Bunun için de bitki patojeni virüslerin enfeksiyon kaynaklarını ortadan kaldırıcı bazı ön tedbirlerin alınması gerekmektedir. Bu makalede, bitki patojeni virüslerin farklı su kaynaklarında oluşturduğu kirlilik, suda teşhis metodları ve tarımda kullanılması gereken sulama suyu ve özellikle hidroponic kültürde kullanılan besin solüsyonların hijyenik özellikleri tartışılmaktadır. Buna ilave olarak, insan sağlığında içme suyunda olduğu gibi, bitki virüslerinin enfeksiyon kaynaklarından birisini oluşturan sulama suyuna dikkat çekilerek, oluşabilecek enfeksiyonlara karşı önlem alınması gerektiği vurgulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

virüs, taşınma, su kaynaklı virüs, su kirliliği

Water Pollution: Water-Borne Plant Viruses

Öz

The water is the most critical factor for survival of all organisms. Vitality of plants depends on existence of water as it is the case for humans and animals. Cleanness and healthiness of water used for plants is as important as cleanness of water used for human health. Many microorganisms may be found in different water sources and cause microbial pollution. Viruses also important water polluting agents. However, when compared with human health, viruses causing infection in plants are of secondary importance and many different plant pathogenic viruses can be found in different water sources and may be carried by water. Therefore, water utilized for agricultural and irrigation purposes should be clean and and pathogen free. So, certain precautions are needed to be taken in order to eliminate infection sources of plant pathogenic viruses. This article discusses pollutions created by plant pathogenic viruses in different water sources, detection and identification of water-borne viruses, and hygienic characteristics of nutrient solutions used particularly for hydroponic culture and emphasizes control measures against possible infections.

Anahtar Kelimeler

virus, transmission, water-borne virus, water pollution

Kaynakça

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